金屬奈米粒子的研究：形狀控制以及異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用

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研究生：	楊博淵 Yang, Po-Yuan
論文名稱：	金屬奈米粒子的研究：形狀控制以及異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用 The Study of Metal Nanoparticles :Shape Control and Synthesis of Heterostructures on Photocatalytic Reaction
指導教授：	段興宇 Tuan, Hsing-Yu
口試委員:	湯學成 Tang, Shiue-Cheng 曾院介 Tseng, Yuan-Chieh
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2012
畢業學年度：	100
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	87
中文關鍵詞：	奈米粒子、銅、形狀演化
外文關鍵詞：	nanoparticles, copper, morphological evolution
相關次數：	點閱：1 下載：0
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經由有機熱溶劑合成銅/氧化鋅異質結構，並由熱注射法將奈米成核與生長的過程分開，進而得到尺寸均一的奈米粒子。我們探討反應溫度及注射方式的改變對於銅/氧化鋅異質結構的影響。藉由調整這些變因，我們利用氯化銅以及醋酸鋅於油胺還原下，合成出銅粒徑約40奈米、氧化鋅殼層厚度約4奈米之高結晶性異質結構，並經由表面改質轉移至水相，應用於光催化反應上。我們建立在實驗室已完成金/硒化鎘異質結構之合成下，更進一步分析其殼層結構，並利用硝酸鎘及硼氫化鈉成功的控制其硒化鎘殼層厚度，並分析吸收值以及螢光訊號之檢測，並進行雙光子冷光顯影以及光催化反應之測試，探討核殼結構對硒化鎘在光學方面的影響與應用。
利用磷酸三辛酯(TOP)以及油胺於高溫下還原氯化亞銅，藉由調整氯化亞銅之濃度以及反應時間調整其反應程度，成功製備出形狀演化上的銅奈米粒子。其產物我們觀察X光繞射圖譜分析各結晶面之情形，以及檢測吸收值來確定其光學性質，並藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察其表面影像，以及穿隧式電子顯微鏡觀看其投影影像，精確分析其的表面形狀及其演化上的合理性。

We synthesize copper/zinc oxide heterostructures (Cu/ZnO) by thermal decomposition methods and separate the nucleation and growth process by hot injection method, and then obtaining the nanoparticles with the almost same size. We work on the influence of different reaction temperature and the type of injection. By controlling both of the factors, we can synthesize highly crystalline heterostructures with copper nanoparticles of forty nanometers and the zinc oxide shell of the thickness of four nanometers. We transfer Cu/ZnO into water phase, and alloy to the photocatalttic reaction. We are based on the done work of the synthesis of gold/cadmium selenide heterostructures, analyzing further the shell structure. We use cadmium nitrate and sodium borohydride to control the CdSe shell thickness, and analyze the absorption values and measure the photoluminescence signal. In addition we measure two-photon luminescence imaging as well as the photocatalytic reaction.
We use TOP and oleylamine to reduce copper chloride at high temperature. By tuning the concentration of copper chloride and the reaction time to prepare copper nanocrystals with morphology evolution.We observe X-ray diffraction patterns to analyze the crystalline structure, and observe absorption values to determine optical properties. Analyzing SEM images and TEM images to Analyze the surface morphology and the rationality of its evolution.

中文摘要 ............................................... I
Abstract ............................................. II
誌謝 .................................................. III
目錄 .................................................. IV
圖目錄 ................................................. VI
表目錄 ................................................. XI
第一章 緒論 ............................................. 1
1-1奈米材料 ............................................. 1
1-2奈米粒子於有機溶劑中合成 ................................ 2
1-3銅奈米粒子發展 ........................................ 4
1-4金奈米粒子發展 ........................................ 7
第二章 異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用 ......................... 9
一、 文獻回顧 ............................................ 9
1-1奈米異質結構特性 ....................................... 9
1-2 金奈米柱於雙光子誘發螢光之檢測 .......................... 10
1-3 金屬/半導體異質結構合成 ................................ 11
1-4 金屬/半導體異質結構於光催化應用 .......................... 12
1-5 已完成金/硒化鎘異質結構之合成 ............................ 15
1-6 實驗動機 ............................................. 20
二、 實驗內容 ............................................. 21
2-1銅/氧化鋅異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用 ..................... 21
2-1.1實驗藥品 ............................................ 21
2-1.2實驗步驟 ............................................ 21
2-1.3實驗儀器 ............................................ 23
2-2金/硒化鎘異質結構合成於光催化反應應用 ....................... 23
2-2.1實驗藥品 ............................................ 23
2-2.2 實驗步驟 ........................................... 24
2-2.3實驗儀器 ............................................ 25
三、 結果與討論 ............................................ 27
3-1銅/氧化鋅異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用 ..................... 27
3-1.1銅/氧化鋅異質結構的特性描述.............................. 27
3-1.2 反應溫度對於銅/氧化鋅異質結構合成的影響 .................. 30
3-1.3注射方式對於銅/氧化鋅異質結構合成的影響 ................... 31
3-1.4 銅/氧化鋅異質結構的分析與探討 .......................... 32
3-1.5 銅/氧化鋅異質結構的表面改質............................ 34
3-1.6 銅/氧化鋅異質結構於紫外光催化下進行亞甲基藍的脫色測試 ....... 35
3-1.7 銅/氧化鋅異質結構之結論 ............................... 40
3-2金/硒化鎘異質結構的合成於光催化反應應用 ..................... 41
3-2.1金/硒化鎘異質結構的合成與鑑定 ........................... 41
3-2.2控制硒化鎘殼層厚度之金/硒化鎘異質結構合成 .................. 45
3-2.3金/硒化鎘異質結構之光學性質以及雙光子冷光顯影 ............... 47
3-2.4金/硒化鎘異質結構於光催化反應應用 ........................ 50
3-2.5 金/硒化鎘異質結構之結論 ............................... 51
第三章 合成以八面體為基礎的銅奈米粒子之形狀控制 .................. 52
一、 文獻回顧 ............................................. 52
2-1實驗動機 .............................................. 60
二、 實驗部分 ............................................. 61
2-1 實驗藥品 ............................................. 61
2-2實驗步驟 .............................................. 61
2-3實驗儀器 .............................................. 62
三、 結果與討論 ........................................... 63
四、 結論 ................................................ 77
第四章 參考文獻 ........................................... 78
                                

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