The thesis focuses on the large-scale survey of measuring shadow-lengths of gnomons conducted in 725 by the monk Yi-Xing 一行 (683-727), an outstanding scholar proficient in astronomy, mathematics, and a well-known master of Tantrism. Although this event was discussed by a number of historians, some questions about it still remain unanswered, especially the problem of choice of the observational sites in the survey. So it is the main concern of the thesis.
I divided the full text into three main groups: the first part introduce the background of Yi-Xing’s survey, includes his family, life and achievements. The second part focuses on the reconstruction of Yi-Xing’s large-scale survey, in order to know the details of Yi-Xing’s survey, I conducted a simulation of Yi-Xing’s gnomonic observation on June 22, 2010 in Hsinchu. Also in the chapter I discuss the observational data and calculated data in Yi-Xing’s survey. The third part discussed the main question of the thesis, which is related to the choice of the observational sites used in the survey and its connection with the geographical concepts of Yi-Xing. The extant historical records list at least 15 observational sites used in Yi-Xing’s survey, and I suggest that he did not choose them randomly, but use the traditional Chinese geographical concept “Jiu Fu”九服 to choose their locations. Since no maps of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) have been found yet, I investigate the geographical concepts represented in the extant Song dynasty (960-1279 CE) maps, and use the geographical descriptions produced during the Tang Dynasty to reconstruct the map (or maps) which Yi-Xing may have used.

僧一行（683–727）是唐代知名的科學家，在天文曆算上有卓越的成就。除此之外，其亦為當時重要的佛教高僧。雖然一行的生平事蹟、科學成就已有諸多研究，但科學史家多著重於其曆法的數學元素，對於一行所發起的大地測量了解並不深入。因此本碩論主要關注的焦點便是一行於唐玄宗開元12年（724）舉行的晷影測量之細節，特別是在觀測點的揀選上可能反映出的地理觀念。
正文分為三部分，第一部分介紹一行及其功業、舉行此次大地測量之原由、觀測活動的細節及一行運用的新方法。第二部分則試圖重構一行的大地測量，為此我於2010年的夏至在清華校園舉行一場小型的模擬觀測，以之了解觀測人員在進行量測時可能遭遇的困難。又，一般學者僅討論一行運用正切函數表的演算，本章亦針對觀測者在各地進行過初步運算的可能性進行討論。第三部分主要內容為一行大地測量的選址問題，包括選擇這15個觀測點的理由、觀測點的分佈，以及當時的地理觀念等。由於現代地圖的投影技巧與球形大地觀都是唐代未具備的概念，我運用了現存最接近一行生存年代的禹跡圖和九域守令圖做為參照。但此二幅地圖與大地測量記載的資料並不相符，故最終我依照史料記載，建構出一行在選擇觀測點時可能運用的簡圖。同時，我也發現傳統中國的九服概念與此次大地測量具有極大的關聯性，從而回答了本文關注的核心問題。

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