製備氧化鐵中空微球/石墨烯塗覆海綿並探討其於電磁波吸收之應用

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研究生：	陳冠妤 Chen, Kuan-Yu
論文名稱：	製備氧化鐵中空微球/石墨烯塗覆海綿並探討其於電磁波吸收之應用 Fabrication of Fe2O3 Hollow Microspheres/ Reduced Graphene Oxide Coated Sponge and Study of its Application on Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
指導教授：	戴念華 Tai, Nyan-Hwa
口試委員:	黃繼遠 Huang, Chi-Yuan 嚴大任 Yen, Ta-Jen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	78
中文關鍵詞：	電磁波吸收、石墨烯、氧化鐵、海綿
外文關鍵詞：	Electromagnetic wave absorption, Reduced graphene oxide, Hematite, Sponge
相關次數：	點閱：1 下載：0
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此研究製備一種複合材料，可使電磁波有效地被輕薄的海綿所吸收。在材料選擇方面，以海綿為骨架，其多孔洞的結構賦予複合材料許多優點，如質輕、低密度及提供電磁波多重反射的結構。透過塗覆還原氧化石墨烯 (reduced Graphene Oxide, rGO) 於海綿骨架，rGO表面上的分子結構缺陷及官能基能夠造成電偶極的極化，使複合材料展現吸收電磁波的性質。三氧化二鐵因為具有較大的能隙，因此被選用作為降低rGO的介電性質，使得整體複合材料的介電性質更適用於減低電磁波的強度。除此之外，三氧化二鐵微球的中空結構可以更進一步提供電磁波在材料內部的多重反射。當電磁波進入海綿複合材料後，電磁波會在內部連通的通道中進行多重反射，而三氧化二鐵的中空結構也能有效地減弱入射的電磁波。複合海綿在8.2 - 12.4 GHz的X頻段下表現優異，可以屏蔽超過99%的電磁波，其中97%是藉由吸收損耗，由此可知，此複合材料是以吸收為主要屏蔽機制的電磁波屏蔽材料。

In this work, we fabricate a porous composite via coating polyurethane (PU) sponge with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hematite (Fe2O3) hollow microspheres. Compared with impermeable shielding materials, porous materials are endowed with advantages such as lower density and high EM (Electromagnetic) wave-absorption capacities. Through coating rGO onto the skeleton of PU sponge, the composites could possess high EM waves absorption performance which originates from residual defects and functional groups on the rGO surface which could arise polarization of defects and dipoles. Based on large band gap, Fe2O3 is selected to reduce dielectric value of rGO, therefore, lead to moderate permittivity value of the sponge composites. Besides, the hollow structure of the Fe2O3 microspheres could further provide internal multiple scattering and reflection of EM waves. Consequently, when EM waves impinge on porous composite, it will undergo multiple reflection on the myriad rGO interfaces within the interconnecting pores. The addition of Fe2O3 hollow microspheres provide hierarchical structure within the composites, which could enhance the overall attenuation of incident EM waves effectively. Based on these designs, the porous composites could shield more than 99% of EM waves while more than 97% is contributed by absorption. Due to the low density and outstanding shielding effectiveness performance, our study demonstrates a promising approach of preparing absorption dominated EM interference shielding materials.

摘要............................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II
目次............................................................................................................................. IV
表目錄....................................................................................................................... VIII
圖目錄......................................................................................................................... IX
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................................. 1
1 前言..................................................................................................................... 1
2 研究動機............................................................................................................. 1
第二章 文獻回顧.......................................................................................................... 5
1 電磁波干擾理論................................................................................................. 5
2 電磁波屏蔽機制................................................................................................. 6
3 電磁波吸收材料............................................................................................... 10
3.1 電阻損耗型................................................................................................ 10
3.2 介電損耗型................................................................................................ 11
3.3 磁損耗型.................................................................................................... 13
4 碳材料應用於電磁波屏蔽............................................................................... 14
4.1 石墨烯之介紹............................................................................................ 15
4.2 石墨烯之製備方法.................................................................................... 16
4.3 石墨烯複合材料........................................................................................ 17
5 三氧化二鐵....................................................................................................... 18
6 孔洞複合材料................................................................................................... 19
第三章 實驗方法及分析............................................................................................ 33
1 實驗藥品........................................................................................................... 33
2 實驗分析儀器................................................................................................... 33
2.1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡........................................................................ 34
2.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡.................................................................................... 34
2.3 熱重量分析儀............................................................................................ 35
2.4 X 光繞射分析儀 ......................................................................................... 36
2.5 拉曼光譜儀................................................................................................ 36
2.6 X 射線光電子能譜儀 ................................................................................. 37
2.7 四點探針.................................................................................................... 37
2.8 向量網路分析儀........................................................................................ 38
2.8.1 矩形波導法......................................................................................... 38
2.8.2 同軸法................................................................................................. 38
2.8.3 自由空間法......................................................................................... 39
3 實驗步驟及方法............................................................................................... 40
3.1 製備碳球模板............................................................................................ 40
3.2 製備中空三氧化二鐵微球........................................................................ 40
3.3 製備氧化石墨烯........................................................................................ 41
3.4 製備石墨烯/三氧化二鐵塗覆海綿 .......................................................... 41
第四章 結果與討論.................................................................................................... 47
1 中空三氧化二鐵微球之材料分析.................................................................... 47
1.1 形貌觀察.................................................................................................... 47
1.2 熱重分析.................................................................................................... 48
1.3 X 光繞射光譜分析 ..................................................................................... 49
2 rGO/Fe2O3 複合海綿之材料分析 ..................................................................... 49
2.1 形貌觀察.................................................................................................... 49
2.2 拉曼光譜儀分析........................................................................................ 50
2.3 X 光繞射光譜分析 ..................................................................................... 51
2.3 X 射線光電子能譜分析 ............................................................................. 52
2.4 片電阻分析................................................................................................ 52
3 rGO/Fe2O3 複合海綿屏蔽效能分析 ................................................................. 53
3.1 不同rGO 含量之rGO 海綿 ..................................................................... 54
3.2 不同rGO 含量之rGO/Fe2O3 複合海綿 ................................................... 55
3.3 不同Fe2O3 含量之rGO/Fe2O3 複合海綿 ................................................. 56
4.4 厚度對於電磁波屏蔽效能的影響............................................................ 56
4.5 結構控制對於電磁波屏蔽效能的影響.................................................... 57
第五章 結論................................................................................................................ 71
References .................................................................................................................... 72
                                

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