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研究生: 胡志佳
Hu, Chih Chia
論文名稱: 應用於增進行走平衡之隨機震動驅動電路
Random noise vibration driver IC for walking balance enhancement
指導教授: 徐永珍
Hsu, Yung-Jane
口試委員: 盧向成
Michael S.-C. Lu
郭明清
Ming-Ching Kuo
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電子工程研究所
Institute of Electronics Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 94
中文關鍵詞: 提升老人平衡隨機共振理論亂數雜訊
外文關鍵詞: Balance enhancement, Stochastic resonance, Random noise
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  • 隨著人口老化趨勢愈來愈明顯,在這老化的社會中,老年人跌倒一直是一個頭痛的議題。其主要原因來自於人體感知神經的敏銳度降低。人體感知神經會隨著年齡增長、身體疾病等因素造成退化,因此需要更大的外界訊號刺激才有所反應。近年來有眾多研究証實,隨機共振理論可應用於提升人體自身平衡,當施加一亂數雜訊於腳底,可提升人體偵測身體傾斜的能力。然而這些研究所提出的平衡提升裝置皆相當龐大或耗電,不適合於行走時使用。本論文研究為利用隨機共振理論,設計出一套可攜式自我平衡提升裝置,其振動強度可大範圍調整且所耗功率甚低。
    內文一開始將說明壓電致動器的選取與量測,証明其低功耗特性。接著介紹如何採用訊號產生器、電源供應器、差分放大器,完成平衡提升裝置雛型,經証實其確有助於增進自身平衡感。最後設計出低頻亂數雜訊致動器驅動電路與20V升壓電路,並將其整合進同一晶片中,取代大型儀器實現可攜式化,經由量測証實電路性能與預期規格皆相符。
    本晶片採用TSMC 0.25μm 1P3M標準製程實現,晶片面積為1.402mm×1.900mm。


    Falls are deadly issue for elders in this aging society. The prime cause of fall-related accidents is the degrading of proprioceptors, which severes with the age increasing or by physical diseases, so the elders need larger outside signal to excite their proprioceptors.
    The technique of applying stochastic resonance on cutaneous sensation to improve sensory function has been well developed for many years. The particular phenomenon of stochastic resonance can enhance the detection of weak signals, when applying the random vibration on the sole of foot. However, the balance- enhanceing devices from the papers are not suitable for carry because of their huge size or more power comsumption. Therefore, we design a portable self balance- enhanceing device with low power consumption and it has widely adjustble range of the vibration intensity.
    In this thesis, we verified that the piezoelectric actuator is a low power consumption material by our experiment. The model of balance- enhanceing device which is composed of function generator, power supply, and differential amplifier is described, and we also verified that this system can improve the performance of the human balance control system. Finally, we designed a 20V boost converter and a low frequency random noise driver for piezoelectric actuator in a single chip, and the measurement result of the circuit are identical with expectation.
    The chip was fabricated in TSMC 0.25μm 1P3M CMOS technology, and the total area of the integrated circuit is 1.402mm×1.900mm.

    第一章 序論 1 1-1 研究背景介紹 1 1-1.1 人體自我平衡機制 1 1-1.2 隨機共振理論 3 1-2 人體平衡實驗 5 1-3 研究動機 6 1-4 論文架構 9 第二章 系統架構簡介 10 2-1 外部裝置介紹 10 2-1.1 鋰離子電池介紹 11 2-1.2 鋰離子電池的優點 11 2-1.3 鋰離子電池的容量描述 12 2-2 壓電致動器介紹 12 2-2.1 壓電致動器量測 14 2-3 人體平衡感提升實驗 20 2-4 平衡提升電路簡介 24 第三章 子電路分析模擬與實現 27 3-1 低壓總系統介紹 27 3-1.1 Current starve ring oscillator 29 3-1.2 nA Current generator 、 Random sawtooth 32 3-1.3 Bandgap reference、Bias current 38 3-1.4 PRBS (pseudo random bits) 43 3-1.5 Noise generator 、 Random duty generator 44 3-1.6 Modulation PMOS 、 Output buffer 46 3-2 高壓總系統介紹 49 3-2.1 Power stage 52 3-2.2 Current sensing 53 3-2.3 Minimum off time 54 第四章 電路模擬與晶片佈局 59 4-1 主系統模擬結果 59 4-1.1 低壓系統模擬結果 59 4-1.2 Boost converter模擬結果 62 4-2 電路佈局 67 第五章 量測結果與討論 70 5-1 量測平台 70 5-2 量測環境 71 5-3 電路量測結果 72 5-3.1 低壓系統量測結果 72 5-3.2 Boost量測結果 79 5-3.3 總系統量測結果 81 5-3.4 量測結果整理 86 5-4 問題討論 87 5-5 人體自我平衡提升量測結果 89 第六章 結論與後續建議 91 6-1 結論 91 6-2 後續研究改進 91 參考文獻 92

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