目的：本研究旨在了解新竹市國小六年級學童身體質量指數（BMI）的生長縱向變化。方法：蒐集新竹市九十七學年度畢業之國小六年級學童男女共1007名，回顧過去一至六年級健康檢查量測之身高與體重資料，計算BMI。依性別及年齡分組，再根據教育部6-18歲BMI的分類標準，區分為過瘦、正常、過重及肥胖四組。將身高、體重與BMI資料轉換成z分數，以平滑曲線方式繪製生長曲線圖，與世界衛生組織（WHO）、台灣地區兒童與青少年生長曲線圖比較，並比較不同性別及年齡體位分布比率。結果：新竹市國小學童身高的生長曲線，從一年級至六年級每學期穩定成長約2-3公分，高年級女童身高顯著高於男童（p<.05），但學童的平均身高發展皆較教育部與WHO低。除了八歲入學男童四年級下學期至六年級之外，國小男童各學期的平均體重較女童重（p<.05）。學童除了八歲入學組一年級上學期與六年級上學期之外，男童的BMI皆大於女童（p<.05）。7-10歲男童的體重發展曲線相似於WHO，女童的體重發展低於教育部與WHO的資料。男童BMI發展平均值較WHO的數值高；女童BMI發展曲線與WHO的BMI曲線相同，男女童BMI發展皆較教育部低。結論：新竹市國小學童BMI穩定發展，且男童較女童高，但與國內及國際標準比較時則偏低。身高增長速率，春夏季較快，秋冬季則較緩，推測可能與季節氣候及活動量有關。建議成長中的學童應維持適當的身體活動量及健康飲食，以維持正常的生長發展。

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal change of body mass index (BMI) in elementary students who were currently at the 6th grade in Hsinchu City. Methods: One thousand and seven elementary 6th graders who graduated in the academic year 97 were recruited in this study. BMI for the past 6 years (from 1st to 6th grade) were computed from height and weight via physical examination conducted every semester. Obtained data were firstly classified by gender and age. And according to the BMI norm declared by the Ministry of Education (MOE), the students were assigned into “thin”, “normal”, “overweight” or “obese” group. Data of height, weight, and BMI were converted into z scores, and the growth rate curves were plotted. The curves were then compared with the data from WHO and MOE. Besides, the distributions of percentage in different gender and age groups were illustrated. Results: The height growth of elementary students in Hsinchu City was2-3 cm per semester through 1st to 6th grade, and higher grade girls were significantly higher than boys(p<.05). However, the average development of height was slower than data of MOE and WHO. Before the second semester of the 4th grade, elementary school boys were significantly heavier than girls (p<.05). Except for the first semesters in the 1st and 6th grade, boys had higher BMI than girls (p<.05). Compared to the weight growth curve published by WHO, the development of 7-10 yrs boys was similar, while in girls was slower. As to BMI, the development in boys was higher while in girls was similar when compared to the data gained from WHO. In addition, when compared to the data from MOE, both boys and girls showed lower growth in BMI. Conclusions: The BMI of the elementary school students in Hsinchu City grew steadily, and the boys developed faster than the girls. However, when compared to national and international data, the present data showed lower development. The height may grow faster in spring and summer while slower in autumn and winter. It is supposed that the weather might relate to physical activity. It is recommended that the school children during growing phases should keep proper physical activity and healthy diet in order to maintain normal growth development.

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