本論文探討嬌薏絲．凱洛爾．歐慈的《美國殉道者》一書中生命權與選擇權爭辯頡頏與協商和解之議題。藉由路德殺戮外科醫生格斯的暴力行為，歐慈再現極端的基本教義派對美國社會文化的衝擊。本論文從社會與宗教層面，剖析階級、性別與創傷之辯證關係。
馬克思在費爾巴哈的宗教理論基礎上，闡述資本家如何利用宗教無限延宕的救贖，剝削與壓迫勞工，進而鞏固資本主的意識形態。當工人無謂地等待救贖時，工人與他們生產的產品、工人自我，以及家庭的異化會變得更為強烈，其社會處境亦呈現每下愈況之勢。在《美國殉道者》一書中，路德和格斯二人的心路歷程之對照，適足以驗證路德的宗教狂熱，以及格斯無宗教信仰的緣由。而小說家對於兩組女性角色——道恩和娜奧米的回憶，瑪德琳與梅追尋自我之過程——個性之摹繪，亦清楚勾勒女性主體在宗教影響下的面貌。
本論文分析宗教作為意識形態和文化工業產物，促使工人無意識地接受佔據主導地位的統治階級的領導。宗教對於啟迪人心，引導向善，穩定社會，有其不可或缺的積極作用。宗教信仰是每一個人的權利與自由；若將自己的信仰強加於他人，甚或以上帝之名行謀殺之實，則應受譴責。

This thesis probes into the issue on pro-life and pro-choice contentions in Joyce Carol Oates’s A Book of American Martyrs. Oates depicts the murder of the surgeon, Gus Voorhees, by a fanatic, Luther Dunphy, to represent the impact of the atrocities and callousness of religious fundamentalists on the American society. The thesis illustrates the dialectical rapport among class, gender and trauma from social and religious perspectives.
On the basis of Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach’s religion theories, Karl Marx explains how capitalists maneuver the deferred redemption intrinsic of religion per se to exploit and oppress workers and re-enforce capitalism proper. When workers wait for salvation endlessly, they are alienated from the products that they produce, from themselves and their families. In the novel, the transformation of Luther and Gus provides a convincible account for Luther’s frenzy and Gus’s irreligion. Moreover, the representation of two sets of female characters—Dawn’s and Naomi’s recollections, and the search for identity by Madelena and Mae—demonstrates the multi-faceted images of female subjectivity under religion influence.
This thesis discusses argues that the workers are unconsciously subjected to the governmence of the dominant group via the conceptualization of religious ideology and religious culture industry. Religion plays an essential and positive role in consoling people’s mind, solidifying the society, and initiating people to virtues. It is the individual’s right and freedom to believe in any religious denominations. But it should be condemned to impose one’s belief on the others, or even to commit murder ruthlessly in the name of God.

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