循環冷卻水系統為核電廠重要系統之一，冷卻水系統主要結構為碳鋼與304不銹鋼，有發生均勻腐蝕與局部腐蝕的可能性。對於均勻腐蝕，可利用腐蝕抑制劑進行防護與管理，而局部腐蝕如沈積物下的局部腐蝕抑或微生物腐蝕，可能造成非預期的破損進而影響運轉安全，對於微生物腐蝕對於管道系統造成的危害，在國內外也有諸多報導。目前核一廠兩座機組處於除役過渡階段，然而除役過渡階段之用過核子燃料所具有的輻射強度以及釋出之熱源，並無法讓停機過渡階段之各區域達到抑制微生物生長之條件。
故本實驗利用表面分析技術、質量損失、極化掃描和電化學阻抗譜(EIS)等電化學測量技術，研究硫酸鹽還原菌(SRB)在核電廠冷卻迴路溫度平均溫度下(40℃)與多數管材料碳鋼、熱交換管與閥件使用的304不銹鋼與出現於焊接熱影響區之敏化304不銹鋼之交互作用、腐蝕行為與電化學特徵。結果表明SRB生物膜之細胞外聚合物(EPS)形成的屏障作用將抑制碳鋼的均勻腐蝕，而當生物膜成熟後，SRB厭氧呼吸與EPS協同作用對碳鋼造成局部腐蝕。對於304不銹鋼與敏化304不銹鋼，SRB並不會直接參與腐蝕，而是代謝產生的HS-使鈍化層發生改性，使其對於腐蝕抵抗性更弱。雷射共軛焦顯微鏡(CLSM)結果也表明，SRB對於碳鋼附著力強且觀察大量菌群聚集，但在不銹鋼表面附著力非常薄弱，故認為SRB對於不銹鋼腐蝕行為為間接影響。

The coolant systems is one of the important systems in nuclear power plants, carbon steel and stainless steel as the main material of coolant systems, there is a possibility of uniform corrosion and localized corrosion. For uniform corrosion, corrosion inhibitors can be used for protection and management, and localized corrosion, such as microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC), may cause unintended damage and then affect the safety of operation. The damage caused by MIC to piping systems has been widely reported. However, the radiation intensity and the heat source emitted from the spent under nuclear fuel during the decommissioning transition phase were not enough to inhibit the growth of microorganisms at the locations.
In this experiment, the surface analysis technique, mass change, electrochemical measurement techniques such as polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the interaction, corrosion behavior and electrochemical characteristics of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) with the carbon steel, 304 stainless steel and sensitized 304 stainless steel at the average temperature of 40°C in the cooling circuit of a nuclear power plant. The results showed that the barrier formed by the extracellular polymer substance (EPS) of SRB biofilm formation would inhibit the general corrosion of carbon steel, and the anaerobic respiration of SRB and high concentration of EPS would oxidize iron and cause localized corrosion when the biofilm matured. In addition, SRB would not directly participate in the corrosion of 304SS and sensitized 304SS, but the HS - produced by metabolism would change the passivation layer and make it less resistant to corrosion. The results of CLSM also showed that SRB had strong adhesion on carbon steel and observed a lot of bacteria colonies. On the other hand, the adhesion on the surface of stainless steel was weaker and the number of bacteria observed on the surface was also lower, and consequently SRB had an indirect effect on the corrosion behavior of stainless steel.

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