本篇論文旨在探討失語症患者在種類相關語義、動作相關語義和視覺呈現相關語義的詞彙語義理解時，是否出現選擇性缺失的分離現象。過去學者的研究報告指出，腦傷患者在圖片命名的實驗中得到動詞和名詞詞彙選擇性缺失的雙向分離現象。非流利型失語症患者在動詞的詞彙選擇上有缺失，流利型失語症患者在名詞的詞彙選擇上有缺失。在腦傷患者的詞彙語義理解上，是否也有選擇性缺失的分離現象值得深入探討。故本研究利用事件相關腦電位進行實驗，以聽覺的方式呈現實驗刺激，記錄並分析失語症患者的腦波，探討失語症患者在對同一個詞彙進行理解時，在不同向度所呈現的語義理解能力。本研究設計三個類別，以檢視失語症患者是否保留三種向度的語義理解能力。
第一個向度為種類相關的語義理解，結果發現腦傷部位在左前的失語症患者對種類相關語義理解的保留能力，優於腦傷位置在左後的患者。
第二個向度為動作相關的語義理解，結果發現腦傷部位在左後的失語症患者對動作相關語義理解的保留能力，優於腦傷位置在左前的患者。
第三個向度為視覺呈現相關的語義理解，結果發現腦傷部位在左前、左後以及皮質下的失語症患者對於與視覺呈現相關的語義理解保留能力都較差。
綜合各類失語症患者的表現，本研究的結果發現失語症患者在以聽覺理解三種向度的詞彙語義時，出現選擇性缺失的分離現象。

Abstract

This study investigates the auditory comprehension processing of the aphasic subjects for each target word, measured with event-related potentials. There are three dimensions manipulated for each target word: category, action, and visual appearance. The experiment materials consist of 180 pairs, as 60 pairs in each dimension, with 30 semantically congruent sentences and 30 semantically incongruent sentences.
Concerning the first dimension for the target word, the results show that the aphasic subjects whose lesion sites are in the anterior areas show better commands in semantic comprehension about categories than the posterior subjects.
Concerning the second dimension for the target word, the results show that the aphasic subjects whose lesion sites are in the posterior areas show better commands in semantic comprehension about action than the anterior subjects.
Concerning the third dimension for the target word, most of the aphasic subjects with different lesion sites show poor commands in semantic comprehension about visual appearance.
In comparison of the results across the three dimensions, the dissociation of deficits in processing different semantic dimensions is found as the aphasic subjects try to comprehend the target word.

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