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研究生: 許政章
Shiu, Jeng-Jang .
論文名稱: 高功率並聯式主動電力濾波器 製作及功能驗證
Implementation and Verification of High Power Shunt Active Power Filter
指導教授: 吳財福
Wu, Tsai-Fu
口試委員: 羅有綱
Lo, Yu-Kang
潘晴財
Pan, Ching-Tsai
林長華
Lin, Chang-Hua
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 74
中文關鍵詞: 分切合整數位控制主動電力濾波功率因數校正三相功率平衡三相四線半橋式換流器
外文關鍵詞: D-Σ digital control, active power filter, power factor correction, three-phase power balancing, three-phase four-wire inverter
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  • 本研究製作一部高功率並聯式主動電力濾波器,同時提出單相循環測試方法來驗證其功能,其中以三相四線半橋式換流器輸出補償電流,並以微控制器Renesas RX62T為控制核心。本換流器主要功能除了主動電力濾波之外,還能達到功率因數校正及三相功率平衡。當負載為非線性負載時,換流器輸出與電網電流諧波成分相同的補償電流來消除諧波;當負載功率因數過低時,換流器為電網提供負載所需之虛功成分,使電網只對負載提供實功;若負載三相功率不平衡時,換流器可以調節三相功率,使電網端的三相功率平衡。
    在控制方面,本研究採用分切合整數位控制,其特色為免除繁瑣的abc至dq座標轉換,而是直接採用一個開關週期的電感電流變化量來導出控制法則,故在控制上會將整個換流器數學模型做為一個電流源形式,並且考量電感值變化量,可克服大電流情況下電感值急遽衰減造成波形失真的問題,因此可以直覺地下達電流命令,使換流器輸出相對應的電流。
    最後,以模擬驗證控制法之可行性,並製作一部換流器實測其功能。本研究是以高額定功率規格來設計換流器,在測試時沒有足夠耐瓦數的測試負載,所以本研究提出單相循環測試。因系統是採用三相四線半橋式換流器,可將三相換流器中的其中兩相之交流側共同接到電網,一台單相換流器模擬各式負載電流對電網進行抽載,另一台單相換流器對此負載電流進行補償,如此能不需外加負載即可進行功能驗證。
    本研究主要有兩項貢獻:第一為將分切合整數位控制應用於高功率換流器,並能達到主動電力濾波、功率因數校正及三相功率平衡功能。第二為提出單相循環測試驗證高功率換流器功能,克服負載耐瓦數不足的問題。


    This research designs and implements a high power shunt active power filter(SAPF), and develops a single-phase circulation test to verify its functions. The power stage is a three-phase four-wire half-bridge inverter which outputs compensation current and its microcontroller Renesas RX62T is the control center of the system. In addition to active power filtering function, the inverter can achieve power factor correction and three-phase power balancing. If load is nonlinear, the inverter can output harmonic current to cancel its harmonic component. If input power factor is low, the inverter is able to improve it. If three-phase load is unbalanced, it is able to balance the power among the three-phase inputs.
    With the division-summation (D-Σ) digital control, there is no need of abc to dq frame transformation, and control laws can be directly determined by inductor current variations over one switching period. Therefore, an inverter can be regarded as a current source while taking into account inductance variation. As a result, current commands can be issued directly to compensate distorted current waveforms.
    Finally, an inverter was simulated and implemented, of which the results have verified the feasibility of the control laws. Considering the power rating of testing load, this research develops single-phase circulation test to verify the functions. Two inverters connected to the same dc-link and ac source in which one emulates various types of load currents, the other provides compensated current to achieve active power filtering. Thus, the APF functions can be verified without physical inductive, capacitive and resistive testing loads.
    The major contributions of this research can be summarized as follows. First, the D-Σ digital control is applied to high power inverter and achieves APF functions. Secondly, the proposed single-phase circulation test can verify the functions of APF without physical loads.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝 iv 總目錄 v 圖目錄 viii 表目錄 xi 第一章 緒論 1 1-1研究背景與動機 1 1-2文獻回顧 3 1-2-1電力濾波器 3 1-2-2主動式電力濾波器控制演算法 8 1-3 論文大綱 11 第二章 控制演算法 12 2-1系統架構 12 2-2分切合整數位控制推導 13 2-2-1開關切換時序圖 13 2-2-2受控體 14 2-2-3控制法則 19 2-3主動電力濾波 19 2-4直流鏈電壓穩壓法 22 第三章 周邊硬體電路 26 3-1輔助電源 26 3-2開關驅動電源 27 3-3 PWM訊號光纖傳送電路 29 3-4上下臂開關隔離驅動電路 29 3-5直流鏈電壓回授電路 30 3-6交流電壓回授電路 31 3-7電感電流回授電路 32 3-8電網電壓偵測電路 33 3-9輔助電源偵錯電路 34 3-10緊急停止電路 35 3-11直流鏈預充電路 36 第四章 韌體規劃 37 4-1微控制器RX62T簡介 37 4-2程式流程規劃 40 4-2-1主程式流程 40 4-2-2 A/D中斷副程式流程 41 4-2-3直流鏈電壓穩壓副程式流程 44 4-2-4主動電力濾波副程式流程 45 第五章 實驗結果 46 5-1換流器規格與系統參數 46 5-2元件設計 49 5-2-1輸出濾波器 49 5-2-2直流鏈電容 49 5-3實務考量 50 5-3-1電感值衰減 50 5-3-2解耦合電容 51 5-3-3開關驅動電阻RG 52 5-3-4導入移動窗格計算(Moving Window) 53 5-4模擬與實測 54 5-4-1直流鏈電壓穩壓 55 5-4-2主動電力濾波 57 5-4-3功率因數校正 59 5-4-4三相功率平衡 62 5-4-5單相循環測試 64 第六章 結論與未來研究方向 69 6-1結論 69 6-2未來研究方向 70 參考文獻 72

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