鋰電池熱現象之模擬｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	陳欣志 Shin-Chih Chen
論文名稱：	鋰電池熱現象之模擬 Thermal Analysis of Lithium Batteries
指導教授：	王詠雲 Chi-Chao Wan 萬其超 Yung-Yun Wang
口試委員:
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	164
中文關鍵詞：	鋰電池、熱分析、散熱
外文關鍵詞：	lithium battery, thermal analysis, heat dissipation
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
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為了研究鋰電池在放電過程中發熱與散熱的行為，在此研究中分別對方型以及圓柱型鋰電池這兩大系統建立了適切的數學模型。藉由詳細解析鋰電池內部的幾何形狀、介面性質，以及材料特性，將可獲得高精確的計算結果。除此之外，我們進一步將這些複雜的數學模型加以簡化，使之擁有優良的計算效率，並保有可接受的精確度，而能廣泛的應用在一般的電池輔助設計之上。這些技術將被我們用來分析鋰電池的操作條件與設計因子對電池安全性以及散熱效率的影響。
在方型鋰電池系統方面，研究中顯示電池內部的溫度分布並非是對稱性的，而電池的最高溫度將會出現在略低於電池中心的位置。在自然對流之下，熱幅射將對整個系統貢獻高達 63% 的散熱效率。研究中並顯示，電池表面若施以強制對流，將足以控制電池內部的升溫。電池內部溫度的均勻性，並不會隨著對流的加強而不斷的惡化，而是有最不理想值的存在。
在圓柱型鋰電池方面，研究結果顯示電池內部的最高溫並非出現在電池的正中心，而是出現於一個靠近電池中心的環狀區域。在此研究中，熱幅射在自然對流之下對電池系統的散熱貢獻亦再度被驗證，且強制對流對控制電池內部的溫度有絕對的效用。在另一方面，高導熱性的金屬材質較適合作為電池的外殼，因它可以使電池的散熱特性較不受外部流場型式的影響。此外，電池在各種強制對流流場的散熱行為，可以採用表面的平均熱傳系數來分析，以簡化問題的複雜度。

Two precise thermal models for prismatic and spirally wound lithium batteries have been developed to investigate the thermal behavior of battery discharge. The geometric characteristics, interface behavior, boundary conditions and component properties were carefully considered to ascertain the reliability of the model. Besides the scientific research, several simplified thermal models aimed at the practical applications are also developed, and the validity is further certified by the detailed thermal model. These models were used to study the effects of design parameters and operating variables upon the thermal behavior of lithium batteries.
The simulation results of prismatic lithium batteries show that the temperature distribution inside a battery is asymmetrical, and the maximum temperature occurs somewhere below the center of a battery. Furthermore, radiation was found to be an important factor, and it contributes up to 63% of the total heat dissipation. The results also indicates that strong forced convection is effective in suppressing the maximum temperature, and the temperature uniformity does not decrease continuously when the extent of forced convection is enhanced.
For the analysis of spirally wound lithium batteries, the results show that the maximum temperature locates at a circular region near the hole but not at the exact center. The contribution of radiation on heat transfer is as large as that found in prismatic lithium batteries, and applying the forced convection can remove more than half the heat generated during discharge. The results also show that materials with high thermal conductivity are recommended for use as battery case. Furthermore, the thermal behavior of a battery under a cross flow can be roughly examined under a parallel flow with the average heat transfer coefficient to avoid the complicity.

Abstract    i
摘要    ii
Contents    iii
List of Figures    vii
List of Tables    xii
Chapter 1    Introduction    1
1.1 Background    1
1.2 Paper Review    5
    1.2.1    Thermal analysis of prismatic lithium batteries    5
    1.2.2    Thermal analysis of spirally wound lithium batteries    6
1.3 Organization of the Research    7
References    9
Chapter 2    Thermal Analysis of Prismatic Lithium Batteries    11
2.1 Introduction    11
2.2 Model Development    13
2.3 Numerical Details    19
2.4 Results and Discussion    24
    2.4.1    Temperature variation under galvanostatic discharge    25
    2.4.2    Temperature distribution and thermal resistance within the battery    26
    2.4.3    Temperature distribution on the surface    29
    2.4.4    Heat dissipation mechanism on the surface    30
    2.4.5    The effect of radiation on heat transfer    32
    2.4.6    The effect of forced convection on heat transfer    33
    2.4.7    Effect of contact layer on heat transfer    36
2.5 Conclusions    39
Nomenclature    41
References    44
Chapter 3    Simplified Thermal Models for Prismatic Lithium Batteries    45
3.1 Introduction    45
3.2 Model Development    47
3.3 Results and Discussion    51
3.4 Conclusions    59
Nomenclature    60
References    61
Chapter 4    Thermal Analysis of Spirally Wound Lithium Batteries    62
4.1 Introduction    62
4.2 Model Development    65
    4.2.1    Development of the Detailed Thermal Model    66
    4.2.2    Precision of the Approximated Local Thermal Conductivity    75
4.3 Numerical Details    79
4.4 Results and Discussion    82
    4.4.1    Reliability of the thermal model    83
    4.4.2    Battery Discharge under Natural Convection    86
    4.4.3    Battery Discharge under the Forced Convection with a Parallel Flow    93
    4.4.4    Battery Discharge under Forced Convection with a Cross Flow    96
4.5 Conclusions    100
Nomenclature    102
References    104
Chapter 5    Simplified Thermal Models for Spirally Wound Lithium Batteries    105
5.1 Introduction    105
5.2 Model Development    107
    5.2.1    Simplified Thermal Model with Concentric Circles Approximation    108
    5.2.2    Simplified Thermal Model with Homogeneous Core Region Approximation    113
5.3 Results and Discussion    115
    5.3.1    Simplified Thermal Model with Concentric Circles Approximation    120
    5.3.2    Simplified Thermal Model with Homogeneous Core Region Approximation    125
5.4 Conclusions    130
Nomenclature    131
References    133
Chapter 6    Three-Dimensional Thermal Analysis of Spirally Wound Lithium Batteries    134
6.1 Introduction    134
6.2 Model Development    136
6.3 Numerical Details    140
6.4 Results and Discussion    144
    6.4.1    Battery discharge under natural convection    144
    6.4.2    Battery discharge under forced convection    147
6.5 Conclusions    149
Nomenclature    150
References    152
Chapter 7    Conclusions    153
7.1 Conclusions    153
Appendix    156
A.1 Smart Adjustment Algorithm    156
A.2 Resources    159
A.3 About the Author    164

                                

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