Using Wireless Sensors to Build Mobility Models for the Water Flow Environment

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研究生：	許勝雯 Shang-Wen Hsu
論文名稱：	Using Wireless Sensors to Build Mobility Models for the Water Flow Environment 利用無線感測器建立適用於水流環境的運動模型
指導教授：	金仲達 Chung-Ta King
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 資訊系統與應用研究所 Institute of Information Systems and Applications
論文出版年：	2008
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	60
中文關鍵詞：	無線感測網路、運動模型、土石流
外文關鍵詞：	wireless sensor networks, mobility models
相關次數：	點閱：1 下載：0
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近年來關於無線感測網路的研究愈來愈多，小型且便宜的無線感測器，除了擁有佈建容易的優點外，微小的外型使得感測器能更接近欲觀測物體或是現象，提供即時且直接的量測數據。這些感測器利用無線通訊的方式收集數據，在時效內將這些資料傳送到後端的伺服器(sinks)。在本篇研究論文中，我們利用無線感應器的特性，以協助研究適用於描述物體在水流環境的運動模型。首先我們在無線感測器(Telosb)上加裝GPS模組，然後將所有改良過的無線感測器放入河流中，讓感測器隨著河流漂動。在感測器移動的同時收集移動軌跡和運動行為的資料，我們利用這些資料導出運動模型所需要的參數，最後利用現有的運動模型合成出軌跡資料，並且與真實的運動軌跡比較，評估這些運動模型描述物體行為在水流環境的能力。從我們的實驗結果可以得知現有的運動模型並不適用於水流環境，主要的原因是，這些模型缺乏描述地形的參數。因此，我們提出了涵蓋地形因素的運動模型以及描述物體在水流環境遇到障礙物的運動模型，並且將模擬的軌跡資料與真實的軌跡資料比較，以展現出我們提出的運動模型適用於水流環境的能力。

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been studied extensively in recent years. The tiny and inexpensive wireless sensors can be deployed close to the target objects or phenomena to provide in-situ and direct measurements and to transmit the collected data to the back-end sinks in real-time through wireless connections. In this thesis, we take advantages of this characteristic of WSNs and apply it to study the mobility models of objects in a water flow. We first modify off-the-shelf wireless sensor nodes to include GPS modules. The sensors are then put on a river to collect real trajectory data when the node drifts in the river. The raw data are used to derive the parameters for representative mobility models under study. Finally, the synthetic trajectories out of these mobility models are compared with real data to evaluate their ability of modeling moving objects in water flows. Our evaluations show that existing mobility models cannot model mobile objects in water flows very well, primarily due to a lack of topographic modeling. We then propose new mobility models that take into account of topography as well as obstacles in the water flow. The new models are evaluated again using the collected real data to show their ability to model moving objects in the water flows.

ABSTRACT    ii
Table of Contents    iii
List of Figures    v
Chapter 1.    Introduction    1
1    Mobility Models    2
2    Research Methodology    4
3    Thesis Outline    5
Chapter 2.    Related Works    6
1    Synthetic Mobility Model    6
1.1    Temporal dependency case    7
1.2    Spatial dependency case    7
1.3    Geographic restriction case    8
2    Trace-Based Mobility Model    8
Chapter 3.    Evaluation of Mobility Models    12
1    Representative Existing Mobility Models    12
1.1    GM model    13
1.2    Modified fluid mechanics mobility model    14
1.3    RPGM model    18
2    Experiment Setup of Collecting Real Data    20
3    Experimental Results of Collecting Real Data    23
4    Evaluation of Existing Mobility Models    27
4.1    Evaluations setup    28
4.2    Results of evaluations    29
Chapter 4.    Proposed Mobility Models    34
1    Spatial Reference Point Group Mobility Model    34
2    Implementation of the spatial RPGM model    38
2.1    Building the pre-defined environment    38
2.2    Implementation    40
3    Obstacle Mobility Model    41
Chapter 5.    Evaluation    45
1    Verify the Spatial RPGM Model    45
1.1    Experiment setup    45
1.2    Analysis result    46
2    The Analysis of Characteristics    52
2.1    Experiment setup    52
2.2    Analysis result    54
Chapter 6.    Conclusion    57
Bibliography    59

                                

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