在許多國家中的都會地區，由於道路上的車輛數目不斷地增加，使得交通擁塞的問題日益嚴重，這同時也伴隨著耗油增加以及廢氣排放的問題。而藉由動態共乘服務(ride-sharing service)的應用，可以有效地舒緩交通擁塞的程度，其主要的概念是將具有相同旅程起點或終點的旅客們結合在同一台車輛上，如此一來，不但可以降低道路上的車輛數目以達到舒緩交通擁塞，更可以降低油耗以及廢氣排放。在這篇論文中，我們提出了一個使用計程車做為服務提供者的計程車共乘系統並且會以智慧型運輸系統(Intelligent Transportation System, ITS)所提供的即時道路交通資訊做為路徑規畫的依據，與以往僅能需要事先預訂好共乘行程的共乘服務(carpooling service)不同的是，我們的系統可以立即地服務每個共乘需求，此外，也能快速地針對每個共乘需求找出最為省油的計乘車。與其他先前的動態共乘服務不同的是，我們同時也設計了一個篩選的步驟，透過這個步驟可以降低每個共乘需求的配對比較數量，進一步降低比對時間以及無線通訊負擔。藉由模擬的結果，能看出我們的動態共乘系統相較於先前的動態共乘系統，在節省耗油上有更佳的表現。

Traffic congestion is a serious problem in urban areas of many countries due to the increasing amount of vehicles on surface streets and accompanies fuel-wasting and air-pollution. This problem can be alleviated by adopting a ride-sharing service. The main idea of ride-sharing service is to collect travelers whose travel destinations are nearby into one vehicle. In doing so, we can reduce the amount of vehicles on surface streets and in the meantime save fuel and reduce pollution.
In this thesis, we focus on the taxi-sharing service and propose a dynamic taxi-sharing system based on Intelligent Transportation Systems technology. In the proposed system, we can immediately serve each irregular ride-sharing request
and find a fuel-saving taxi to satisfy the request. Simulation results show that our solution can select a fuel-saving taxi for each ride-sharing request and outperform
existing solutions in response time, communication overhead, and fuel-saving.

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