「死亡突顯」是指知覺到死亡無法避免的情境。為了說明死亡突顯情境下的團體認同，過去研究提出「恐懼管理理論」與「團體控制感理論」兩項理論，但兩理論之觀點並不一致，且皆未考慮華人儒家關係主義的文化特性。因此，本研究以實驗法檢驗「死亡突顯」與「團體類型」對「團體認同」的影響。本研究將「死亡突顯」區分為「直接死亡組」、「安樂死組」以及「牙痛組」；「團體類型」區分為「家庭團體」與「報告小組團體」；「團體認同」則是個體對於特定互動團體的認同程度。根據恐懼管理理論可提出假設一：直接死亡組與安樂死組都較牙痛組有較高的家庭認同，且三組之間的報告小組認同無顯著差異。而根據團體控制感理論可提出假設二：直接死亡組的報告小組認同，會高於安樂死組與牙痛組。再者，本研究還探討探討「個體控制感」、「集體效能」和「團體認同」之間的關係。「個體控制感」是指個體具有內在或自主形成的目標，且知覺自己能夠投入特定的目標導向行為；「集體效能」是指個體認為特定團體成員能夠以自主的團體行動來達成共同目標之感受。根據團體控制感理論，本研究提出假設三：任務團體認同是個體控制感和集體效能之間的中介因素。而從儒家關係主義的觀點可提出假設四：集體效能是家庭團體認同感和個體控制感之間的中介因素。本研究於網路招募289位大專校院在校生（平均年齡23.66歲），採取3（死亡突顯）× 2（團體類型）混合設計以檢驗假設一與假設二。針對量化資料的變異數分析結果顯示，「死亡突顯」與「團體類型」之交互作用效果未達顯著。針對質化資料的內容分析則顯示，「直接死亡組」和「安樂死組」都較「牙痛組」更容易聯想提及家人。此結果顯示華人處於死亡突顯下，很可能傾向親近家人。針對假設三和假設四，本研究採問卷法分別檢驗中介模式。結果顯示：（1）「個體控制感」對「報告小組團體認同」之預測效果未達顯著，中介效果不成立。（2）「家庭集體效能」完全中介「家庭集體效能」對「個體控制感」之預測效果。整體而言，本研究較支持恐懼管理理論的觀點，並且需要考慮華人文化之特性。

Mortality salience, referring to the awareness of one's inevitable death, is investigated in this study to understand its influence on individual group identification, considering the cultural context of Confucian relationalism prevalent in Taiwan. Building upon Terror Management Theory (TMT) and Group-Based Control Theory (GBCT), the study proposes contrasting hypotheses and explores their applicability to a Taiwanese. The author hypothesizes that: (1) Base on TMT, family identification will be higher in both death conditions (direct death, euthanasia) compared to the control condition (dental pain), with no difference in reporting group identification. (2) Consistent with GBCT, reporting group identification will be higher in the direct death condition compared to the other two. (3) GBCT also suggests that task group identification mediates the relationship between feeling of control and collective efficacy. (4) Based on Confucian relationalism, family collective efficacy mediates the link between family group identification and feeling of control. The study employed a 3 (mortality salience: direct death, euthanasia, dental pain) x 2 (group type: family, reporting group) mixed design with 289 undergraduates. The results show that (1) no significant interaction effect of mortality salience and group type on group identity was detected and (2) qualitative analysis revealed an increased association with family mentions in both death conditions compared to the control condition. Furthermore, mediation analyses show that (3) no significant mediation effect of feeling of control on report group identification and (4) full mediation of feeling of control by family collective efficacy. The findings provide partial support for TMT, suggesting an increased focus on family under mortality salience within the Chinese context. However, GBCT predictions were not supported, indicating the need for further exploration of cultural nuances. The full mediation effect of family collective efficacy highlights the importance of considering cultural values in understanding group dynamics.

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