本論文主要使用閘極電壓調節機制於主動式像素感測器(APS)之傳輸電晶體(Transfer Transistor)，目的為增加互補式金氧半影像感測器(CMOS Image Sensor)的動態範圍(Dynamic Range)，並利用一實際電容值掛於APS(4T架構)中重置電晶體(Reset Transistor)的汲極(Drain)端，以增加互補式金氧半影像感測器之動態範圍，而此電路主要是使用4T架構加實際電容增加動態範圍(dynamic range)展現，再連接一組相關性雙取樣電路(CDS)，利用時脈控制，使其兩個電容分別儲存訊號加雜訊及儲存雜訊訊號，並透過第二級將兩電壓值相減，以降低固定式雜訊(FPN)。而本製程透過國家晶片中心以TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS標準製程來完成，並構想以16:10螢幕尺寸來設計感光陣列大小，取代現今4:3感光陣列必須再行基底轉換為16:10的營幕大小，故此為一優點。而影像感測器電路架構部份，(1)光偵測器(Photo-detector)本論文使用CMOS 0.35μm製程支援之BJT_PNP5，完成以P+/Nwell/Psub為PN接面材料之光偵測器。(2)使用主動畫素感測器(Active Pixel Sensor;4T架構)及晶片內實際電容，以PMOS閘極電壓調整機制控制傳輸電晶體，調整在高照度下其儲存電荷流速趨緩，達到動態範圍提升。(3)相關二次取樣(Correlation Double Sampling)電路，使用取樣電容儲存訊號與雜訊，並透過第二級負載相減取得曝光時間轉換所成之光電壓訊號。(4)使用常數轉導偏壓(Constant Gm Bias)電路提供一個與電源供應電壓無關之偏壓，最後以一穩定光源照射感光區域(其餘電路部份以Metal4遮蔽以避免遭到熱破壞)及FPGA燒錄所需之時脈控制完成整體電路之操作，最後以高解析度數位電表或示波器得量測得到動態範圍的延伸。

This work proposes a MOSFET gate voltage adjustment mechanism with a real capacitance in 4T active pixel sensor structure to increase the dynamic range of CMOS image sensor. This 4T APS structure also combines with correlation double sampling (CDS) circuit in order to reduce fixed pattern noise. This chip utilizing a 16:10 monitor size to replace traditional 4:3 sensor array is designed by using a TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS technology therefore there will be an advantage that we don’t need to use complex base transformation between sensor and monitor. For sensor structure, (1)We use P+/Nwell/Psub material in CMOS 0.35um process to implement photo-detector. (2)An active pixel sensor is realized with 4T structure and an integration capacitor to extend dynamic range. (3) Including correlation double sampling circuit to get the signal which is more accurate and without noise. (4)Constant Gm bias is obtained to provide a power independent current. Finally, we use FPGA to implement timing control and a stable light source to illuminate sensor area to accomplish the experimental environment. Then results are measurement from digital meter or oscilloscope. From quantizing the measurement results, the dynamic range is extended as what we expect.

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