Cr, Fe, Mo, Si, Ti 添加對機械合金法製作高性能TiC/20wt.%Ni超硬瓷金之影響

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研究生：	顏宏 Yen, Hung
論文名稱：	Cr, Fe, Mo, Si, Ti 添加對機械合金法製作高性能TiC/20wt.%Ni超硬瓷金之影響 Study the Influences of Adding Cr, Fe, Mo, Si and Ti on High Performance TiC/20wt.%Ni Cermet System by Mechanical Alloying
指導教授：	林樹均 Lin, Su-Jien
口試委員:	吳振名 Wu, Jhen-Ming 洪健龍 Hong, Jian-Long 李勝隆 Li, Sheng-Long
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2018
畢業學年度：	106
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	303
中文關鍵詞：	粉末冶金、液相燒結、瓷金、高熵合金、機械合金
外文關鍵詞：	Powder metallurgy, Liquid sintering, Cermet, High entropy alloy, Mechanical alloying
相關次數：	點閱：1 下載：0
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本研究以 TiC/Ni 超硬瓷金為發展主體，在 Ni 膠結相添加 Cr、Fe、Mo、Si以及Ti 元素，期望能抑制 TiC 粗化，使膠結合金有高硬度以及適當的破裂韌性表現，由二元膠結相探討其添加元素對於TiC/Ni 超硬瓷金之影響，了解各元素其作用後以利後續發展。由於高熵合金的效應，本研究進而將膠結相由低元元素添加提升至高元元素添加，透過元素互相抑制TiC晶粒的成長與其各元素之優點。
首先透過 Thermo-Calc 進行相圖之模擬並分析評估適當燒結溫度，並以機械合金法製備 TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti 超硬瓷金粉末，再使用水平爐管，在適當的燒結溫度與真空環境下，進行液相燒結製成TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti 超硬瓷金。
本實驗成功製備出TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti超硬瓷金，性能最佳者為 TiC/20wt%(NiCr0.5Ti0.1) ，其燒結緻密度達 99.4% ，硬度值高達 HV30 2008，破裂韌性仍有 9.6 MPa•m1/2；明顯優於傳統液相燒結 TiC/Ni 超硬瓷金。而此瓷金在擦損磨耗試驗中，有最大的磨耗阻抗24.2 m/mm3，在切削測試中，切削不同基板 FWBW的量測中，都有最小的磨耗量，分別為329.74μm (304SS)及156.11μm (SKD11)，本研究所開發出TiC瓷金之機械性質、耐磨耗性質及切削性質皆優於當前的商用瓷金。因此，此研究系統深具刀具及鑽頭的商業應用潛力。

In this study, we use the TiC/Ni cermet as basis compostion and add Cr, Fe, Mo, Si and Ti element in the Ni binder phase, hoping that can cause the inhibition of TiC grain growth and coarsening as well as make the cermet own the high hardness and fracture toughness and know the influence of adding each element in the TiC-based cermet so that we can devolped the mutli-element binder phase cermet. Due to the High-Entropy effect, adding element to form mutli-element binder to ease the grain growth and get better properties of each element in this study.
Firstly, we use the Thermo-Calc TCNI5 database to simulate the phase diagram so that we can know the thermodynamic data of the cermet. Next, using the HEBM method forms the TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti composite powder. Finally, sintering the composite powder on 1380℃ in the vacuum horizontal furnace to get the TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti cermet.
In this study, we have successfully prepared TiC/ Cr-Fe-Mo-Ni-Si-Ti cermet. The best composition is TiC/20wt. %( NiCr0.5Ti0.1) which R.S.D. is 99.4%, hardness is HV30 2008 and fracture tougheness still has 9.6 MPa•m1/2. The maximum wear resistance is 24.2 m / mm3. In the cutting test, the minimum FWBW is 329.74μm (304SS) and 156.11μm (SKD11).The mechanical properties, wear properties and cutting properties are superior to the current commercial cermets.

Abstract    I
摘要    II
致謝    III
目錄    VIII
表目錄    XII
圖目錄    XVII
   前言    1
   文獻回顧    4
1    超硬合金    4
1.1    超硬合金與瓷金簡介    4
1.2    超硬合金與瓷金之發展歷史與趨勢    8
1.3 超硬合金與瓷金之應用    16
2    影響超硬合金的因素    17
2.1 硬質相的選擇    17
2.2    碳化物的選擇    18
2.3    膠結相的選擇    21
3    粉末製備技術    27
3.1    機械合金法之簡介與原理    27
3.2    影響機械合金的因素    31
4    燒結機制    39
4.1    固相燒結    40
4.2    液相燒結    43
4.3    奈米級粉末燒結    49
4.4    熱壓燒結    51
4.5    有機添加物    54
  實驗步驟    55
1    實驗流程與試片代號命名    55
1.1實驗流程    55
1.2試片代號命名    59
2    合金粉末之製備    63
3    粉末冶金之製程    68
3.1.    混和粉末之製備    68
3.2.    水平低能量球磨    68
4    壓錠燒結流程    70
4.1.    粉末過篩、壓錠成型    70
4.2.    脫脂、除氣及真空爐管燒結    71
5    性質量測與其他分析    73
5.1    模擬相圖 (Thermo-calc 熱力學模擬)    73
5.2    緻密度分析    73
5.3    微結構觀察與成分分析    74
5.4    相組成分析 (XRD)    75
5.5    維氏硬度量測與破裂韌性    76
5.6    擦損磨耗(Pin-on-belt)試驗    78
5.7    銑刀切削測試    80
5.8 圖像分析 (ImageJ)    82
  結果與討論    84
1    標準試片(TiC/20Ni)探討    84
2    成份改良探討(二元系統)    92
2.1 添加Cr    92
2.2 添加 Fe    111
2.3    添加 Mo    127
2.4    添加 Si    143
2.5    添加Ti    157
2.6 二元系列總探討    171
3    成份改良探討(多元系統)    180
3.1 膠結相三元添加系統    180
3.2 膠結相四元添加系統    195
3.3 膠結相五元添加系統    212
4   成份改良總探討    222
4.1    膠結相成分、微結構以及相組成    222
4.2 燒結後瓷金相成分、微結構以及相組成    224
4.3 燒結後瓷金緻密度及機械性質    225
5    擦損磨耗(Pin-on-belt)測試    230
6    銑刀切削測試    243
6.1 一吋試片製備    248
6.2 切削304不鏽鋼    255
6.3 切削SKD11冷工具鋼    273
  結論    286
  建議未來研究方向    289
  引用文獻    291


                                

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