改善輸出電壓精準度之整合式脈寬調變器｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	林宏志 Hung-Chih Lin
論文名稱：	改善輸出電壓精準度之整合式脈寬調變器 An integrated Pulse Width Modulation/Dead-time Generator with Improved Output Voltage Precision
指導教授：	鄭博泰 Po-Tai Cheng
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	86
中文關鍵詞：	脈寬調變、輸出電壓
外文關鍵詞：	dead-time, pulse width modulator, dead-time compensation
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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中文摘要
為了避免反流器上下切換元件同時導通，導致直流端電壓短路，因此加入空白時間(dead-time)是必須的。雖然空白時間可以防止切換元件同時導通，但是空白時間會引起不預期的輸出電壓誤差。這個誤差會導致輸出電壓的減少，馬達電流的失真與轉矩的漣波。
近年來，由於高功率金氧半導體,等快速切換元件的蓬勃發展，讓因空白時間而產生的問題愈來愈嚴重。工業界已經調查這個問題，而且嘗試許多方法去解決。在這些方法裡面，空白時間補償器與空白時間製造程序是分開處理的。
在本篇論文所提供的方法，把補償與產生空白時間同時處理，也就是提供一新式空白時間補償器同時有產生空白時間的功能，只需要提供電流極性給此新式補償器，即可幾近的完美補償誤差的電壓。使用此補償器可以取代空白時間產生器，因此提供給工業運用一方便，可靠，節省的方法，無需額外的軟體處理,可以把節省下來的運算時間用作其他數位訊號處理。對使用者而言，只需當作一空白時間產生器，並供電流極性，即可有幾近補償訊號誤差的功能。在本篇論文，經由理論分析與推導，模擬與實驗去驗證此新式補償器。由此希望可提供業界一節省與方便的補償方式。
經由模擬軟體與實驗結果，成功的驗證本論文所提之改善輸出電壓精準度之整合式脈寬調變器，可以幾近完美的改善因為空白時間所引起的輸出電壓誤差。此一脈寬調變器非常適合以數位方式來實現此功能。

Due to the development of power switching devices, the voltage-fed pulse-width modulation inverters have been used popularly in industrial applications. One of the main problems encountered in open-loop PWM inverter drives is the output voltage error caused by the blanking time. Although, in PWM inverters, the dead-time is needed to prevent the short circuit of the DC bus, distorts the applied PWM signal, results in a decreased fundamental output voltage, current distortion, and motor torque ripples. If not compensated, this problem will damage the output voltage precision. To deal with this problem, various dead-time compensation schemes have be presented, but their compensation are not complete.
In thesis, an integrated pulse width modulator with dead-time generator is presented. The proposed modulator can place proper dead-time around gating pulses while maintaining the correct volt-second of the output voltage on a pulse-by-pulse basis. The proposed method is suitable for digital implementation of PWM, and the required computational resource is very low. Compared to the conventional dead-time compensation by average voltage correction, the proposed method provides improved accuracy of output voltages and hence better dynamic response. Experimental results are provided to verify the proposed method. Comparisons with other dead-time generation/compensation method are also presented.

誌謝……………………………………………………………………    I
中文摘要………………………………………………………………    II
Abstract………………………………………………………………    III
List of Contents……………………………………………………    IV
List of Figures……………………………………………………    VII
List of Tables………………………………………………………    XII
Chapter 1.  Introduction…………………………………………    1
       1.1 Introduction…………………………………………    1
       1.2 Organization of Thesis………………………………    4
Chapter 2.  Literature Survey………………………………………    5
      2.1 Introduction………………………………………………    5
        2.2 Dead-time Effect…………………………………………    5
2.3 Open Loop Compensation……………………………
         10
         2.3.1 Conventional Dead-time Compensation……………    10
         2.3.2 Pulse-Based Dead-time Compensation……………    10
         2.3.3 On-line Dead-time Compensation…………………    12
       2.4 Closed Loop Compensation……………………………    15
       2.5 Influence of Voltage Accuracy on V/f Drives……………
    17
       2.6 Summary…………………………………………………    20
Chapter 3.  Principles of Operation…………………………………
    21
       3.1 Introduction………………………………………………    21
       3.2 An Integrated Pulse-width Dead-time Generator………
    22
       3.3 An Integrated Pulse-width Modulator/dead-time Generator…………………………………………………
         23
       3.4 Summary…………………………………………………    26
Chapter 4.  Simulation Results………………………………………    27
       4.1 Introduction………………………………………………    27
       4.2 An Integrated Pulse-width Modulator/dead-time Generator Simulation Results for PWM Inverter………
         28
       4.3 An Integrated Pulse-width Modulator/dead-time Generator Simulation Results for Current Control System
         34
       4.4 Summary…………………………………………………    37
Chapter 5.  Experimental Results……………………………………    38
       5.1 Introduction………………………………………………

       5.2 V/f Inverter Drive………………………………………    38
         5.2.1 Steady State Measurement…………………………    38
         5.2.2 Transient Response of Torques and Speeds…………    43
       5.3 Shunt Active Filter………………………………………    46
       5.4 Summary…………………………………………………    55
Chapter 6.  Current Error Analysis of Dead-time……………………        56
       6.1 Introduction………………………………………………    56
       6.2 The Influence of Dead-time on Current Control System...    56
6.2.1 Predictive Current Regulator………………………
    57
         6.2.2 Dead-time Influence on Predictive Current Regulator    59
         6.2.3 Experimental Results………………………………

       6.3 Consideration of Voltage Loss Due to Non-ideal Characteristic of Power Device…………………………
          66
          6.3.1 Consideration of Voltage Loss……………………
          66
6.3.2 Consideration of Voltage Loss Due to Non-ideal Characteristic of Power Device: Experimental Results……………………………………………

          70
       6.4 Summary…………………………………………………    73
Chapter 7.  Conclusions……………………………………………    74
References……………………………………………………………    76
Appendix A……………………………………………………………    80
       A.1 The Laboratory Test Bench : V/f Inverter Drive…………    80
       A.2 The Laboratory Test Bench : Shunt Active Filer System..    82
Appendix B……………………………………………………………    84
B.1 Signal Conditioning Circuit for Voltage Measurement…    84
       B.2 Signal Conditioning Circuit for Current Measurement….    84
       B.3 The IGBT Gate Driver Circuit………………………    84

                                

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