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研究生: 劉蓁璇
Liu, Chen-Hsuan
論文名稱: 運用原住民知識之幼兒方案課程在雙語與科學實作之學習成效
The Effects of A Project in Kindergarten Based on Indigenous Knowledge: Bilingual Performances and Scientific Practices
指導教授: 辛靜婷
Hsin, Ching-Ting
口試委員: 張菀真
Chang, Wan-Chen
林宜慧
Lin, Yi-Hui
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 竹師教育學院 - 幼兒教育學系
Early Childhood Education
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 101
中文關鍵詞: 原住民方案課程雙語課程科學實作
外文關鍵詞: Indigenous, curriculum-based, bilingual program, scientific practices
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  • 多元的族群日益漸增,社會的型態逐漸走向多元化。而社會也有越來越多的語言復興政策,隨著社會政策以及教育型態的改變,而有許多幼兒園教學也藉由這樣的發展,提供幼兒更多元化的學習。因此本研究旨在探討運用原住民知識本位方案課程對幼兒的族語及華語還有科學實作的學習成效。本研究採用多重個案研究法,研究中有七名中大班幼兒,並透過課堂觀察以及族語和科學實作測驗作為主要資料來源。在課程進行前,透過科學實作測驗測量幼兒的科學實作能力,並藉由原住民當地的相關資源作為方案課程的主題,在實施課程的同時也採用族語、華語並進的雙語教學,並於課程結束後針對幼兒進行科學實作測驗以及族語測驗。藉由課堂觀察了解幼兒真實的學習狀況,並從與老師、同學的討論、互動,觀察幼兒在雙語方面以及科學實作能力上的展現。將蒐集的資料進行轉譯並輸入至分析軟體Nvivo中進行編碼。透過質性資料的分析,發展資料中的族語、華語以及科學實作編碼。在編碼架構中,族語包含族語完整句、族語單字以及華族語混和句。華語部分則是分為會話輪替次數以及平均語句長度作為編碼架構。第三部分則是科學實作,共分為初步觀察、初步嘗試、提出預測、規劃、設計、系統性觀察、操作、測量、紀錄、實驗、分享、討論。本研究結果發現以下幾點:(一)幼兒在華語會話輪替的次數上無明顯進步;(二)隨著課程進行,針對教師的題問,幼兒回應的次數及人數有增加;(三)族語能力上為族語單字較常被使用,且族語測驗中,僅有兩位幼兒的單字分數過半,分數過半的幼兒,在課堂表現中也較好,且有單獨使用族語的經驗;(四)在科學實作方面,從測驗結果發現前後測分數並無明顯進步,結合質性資料發現較常投入課程,且能表達自身經驗與想法的幼兒,在測驗分數中也有所提升。本研究期望透過符合原住民知識本位的方案課程發展幼兒的雙語與科學實作,並將原住民知識本位課程發展到其他地區,同時也促進原住民地區的幼兒能夠獲得更多的科學實作能力,並同時發展母語的能力。


    The diversity of ethnic groups is increasing, leading to a gradual shift towards a more diversified society. As society adopts more language revitalization policies, there are numerous changes occurring in social policies and educational methods. This has also influenced many kindergarten teachings to provide children with more diverse learning opportunities. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of implementing a curriculum based on Indigenous knowledge on children's learning outcomes in their Indigenous language, Mandarin Chinese, and scientific practices.
    This research employs a multiple-case study approach, involving seven children from a middle class in kindergarten. Classroom observations and assessments in both the Indigenous language and scientific practices serve as the primary sources of data. Prior to implementing the curriculum, a scientific practices assessment is conducted to measure the children's scientific practices. The curriculum, centered around local Indigenous resources, is conducted bilingually in both the Indigenous language and Mandarin Chinese. After the curriculum concludes, the children undergo assessments in scientific practices and the Indigenous language.
    Through classroom observations, the genuine learning situations of the children are understood. Their performances in bilingualism and scientific practices are observed through discussions and interactions with teachers and peers. The collected data are transcribed and input into the Nvivo analysis software for coding. Qualitative data analysis is conducted to develop codes related to the Indigenous language, Mandarin Chinese, and scientific practices. The coding structure for the Indigenous language includes complete sentences, words and hybrid sentences. The Mandarin Chinese segment is divided based on the number of conversational turns and average sentence length. The scientific practices section encompasses Initial observations, doing initial testing, making predictions, making a plan, designing procedures, systematic observations, employing equipment and tools, measuring, recoding, conducting experiments, sharing and discussing.
    The research findings reveal the following points: (1) There is no significant improvement in the number of conversational turns in Mandarin Chinese; (2) As the curriculum progresses, the children's responses to teacher questions increase in frequency and participation; (3) The use of native language is primarily confined to native words, and only two children score above average in the Indigenous language assessment. Those with higher scores also exhibit better performance in the classroom and have experiences of using the Indigenous language independently; (4) In scientific practices, the pre-test and post-test scores show no significant improvement, yet children who actively engage in the curriculum and express their experiences and thoughts demonstrate score enhancement; (5) Both the Indigenous language and scientific practices assessments suggest room for improvement in children's abilities.
    This study aims to develop bilingualism and scientific practicality among children through an Indigenous knowledge-based curriculum, with the aspiration of extending this approach to other regions. Simultaneously, it seeks to enhance children's scientific practices while also fostering proficiency in their native language in Indigenous communities.

    第一章 緒論...................................1 第一節 研究背景與動機...........................1 第二節 研究目的與問題...........................5 第三節 名詞釋義 ...............................5 第二章 文獻探討 ...............................7 第一節 雙語課程的重要性與模式 ...............7 第二節 幼兒語言發展與評量 ...............17 第三節 原住民知識本位方案課程 ...............22 第四節 幼兒科學實作發展.........................31 第三章 研究方法 ...............................40 第一節 研究方法及流程 .......................40 第二節 研究場域與對象 .......................43 第三節 資料蒐集與分析 .......................45 第四節 研究信實度 .......................60 第五節 研究倫理 ...............................62 第四章 研究結果 ...............................63 第一節 幼兒族華語之學習成效 ...............63 第二節 幼兒科學實作學習成效 ...............76 第五章 結論與建議 .......................87 第一節 結論 ...............................87 第二節 討論 ...............................88 第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 ...............90 文獻參考 ...............................92 中文部分 .......................................92 西文部分 .......................................94 附錄 ...............................98 附錄一:家長同意書 .......................98 附錄二:教師同意書 .......................100

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