本篇論文主要目的是探索美國原住民在文學作品中展現的新意識 ，尤其在喬依哈喬的詩作當中。這股美國原住民新意識跟以往的憤怒與絕望不同，而是一種積極的想法取代以往的破碎記憶與自我認同。
喬依哈喬在詩作中運用了許多原住民部落傳統的元素；同時由於美國原住民流離的歷史背景，也有股孤寂的氣氛籠罩在她的作品當中。哈喬在寫作手法上巧妙的結合本格詩學結構與部落吟唱的口傳傳統，使部落吟唱傳統得以化為文字，以嶄新面貌並蘊含新時代意義地躍然紙上。美國原住民的獨特生態意識與豐富的自然譬喻也在在出現這位詩人的作品當中，如此更加強的其作品的文化力量。其中萬物皆有關聯並互相影響的概念更是提供了快速變遷的世界一個不同的視野與歸屬感。
哈喬的作品除了具備與其他原住民寫作相同的特性以外，她也擷取了部落集體記憶，並且積極面對過去的傷痛，呈現出強烈的生存與存續的新意識。她代表了新一代印地安人的新意識；她回顧並擁抱過去的傳統價值與思考模式。哈喬深信在現代多元文化社會，唯有回歸傳統方可不隨波逐流地堅定保有自我部落意識。
美國原住民的詩作可以被視作口傳文學的新形式，而且根據文獻這種新形式在歷史文化脈絡中可成為原始文化的延續。更精確的說，哈喬展現了一種讓弱勢文化延續並保持文化完整性的獨特方法。都市化的現代印地安人們也因此可以保有獨立的自我與部落意識。 過去的集體記憶對原住民文化延續的重要性，以及文學作品在這過程中的角色也得以顯現。

The aim of this study is to explore the Native American consciousness represented in literary works, especially in Joy Harjo’s poetry. Instead of anger and despair, the new native consciousness of nowadays are more positive, more integrity rather than fragments.
Joy Harjo draws various energies from her background to her poetry. First, from the historical context of Indian people, a desolate situation and lonely atmosphere still exists, and even dominates. Also, the idea of ecological interdependence and rich metaphors derived from her tribal experiences strengthen the cultural power of her poetry. More, she ingeniously combines the elements of storytelling and chanting into written forms, giving native poetry a role of tradition-carrier and a new meaning. The religious beliefs of connection of the natural world may provide modern people a new thought of belonging. In addition to general characteristics of native writers, Harjo possesses a stronger idea of continuance and survival by recalling collective memories and facing the past of Indians without fear and shame. She presents a new consciousness of the new Indian generation which respects the ancestors and past in order to earn a future with roots. She is no more an urban Indian without choices but she could live like a real Indian.
The role of Native American poetry is a new and particular form and representation of oral traditions, as previous studies have suggested and it would continue to play as an agency of primeval cultures in a historical context. More specifically, Joy Harjo shows a unique way to preserve personal and cultural integrity and how could an urbanized Native American maintain a sense of self and tribe. Thus, the idea that the collective memory is essential in Native culture and also a role that mirrors her significance in Native literature is developed.

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