以導電性原子力顯微鏡研究電致發光高分子之奈米級電荷傳導特性

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研究生：	王申申 Shen-Shen, Wang
論文名稱：	以導電性原子力顯微鏡研究電致發光高分子之奈米級電荷傳導特性 Charge Transport with Nanoscale Confinement in an Electroluminescent Polymer Studied by Conducting Atomic Force Microscopy
指導教授：	林鶴南 Heh-Nan Lin
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2001
畢業學年度：	89
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	52
中文關鍵詞：	導電性原子力顯微鏡、電致發光高分子、電荷傳導特性
外文關鍵詞：	Conducting Atomic Force Microscopy, Electroluminescent Polymer, Charge Transport
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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本實驗以導電性原子力顯微術(conducting atomic force microscopy, CAFM) 量測有機發光材料—導電高分子MEH-PPV [poly(2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene)]—之奈米尺度電流傳輸特性，此實驗架構之解析度在表面形貌(morphology)上可達nm等級、在電性上亦可量測nA之電流，可同時量得樣品表面形貌與區域電流大小。經過統計分析後可獲知電流分佈趨勢，得到試片內之微觀電流傳輸差異。此外，以定點量測電壓與電流特性，可以獲得區域電流對電壓的關係曲線，利用目前廣為接受的空間電荷限制傳導理論(space charge limited conduction, SCLC)，以及與電場具有指數關係之遷移率(mobility)關係式，可計算出零電場之遷移率與傳輸的電場係數，本文中亦將所得數據與一般巨觀量測比較。本實驗方法為一高解析度的量測工具，可以此架構量測有機發光材料之區域及定點電流特性、幫助製程參數選擇，以及作為產品測試與檢驗之工具。

目          錄
一、緒論……………………………………………………………1

1.1前言…………………………………………………………….1

1.2文獻回顧…………………...…………………………………2

二、有機發光二極體………………………………………………4

2.1發展起始………….……………………………………………4

2.2導電與發光原理………….……………………………………6

2.3單層元件設計…………….……………………………………9

三、電流特性………………………………………………………12

3.1界面注入……………………………………………………….13

3.1.1熱激發……………………………………………………...13

3.1.2穿隧效應………………………..………………………….14

3.1.3鏡面效應…………………..……………………………….15

3.2電流傳導……………………………………………………….15

  3.2.1歐姆傳導………………………………………………….15

  3.2.2空間電荷限制……………….……………………………16

   (A) 沒有缺陷………………………………………………….18

   (B) 缺陷在單一能階或多能階上…………………………….18

   (C) 缺陷以指數分佈於能隙中………………….……………22

   (D) 缺陷以高斯分佈於能隙中……………….………………23

   (E) 缺陷不均勻分佈於能隙中……………………………….24

3.2.3 遷移率為電場之函數………….………………………….28

四、實驗簡介………………………………………………………30

4.1 AFM簡介……………………………………………………...30

4.2儀器與架設………….…………………………………………31

五、結果與討論…………………………………………………..34

5.1探針…………………………………………………………….34

5.2雜訊.……………………………………………………………35

5.3表面形貌與電流….……………………………………………37

5.4電流特性……………………………………………………….40

六、結論……………………………………………………………46

七、建議後續研究…………………………………………………47

八、參考文獻………………………………………………………48

圖    目    錄

圖一、電致發光材料之始………………………………………………5

圖二、高分子傳導機制…………………………………………………6

圖三、單重與三重激發態………………………………………………8

圖四、發光與能量散失…………………………………………………8

圖五、單層元件模型………………………………………………….10

圖六、單層元件設計……………………………………………………10

圖七、電流模型…………………………………………………………13

圖八、歐姆轉換電壓示意圖……………………………………………19

圖九、缺陷填滿電壓示意圖……………………………………………21

圖十、缺陷填滿電壓示意圖……………………………………………22

圖十一、實驗架設圖……………………………………………………33

圖十二、探針針尖SEM圖………………………………...……………34

圖十三、自製之同軸接線………………………………………………36

圖十四、摩擦力…………………………………………………………37

圖十五、掃描圖與截面圖………………………………………………39

圖十六、電流分佈圖……………………………………………………39

圖十七、正負電壓電流圖………………………………………………40

圖十八、實驗元件模型…………………………………………………41

圖十九、單點電壓電流圖………………………………………………44

圖二十、遷移率…………………………………………………………44

圖二十一、Ln μ對E1/2作圖 (P-F Plot)……………………………45

圖二十二、Log10  μ與一維傳導模型對E1/2作圖.…………………45

表    目    錄

表一、發光與能量散失機制……………………………………………9

表二、電流對電壓關係式………………………………………………25

表三、歐姆轉換電壓……………………………………………………26

表四、缺陷填滿電壓……………………………………………………27

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