本文主要在探討二氧化鈦光電極微結構對染料敏化太陽能電池之轉換效率影響。染料敏化太陽能電池目前最佳的效率為Gratzel團隊所發表的11.18%。其效率無法再提升之一主要原因乃TiO2微結構。由文獻可知，在染料敏化太陽能電池中電子移動最慢的位置是在TiO2結構中，此現象會使得染料被激發傳送到TiO2上的電子易與電解液中的I3-離子發生再結合，或被TiO2結構中之缺陷所捕捉，亦有可能與被激發染料發生再結合，而未能順利傳送至外電路形成有效電流。因此，本研究希望藉由電子在一維奈米尺度材料上較快的移動速度特性，改善具有高比表面積的奈米顆粒薄膜在電子傳輸上的問題，製作具有高比表面積且兼具一維結構的奈米氧化鈦光電極。目的就是希望電極具有高染料吸附量及快速的電子傳輸網路，避免二氧化鈦中的電子在傳輸的過程中因為阻抗過大而發生再結合(recombination)或者被抓住(trap)的狀況，使得光電流(Jsc)及填充係數(FF)下降，致使效率不彰。另外，本研究也透過電化學沉積法製作具有較高光利用性之TiO2薄膜電極，希望在相同薄膜厚度的情況下達到最佳的光利用性。
本研究利用水熱法製備出軸長比為1(pH1.5與pH2)、2(pH4.3)和4(pH5.6)的TiO2奈米顆粒與奈米棒，藉由不同的混摻比例製備成DSSC的陽極進行組裝量測，在入射光強度100 mW/cm2下，單純的pH2薄膜最佳太陽能轉換效率為5.82%，膜厚10.7μm。以重量比9:1wt%混摻pH2與pH5.6製備的太陽能電池，在較低的染料吸附量與膜厚(8μm)情況下，其轉換效率可達7.44%，其中，短路電流密度增加24%，效率增加28%。由IPCE(%)可以發現混摻後的光電轉換效率在可見光範圍(400~700nm)有顯著的上升，增加約50%。
另一部分，使用電化學沉積法，在TiO2約光電極薄膜中沉積出大尺寸TiO2結構，可增加光在薄膜中的散射，改善光的利用性。利用UV/Vis進行光穿透性量測，可發現其光穿透度在可見光範圍有20~40%的下降，由IPCE與短路電流密度的增加，其效率值可由4.12%增加到6.27%，約上升50%。

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