研究生: |
王靖芳 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
國小教師發問行為之研究 |
指導教授: | 簡紅珠 |
口試委員: | |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
|
論文出版年: | 2005 |
畢業學年度: | 93 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 140 |
中文關鍵詞: | 國小教師 、國語教師 、發問行為 、學業成就 、學生性別 |
外文關鍵詞: | elementary school teachers, Chinese language teachers, questioning behavior, academic achievement, gender of the students |
相關次數: | 點閱:2 下載:0 |
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摘 要
本研究目的在了解並探討國小國語科教學過程中,教師的發問行為—包括問題類型與比例、候答與理答行為等等,並試圖瞭解教師面對不同學業成就的學生(本研究分為高、中、低學業成就三種學生)進行發問時,其發問行為是否有所差異?以及教師面對不同性別的學生進行發問時,其發問行為是否有所差異?研究者將採用錄音、教室觀察、現場記錄、訪談與文件蒐集等研究方法,以四位國語科教師為觀察對象,探索個案教師在國小國語課的教學情境中,如何透過發問行為以達到教學目標。期望藉由本次研究之結果,能對從事教育工作者有所助益。
本研究之結論如下:
在教師發問問題類型與比例方面:1.以認知記憶性問題所佔比例較高。2.想像創造與評鑑批判性問題之比例皆偏低。3.教師偏向發問男生常規管理性問題較多。
在教師候答行為方面:1.問題越難候答時間越長,但往往會因課程進度而減短候答時間。2.學生不懂問題時,教師一定會重述。3.趕課壓力造成教師不自覺的自問自答。4.希望透過一問多答讓學生聽到多元的答案。5.指名學生回答可訓練學生口語表達與組織思考的能力
在教師理答行為方面:1.教師給予鼓勵次數偏低,並以口頭讚美為主。2.透過匡補探究讓學生有更深、更廣的學習。3.妥善處理學生答錯之窘境的情況較少。4.歸納答案最常見。
在教師發問行為與學生學業成就之關係上:1.教師指名高學業成就學生回答問題的機率最高。2.在候答行為上,專家老師與新手老師之呈現結果較相近。3.教師對不同學業成就學生之理答行為各不相同。
在教師發問行為與學生性別之關係上:1.教師對男學生進行發問之次數普遍高於女學生。2.教師多以主動舉手的學生為優先回答問題之考量。3.教師對男女學生的發問行為有差異。4.對男學生的消極性處罰行為或負面批評較多。
最後本研究則依據研究結果提出幾點建議供師培機構以及國小國語教師做為參考。
關鍵字:國小教師、國語教師、發問行為、學業成就、學生性別
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to explore the elementary school Chinese language teachers’ questioning behavior in classroom teaching. The sample for this study was four 5th grade Chinese language teachers. The methods for data collection were tape recording, observation, and interview.
The main findings of this study were as follows:
1.The teachers asked cognitive memory questions most frequently. On the contrary, few of imaginative, creative, judgmental or criticizing questions were asked.
2.The teachers tended to direct more managerial questions toward male students.
3.The more difficult questions the teachers asked, the more wait- time the teachers provided.
4.The teachers would repeat the questions when their students did not understand the questions.
5.Because of time constraint, the teachers were unconsciously doing both question-asking and question-answering .
6.Designating students to answer the question could improve their oral expression and orderly thinking. The teachers tended to designate the students of high academic achievement to answer the questions.
7.The teachers praised student responses.
8.The teachers tended to ask male students more questions than female students. The teachers also had different types of questioning behavior toward different gender.
9.Students who volunteered to answer the question would often be called on to answer the question.
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