低溫製備二氧化鈦光電極及其在可撓式染料敏化太陽能電池之應用

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研究生：	王翔永 Wang, Shiang-Yung
論文名稱：	低溫製備二氧化鈦光電極及其在可撓式染料敏化太陽能電池之應用 Low-temperature fabrication of titanium dioxide photoanode and its application in the dye-sensitized solar cells
指導教授：	戴念華 Tai, Nyan-Hwa
口試委員:	李紫原陳登銘
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2012
畢業學年度：	100
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	87
中文關鍵詞：	低溫製程、可撓式二氧化鈦電極
外文關鍵詞：	low temperature fabrication, flexible titanium dioxide
相關次數：	點閱：1 下載：0
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本實驗選用聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(Polyethylene terephthalate, PET)進行電極製備，但因PET基板熔點約為2000C，無法應用於傳統4500C的高溫製程，故本實驗使用低溫燒結製程製備TiO2電極，並添加四異丙基鈦(Titanium isopropoxide, TTIP)作為漿料的連結劑(Binder)，電極經低溫1500C燒結後，可減少裂縫生成並且增加二氧化鈦顆粒間的黏著性。為提升低溫製程電池的效率，本研究嘗試添加不同尺寸及含量的聚苯乙烯球(Polystyrene, PS microsphere)於低溫漿料中，並藉由N-甲基2-四氫吡各酮(N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP)及不同溶劑清洗，移去PS球以改變多孔電極的微結構。最後將電極組成電池後，進行電池的量測。
本研究發現添加250 nm PS球於二氧化鈦電極中，經過有機溶劑NMP處理並以不同溶劑清洗，最後組合電池量測，可使光電轉換效率(Photo-electric conversion efficiency)由原本未添加PS球的電極所組成電池的量測效率為2.40%提升至3.23%，開路電壓則由0.73 V提升至0.92 V。添加PS電極之光電轉換效率雖略低於高溫製程所得的電池3.88%(玻璃基板)。但與未添加PS球的低溫漿料電池相比，效率已有明顯提升。最後比較彎曲測試(Bending test)下的電池效率，當電池彎曲至60o時，仍能維持2.82%的效率。

In this study, we used polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the electrode supporter of a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Because PET can not sustain a high temperature of 4500C during the sintering process, therefore we developed a method to fabricate TiO2 photoanode for flexible DSSC which can be sintered at relatively low temperature. Tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), an additive which can increase interconnection of TiO2 particles at low sintering temperature, was introduced to TiO2 paste. To reduce the recombination of injection electrons, different sizes of polystyrene sphere were added to the TiO2 photoanode. The PS spheres were removed by NMP solution and then cleaned using different solvents. We found that the flexible DSSC with the efficiency of 3.23% can be attained when 250 nm PS spheres were added to TiO2 photoanode. In addition, the open circuit voltage is increased from 0.73 V to 0.92 V as compared with the photoanode without adding PS spheres. The efficiency of the cell under bending was tested and an efficiency of 2.82% was obtained at the bending angle of 60o.

摘要.............................................................................................................I
Abstract......................................................................................................II
致謝..........................................................................................................III
總目錄......................................................................................................IV
表目錄.....................................................................................................VII
圖目錄.....................................................................................VIII
第一章 緒論    1
1 前言    1
2 太陽能電池簡介    2
3 研究動機    4
第二章 文獻回顧與理論基礎    9
1 染料敏化太陽能電池基本原理    9
2 染料敏化太陽能電池各層組成探討    11
2.1 TiO2電極(陽極)    11
2.2 表面修飾染料    13
2.3 相對電極(陰極)    14
2.4 電解質溶液    16
3 太陽能電池電流電壓輸出特性    19
3.1 太陽光穿透大氣質量數的強度    19
3.2 光電轉換效率    19
4 交流阻抗原理與模擬等效電路    22
4.1 交流阻抗原理    22
5電極反應動力學理論    24
5.1 極化    25
5.2 電極反應動力學    25
第三章 實驗分析及方法    32
1 實驗藥品與實驗儀器    32
實驗藥品    32
實驗儀器    33
2 實驗步驟    35
2.1 電極製作    35
2.2 電池組裝    37
3 量測方法與儀器    38
3.1 全電池光電轉換量測    38
3.2 全電池光源下電化學阻抗光譜分析 (EIS analysis)    38
3.3 熱重分析儀 (Thermal gravity analyzer, TGA)    39
第四章 結果與討論    45
1 高溫漿料製備TiO2電極    45
1.1 高溫漿料之特性    45
1.2 厚度對於電極之影響    46
2 低溫漿料製備TiO2電極    47
3 鉑金屬對電極製程之影響    48
4 添加不同尺寸PS球及移除後之電極特性分析    49
4.1 添加不同尺寸PS球    49
4.2 利用NMP移除PS球並使用單一溶劑清洗電極    50
4.3利用NMP移除PS球並使用不同溶劑清洗電極    51
4.4添加不同PS球(250 nm)含量於TiO2電極    52
5 彎曲量測下效率之影響    54
第五章 結論    69
第六章 參考文獻    71

                                

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