本論文主要是以模擬的方式探討在抽樣比例小時，以歸還取樣（sampling with replacement）的方式取得樣本，則Burnham and Overton（1978, 1979） 提出的摺刀估計量、Chao ( 1984） 提出的下界估計量、Chao and Lee ( 1992 ) 與Ashbridge and Goudie ( 2000 ) 提出的樣本涵蓋估計量及Chao and Bunge（2002）提出的重複訊息估計量在母體種類相對豐富度不同時有何不同的表現。文中先介紹各個估計量，再推導估計量的估計變異數。最後以Zipf模式模擬與實例分析比較估計量的表現，並建議一個較適合使用在小樣本的估計量。

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