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研究生： 藍婷羭
Lan, Ting-Yu
論文名稱： 針對農業數位分身平台可用性的評估與改進：以稻米種植為例
Evaluation and Improvement of Usability for an Agricultural Digital Twin Platform: A Case Study in Rice Farming
指導教授： 黃能富
Huang, Nen-Fu
口試委員: 石維寬
Shih, Wei-Kuan
陳俊良
Chen, Jiann-Liang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 通訊工程研究所
Communications Engineering
論文出版年： 2023
畢業學年度： 112
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 51
中文關鍵詞： 數位分身 、人機互動 、智慧農業 、使用者中心設計 、使用者研究
外文關鍵詞： Digital Twin Platform, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Smart Agriculture, User-Centered Design, User Research
相關次數： 點閱：51  下載：0 
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    • 現今台灣部分農業已經引入智慧農業的概念，透過物聯網感測器、控制器，以及攝影機等，長期追蹤農田的環境數據。透過收集到的數據及影像資料，使用人工智慧模型來分析作物生長狀況、病蟲害影響，以及環境氣候預測，藉此預測出下一步最合適的施作動作。

    然而，雖然現今物聯網感測器及相關設備的佈建已漸趨廣泛，相關的人工智慧模型發展也逐漸成熟，卻沒有一個可以整合所有環境數據及人工智慧模型分析結果的平台，導致農業工作者需要透過與多個團隊合作、使用多個不同的平台，才能查看到所有數據及結果。

    為了解決上述問題，在本篇論文中，綜合了針對農業數位分身平台的需求探索，以及對於平台可用性、有效性，以及用戶滿意度的研究。我們針對台灣水稻農業工作者的需求進行挖掘，讓平台在設計過程中可以納入淺在用戶的需求；並針對測試版本及正式版本分別進行可用性任務測試以及問卷評估。

    在進行完所有測試過後，我們透過可用性問卷的結果，以及測試過程中的觀察及訪談，分析出正式版本存在的可用性問題，並且討論可行的解決方式。最後，根據可用性問題的重要程度，設立短期及長期優化目標。

    In Taiwan, the concept of smart agriculture has been introduced in some practices. By IoT sensors, controllers, and cameras, we can countinuously monitor environmental data in farmlands over a long period. By collecting data and images, AI models are used to analyze crop growth conditions, assess the impact of pests and diseases, and predict climatic changes. This analysis enables the prediction of the most suitable cultivation actions for the next step of crop management.

    However, despite the increasing deployment of IoT sensors and related devices and the maturing development of associated AI models, there is currently no unified platform available to integrate all environmental data and the analysis results. Agricultural practitioners are required to collaborate with multiple teams and use various platforms to access all the data and results.

    In order to solve the above issue, this thesis synthesizes the exploration of requirements for an agricultural digital twin platform, along with research on platform usability, effectiveness, and user satisfaction. We conducted interviews to find the needs of rice farmers in Taiwan, allowing the platform to bring in the explicit requirements of end-users during the design process. Usability testing and questionnaire assessments were conducted for the beta version and alpha version of the platform.

    After completing all the tests, we analyzed the usability issues in the final version based on the results of the usability questionnaire, observations during testing, and interviews. We discussed feasible solutions to these issues and established short-term and long-term optimization goals based on the importance of each usability problem.

    Acknowledgements Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i 摘要 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 Related Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1 Usability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 Usability Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3 Usability Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.4 System Usability Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.5 Computer System Usability Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.6 Usability Studies for Smart Agriculture System . . . . . . . 14 3 Platform Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.1 Expert Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.2 Crop Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.3 Environmental Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4 Experiment and Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1 Requirement Exploration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1.1 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1.2 Interview Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.1.3 Results from Farmers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.1.4 Results from Agricultural Enterprise Managers . . . . . . 24 4.2 Beta Version Usability Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.2.1 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.2.2 Tasks Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.2.3 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 4.2.4 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 System Usability Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Usability Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.3 Alpha Version Usability Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.3.1 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4.3.2 Tasks Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4.3.3 Questionnaire Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 4.3.4 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4.3.5 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Questionnaire Analysis - Task Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Questionnaire Analysis - System Usability Assessments . . . . . 37 Task Time Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.3.6 Usability Problems Compilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Overall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Single-Day Crop Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Multiple-Day Crop Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Environment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Environmental Data Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Logout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Workflow and Structure Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5 Conclusions and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

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