用於五軸同動加工之即時曲面曲線插補器｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	王嘉源 Jia-Yuan Wang
論文名稱：	用於五軸同動加工之即時曲面曲線插補器 Real-Time Surface Curve Interpolator for Five-Axis Machining
指導教授：	雷衛台 Wei-Tai Lei
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 動力機械工程學系 Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2008
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	51
中文關鍵詞：	即時插補、五軸加工、NURBS 、CNC 、曲面曲線
外文關鍵詞：	real-time interpolation, five-axis machining, NURBS, CNC, surface curve
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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本論文針對五軸曲面加工，為改善傳統資訊處理流程所產生NC碼之問題，導入了STEP-NC參數化輸入之概念，以完整定義之加工參數以及曲面、曲面曲線描述做為五軸曲面加工輸入檔，並在CNC系統內部規劃、實現了相對應的展開模組，使CNC系統具有智慧型規劃五軸曲面加工之能力。此外，為提高即時插補之計算效率，本論文提出了快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補方法，先於線上非即時環境下計算曲面曲線長度，以及建立描述路徑長度與曲線參數關係之路徑長反函式，然後便可以在線上即時環境利用路徑長反函式進行高效率之曲面曲線插補計算。另外插補器還提供了即時刀具指向計算以及三維刀具半徑補正之功能，增加了五軸曲面加工刀具使用之彈性，並且針對不同工件外型以及加工條件，賦予使用者選擇自由刀具指向或是限定刀具指向等不同刀具指向方法之自由，從而使五軸曲面加工可以達到最佳之加工品質。最後，以VC++ 6實現快速即時曲面曲線插補器相關模組於五軸CNC控制系統之中，透過模擬之方式驗證了此曲面曲線插補器有良好之計算效率以及極高之進給精度，並藉由此五軸CNC系統控制五軸機器進行曲面加工之實驗，可以成功加工出自行設計之自由曲面以及凸面、凹面等不同類型之曲面，而證實了本論文提出之研究方法以及相關軟體實現之正確性。

摘要.....................................................Ⅰ
目錄.....................................................Ⅱ
圖目錄...................................................Ⅳ
表目錄...................................................Ⅴ
符號表...................................................Ⅵ

前言...................................................1
文獻回顧...............................................2
1曲面插補相關文獻......................................2
2STEP-NC...............................................3
3快速即時NURBS曲線插補.................................3
4研究目的..............................................4
NURBS 曲面、曲線之描述.................................5
1NURBS 曲線............................................5
2NURBS 曲面............................................5
3NURBS 曲面曲線(CURVE ON SURFACE,CONS).................6
曲面曲線插補之相關計算.................................7
1曲面加工路徑規劃......................................7
2曲面加工重要參數......................................9
3進入曲面(MOVE TO SURFACE)、退出曲面(MOVE OUT SURFACE)
   之相關計算............................................10
3.1進入、退出曲面方向之計算............................10
3.2進入、退出曲面的中繼點之計算........................11
4曲面曲線插補(MOVE ON SURFACE)相關計算.................12
4.1刀具切點插補計算....................................12
4.2自由刀具指向........................................13
4.2.1曲面微分之計算....................................13
4.2.2局部曲率半徑之計算................................13
4.2.3前傾角之計算......................................14
4.2.4刀具指向計算......................................15
4.3限定刀具指向........................................15
4.3.1限定刀具指向之計算................................16
4.3.2限定刀具指向後之相關計算..........................18
4.4三維刀具半徑補償....................................18
快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補..............................19
1現有之曲面插補方法....................................19
2快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補.............................21
2.1快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補之預處理...................22
2.1.1曲面曲線之長度計算................................22
2.1.2反函式之建立......................................23
2.2快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補...........................26
3系統架構..............................................28
4程式實現..............................................29
5快速即時NURBS曲面曲線插補之資訊處理流程...............30
模擬分析與實驗.........................................32
1模擬分析..............................................32
1.1模擬環境............................................32
1.2測試曲面、路徑......................................32
1.3執行時間測試........................................34
1.4進給精度測試........................................34
2實驗..................................................35
2.1實驗環境............................................35
2.2加工曲面、路徑......................................36
2.3加工結果............................................40
結論...................................................43

參考文獻.................................................44
附錄一  NURBS曲面曲線一次微分之計算......................46
附錄二  NURBS曲面二次微分之計算..........................48

                                

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[12] ISO 10303-1, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration-Product Data Representation and Exchange-Part 1: Overview and Fundamental Principles, 1994. [13] ISO 10303-11, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration-Product Data Representation and Exchange-Part 11: Description Methods: The EXPRESS Language Reference Manual, 1994 [14] ISO 10303-21, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration-Product Data Representation and Exchange-Part 21: Implementation Methods: Clear Text Encoding of the Exchange Structure, 1994 [15] ISO 10303-42, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration-Product Data Representation and Exchange-Part 42: Integrated Generic Resources: Geometric and Topological Representation, 1994 [16] 林亮佑，CNC控制器之即時NURBS插補，碩士論文，國立清華大學動力機械研究所，2004 [17] L. Piegl, W. Tiller, The NURBS Book, 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1997 [18] 吳稚逸，基於STEP-NC之五軸曲面加工，碩士論文，國立清華大學動力機械研究所，2004 [19] W.T. Lei,Flaechenorientierte Steuerdatenaufbereitung fuer das fuenfachsige Fraesen, Springer-Verlag, Dissertation, 1992 [20] A. Pressley, Elementary Differential Geometry, London:Springer, 2001 [21] J.D. Faires, R. Burden, Numerical Methods, 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1998 [22] 宋孟沛，快速NURBS路徑插補及幾何誤差補償方法，博士論文，國立清華大學動力機械研究所，2007 45

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