生質柴油是一項兼具環保及永續發展的潔淨能源。目前大部分的生質柴油是由純植物油脂製造而成，使得單位產品價格過高缺乏市場競爭性。因此若能使用廢食用油與高酸油等其他成本較低的油脂當作原料油，可大幅降低生質柴油的生產成本。不過這些低價的油脂中常含有大量的游離脂肪酸，無法直接以一般鹼製程製造生質柴油，需經由前處理將其酸價降至一定值。酸催化程序是另一種生質柴油的生產方式，其對於游離脂肪酸的甲基酯化具有反應速度快和轉化率高的優點，因此，本研究主要利用預酯化反應降低廢食用油中的游離脂肪酸含量，及利用甲醇蒸氣持續帶走酯化反應所產生之水分，降低廢食用油之含水率，使其符合後續生質柴油鹼製程所需之品質條件，以提高生質柴油的總產率。由於廢食用油之組成太過複雜，本實驗以添加不同比例之棕櫚酸於大豆油中的方式，模擬與廢食用油(5%FFA)相同酸價的大豆酸油進行預酯化反應，並藉以增加原料使用範圍，探討預酯化反應的條件，包括游離脂肪酸含量、反應溫度、觸媒用量、醇類用量等，使所探討之條件可使用於游離脂肪酸含量高的原料。由實驗結果可得，利用預酯化反應，可以有效將酸價及含水率降低，符合後續生質柴油鹼製程所需之品質條件，且模擬之大豆油所得到的預酯化參數於廢食用油非常適合。游離脂肪酸含量為5%~20%之原料油，較適合之操作條件為0.25%~0.5%硫酸觸媒、甲醇流量3.75 ml/min~7.5 ml/min及反應溫度70℃；游離脂肪酸含量超過40%之原料油較適化之操作條件則以0.5%~0.75%硫酸觸媒、甲醇流量11.25 ml/min 及反應溫度70℃為較適合之操作條件，於反應時間60分鐘內即可將酸價及含水率降至1 mgKOH/g與0.3%以下。

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