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研究生: 蔡伊婷
Chua, Yi Ting
論文名稱: 高效率可撓式半固態染料敏化太陽能電池之電鍍背電極的特性分析
Comparison of electrodeposited platinum counter electrodes for quasi-solid state flexible dye-sensitized solar cells
指導教授: 開執中
口試委員: 歐陽汎怡
李欣芳
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 原子科學院 - 工程與系統科學系
Department of Engineering and System Science
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 126
中文關鍵詞: 染料敏化太陽能電池白金電鍍對電極
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  • 本研究針對白金軟板(ITO/PEN)對電極在可撓式染料敏化太陽能電池中所扮演的角色進行有系統的分析,以目前最常見的三種技術:化學還原、電鍍、濺鍍進行討論。本實驗著重在電鍍方面,因其具備了能控制白金顆粒的變化、快速製備、和減少浪費等優點,在分析方面,除了進行電池元件的量測以外,還包含SEM照片的拍攝、電池阻抗的量測、在硫酸溶液和碘溶液進行CV測試,以及白金含量的分析等等;其中,本研究也建立了電鍍理論相關的機制並引進兩階段式的電鍍方法,在六氯鉑酸中,以先鍍著小顆粒但密度高的白金顆粒在基板上後,在長時間的鍍著較大顆粒的白金離子,藉由調整電鍍參數的電位、時間、圈數,並與前述分析相互對應,得到在-0.35V電鍍3秒至0.2V電鍍0.5秒時重複100迴圈時,可以得到最佳催化能力、最高的白金顆粒表面積和元件效率:藉由這一系列對應對電極的分析,推論出白金顆粒的表面積和元件的Jsc及白金催化能力成正比,而對電極的片電阻和白金顆粒的阻抗也和元件的FF相互呼應。
    優化過的電鍍白金ITO/PEN對電極與以自製24wt%二氧化鈦漿料,搭配膠化的碘電解液系統,在100mW/cm2的光強度下,得到最高為7.11%的光電轉換效率,而將對電極基板換成鈦金屬並進行相同的優化過程後,可得到最高7.305%的光電轉換效率。


    This study investigated the characteristics of platinum (Pt) catalyst layers having a nanoflowers structure, deposited by electrodeposition (ED) on conductive indium-doped tin oxide coated polyethylene naphthalate (ITO-PEN) for flexible dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) response have evidenced the comparison of the catalytic activities of these counter electrodes (CEs) and surface area of Pt for the reduction of tri-iodide to iodide. Two-step pulse electrodeposited technique make CE have high surface area of Pt.
    These results demonstrate that the flexible DSSCs using electrodeposited Pt on the ITO-PEN surface facilitates the electronic transport properties in catalytic reaction to enhance the efficiency and catalytic activity. The flexible DSSCs based on ITO-PEN CEs in conjunction with a AN-based nanocomposite gel electrolyte has achieved the highest solar cell conversion efficiency of 7.11% under one sun illumination (AM1.5, 100 mW cm−2).

    目錄 i 摘要 iv Abstract v 謝誌 vi 圖目錄 vii 表目錄 xii 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻回顧 7 2-1光生伏打(Photovaltaic) 7 2-2 染料敏化太陽能電池原理及結構 8 2-2-1 DSSC的工作原理 8 2-2-2 工作電極 9 2-2-3 染料敏化劑 9 2-2-4 氧化還原對電解質 11 2-2-5 對電極 13 2-2-5 元件封裝 19 2-3 DSSC之電流電壓輸出特性 19 2-3-1太陽光 19 2-3-2 電流-電壓輸出特性 21 2-3-3 太陽能電池轉換效率的極限 22 第三章 實驗方法及原理 37 3-1 實驗流程 37 3-2 實驗步驟 38 3-2-1 透明可撓式導電工作電極製備 38 3-2-2 透明可撓式導電對電極製備 39 3-2-3 碘電解液配製 40 3-2-4 元件組裝 40 3-3 實驗儀器 40 3-3-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM) 40 3-3-2能量散射X光譜分析 (Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis, EDX) 41 3-3-2 表面輪廓儀(Alpha-Step) 41 3-3-4 循環伏安法測試(Cyclic voltammogram,CV) 42 3-3-5 電化學交流阻抗分析(Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy,EIS) 45 3-3-6 太陽光模擬器(Solar simulator) 47 3-3-7 化學分析電子能譜儀(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis , ESCA) 48 3-3-8 感應耦合電漿質譜分析儀(Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, ICP-MS) 49 3-3-9 油壓打片機(Hydraulic press machine) 50 第四章 實驗結果與討論 59 4-1 對電極的優化 59 4-1-1 ITO/PEN對電極的優化 59 4-1-2 鈦對電極的優化 71 4-2 不同染料 73 第五章 結論 111 第六章 未來展望 113 第七章 參考文獻 114 附錄 121 附錄一 工作電極的優化 121 附錄二 工作電極之二氧化鈦漿料濃度的優化 121 附錄三 工作電極之二氧化鈦濕膜厚度的優化 122

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