塑膠吸管被大眾廣泛應用於飲用飲品中，並已被證明是餐廳的有用工具。另一方面，過度使用會產生大量的塑膠垃圾，造成對環境有害，並可能傷害瀕臨滅絕的物種。隨著近年來環保意識抬頭，市面上也有業者陸續提出塑膠吸管的替代品，例如:紙吸管。然而，當歐盟決定於2026年開始啟動碳邊境調整機制 (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, CBAM)後，難保未來這些塑膠吸管替代品也會被列入管制範圍的可能性，因而更加墊高了吸管的採購成本。
個案為一間以蒲草作為原料的吸管製造公司，從原料端的蒲草種植到成品端的吸管生產皆完全由該公司負責。透過本次研究，針對蒲草吸管進行了比較生命週期評估(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)從搖籃到大門的整個過程，旨在估算該產品的潛在碳排。
透過計算生命週期評估來預測未來歐盟邊境調整機制的定價將導致蒲草吸管在歐盟市場上具有競爭力。研究結果顯示，歐盟課徵碳邊境調整機制後，單位蒲草吸管碳排放量為1.295g CO₂e、單位碳費成本為1.17 x 10-4 美元/支。比較市售常見的塑膠吸管與紙吸管，單位塑膠吸管碳排放量為1.45g CO₂e、單位碳費成本為1.30 x 10-4 美元/支、相對單位蒲草吸管之碳排放增加率11.54 %；單位紙吸管碳排放量為1.38g CO₂e、單位碳費成本為1.24 x 10-4 美元/支、相對單位蒲草吸管之碳排放增加率6.15 %，單位蒲草吸管之碳排放量皆優於兩者。蒲草吸管未來須加速進行在土壤碳匯和植物碳匯的方法學研究及認證上，擴大負碳效益，降低單位蒲草吸管碳排放量，使其更具有好的商業優勢。藉此，我們更能有效率地取代市面上相對碳排較高的其他材料吸管，使得減少更多的溫室氣體排放。
最後，蒲草作為具有可生物分解的家庭堆肥生態吸管，可以減少海洋廢棄物的危害和減少海洋與陸地上的微塑料，實現真正的永續發展目標。

Plastic straws have been widely used by the public for consuming beverages and have proven to be useful tools for restaurants. However, excessive use results in a significant amount of plastic waste, harming the environment and potentially endangering species. With the rise in environmental awareness in recent years, businesses have been introducing alternatives to plastic straws, such as paper straws. However, with the European Union's (EU) decision to implement the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) starting in 2026, there's a possibility that these plastic straw alternatives might also fall under regulatory scrutiny, thus further increasing the procurement cost of straws.

As a case study, a company manufacturing straws using a kind of grass called, Lepironia articulate, as the raw material handles the entire process from grass cultivation to straw production. Through this study, a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted for three common types of straws (paper, polylactic acid (PLA), and Lepironia articulata) to quantify their potential carbon emissions throughout their life cycle, aiming to predict the competitiveness of grass straws in the EU market under the future pricing adjustments of the CBAM.
By calculating the LCA, we can predict that the future pricing of the EU CBAM will make grass straws competitive in the EU market. The study shows that after the EU imposes the CBAM, the carbon emissions per unit grass straw is 1.295 g CO₂e, the carbon cost per unit straw is $1.17 x 10⁻⁴. In comparison, plastic straw carbon emissions per unit is 1.45 g CO₂e, the carbon cost per unit straw is $1.30 x 10⁻⁴, 11.54% higher carbon emissions than grass straws; paper straw carbon emissions per unit is 1.38 g CO₂e, the carbon cost per unit straw $1.24 x 10⁻⁴, 6.15% higher carbon emissions than grass straws.
In the future, grass straws must expedite research and certification in methodologies related to soil carbon sequestration and plant carbon sinks. Expanding their negative carbon benefits and reducing the carbon emissions per unit of grass straw will further enhance their commercial advantage. By doing so, we can more effectively replace other high-carbon-emission materials used for straws, contributing to greater reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Grass straws, as biodegradable and home compostable eco-friendly alternatives, can reduce the harm of marine debris and decrease micro plastics in both oceans and land, contributing to the achievement of genuine sustainable development goals.

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其他
1.The Freedonia Group。(https://www.freedoniagroup.com/ )
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