本論文從語音的角度探討秀姑巒阿美語強調語氣的音段延長現象，主要討論四音節靜態動詞中的子音及母音延長。我們透過聲學實驗發現，強調語氣的子音延長主要延長倒數第二音節之聲母（onset）；母音延長則是延長倒數第二音節母音，音長（duration）隨強調級數遞增，基頻（F0）也會隨延長策略不同而有不同的變化。此外，強調語氣常伴有發聲態（phonation）及音質（voice quality）的改變，如：假聲（falsetto）、咽音化（pharyngealization）、會厭塞音加插（epiglottal stop insertion ）等等。本研究更經由感知實驗（AXB辯識測驗）的結果發現，對於阿美語語者來說，子音延長靜態動詞的重要音徵（cue）是「音高」；母音延長靜態動詞則是「音高」及「音長」同樣重要。最後，本文認為延長策略的選擇可能與語意範疇相關，通常含有「正面」語意或「一般強調」時，採用母音延長策略；若含有「負面」、「非預期」的語意則是採用子音延長策略。基於語音自然性（phonetic naturalness），母音、子音延長在訊息傳遞層面所產生的驚奇度（suprisal）有所不同。準此，我們認為語音上較為自然的母音延長應是強調語氣預設（default）的延長策略。

This thesis aims to investigate the phonetics and phonology of emphatically lengthened segments in Siwkolan Amis with reference to quadrisyllabic stative verbs as well as to highlight the particularities of such phenomenon from a cross-linguistic perspective. In Amis, either the onset or the vowel of a penultimate syllable in (quadrisyllabic) stative verbs may be lengthened to express at least two degrees of intensification. Acoustically speaking, emphatic lengthening is usually accompanied with non-modal phonation, e.g. falsetto, pharyngealization and/or epiglottal stop insertion. Results of a perceptual study (AXB identification test) indicate that duration is not a salient cue to distinguish between different levels of emphasis. Rather, participants rely more on F0 peaks when perceiving the tokens with consonant lengthening. Our results also suggest that native speakers are sensitive to both F0 peaks and the lengthened vowel of the emphatic forms with vowel lengthening. This thesis further argues that the choice between vowel lengthening and consonant lengthening may be semantically conditioned. The data show that vowel lengthening is used for “regular” emphatic or when the target word has a “positive” connotation. In contrast, consonant lengthening is used for “unexpected” forms or when the target word has a “negative” connotation. Therefore, in view of possible differences in the degree of “surprisal” made by consonant vs. vowel lengthening, vowel lengthening, a phonetically more natural phenomenon, is regarded as the default strategy of emphasis in this thesis.

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