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研究生： 楊竣傑
Yang, Jun-Jie
論文名稱： 開發新型鍛造型高熵超合金
Development of Innovative Wrought High-Entropy Superalloys
指導教授： 蔡哲瑋
Tsai, Che-Wei
口試委員: 葉均蔚
Yeh, Jien-Wei
陳育良
Chen, Yu-Liang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2019
畢業學年度： 107
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 175
中文關鍵詞： 高熵合金 、超合金 、合金設計 、微結構 、機械性質
外文關鍵詞： High-entropy alloy, Superalloy, Alloy design, Microstructure, Mechanical properties
相關次數： 點閱：4  下載：0 
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    • 由於高熵合金特殊的性質，是近年重點研究的領域。其中，高熵超合金在高溫下能有更好的熱穩定性與更突出的機械性質。本研究首先探討Nb添加對於抗氧化性與機械性質提升之效益，並進一步使用Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti-Nb高熵合金系統，進行後續開發與研究。
    本研究利用新式高熵合金設計觀念，有效率的設計高熵合金。搭配相模擬預測，控制Co、Cr、Fe三種基地相主要元素之比例，設計出僅有γ與γ' 雙相之高熵超合金，並採取高含量的Fe添加，使得合金更具成本優勢；藉由冷滾軋與快速退火製程，結果顯示晶粒尺寸為30~50 μm，γ' 為50 nm左右，為最佳的分佈與析出尺寸。本研究之最佳成份與熱處理製程，在室溫拉伸降伏強度與抗拉強度達1162 MPa與1480 MPa，延伸率有22.4%；而後調整Al-Ti比進一步提升其機械性質，並與最常見之商用超合金Inconel 718進行綜合比較，研究結果顯示新型高熵超合金，在700°C以上溫度機械性質能有更優異的表現，且擁有低密度與優異的性價比，有潛力成為下一代高溫合金。

    High-entropy superalloys (HESAs) is a well-known field in HEA metallic materials. HESAs have outstanding thermal stabilities and mechanical properties due to its unique effects at elevated temperature. In this research, the oxidation resistance and mechanical properties are improved with Nb addition in Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti-Nb high-entropy alloys. After that, this system was used further to develop and desinge for new type HESAs.
    The innovative high-entropy alloys design strategy is set up to adjust the complex multicomponent more efficiently. Using the CALPHAD to predict the phase composition, the amounts of Co, Cr, and Fe were adjusted to get FCC HESAs with only γ matrix and γ' precipitates. The present HESAs had a cost advantage because of the high content of Fe. After cold rolling and rapid annealing process, the grain size was between 30 and 50 μm. The γ' precipitates are the size of 50 nm which is opimal distribution and precipitation size by the lterature. The yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength of present alloy was 1162 MPa and 1480 MPa with the elongation of 22.4%.
    Besides, the mechanical properties are further improved by adjusting the Al-Ti ratio. Finally, comparing with commercial superalloy “Inconel 718” above 700°C, it showed that the high temperature mechanical properties of HESAs in this research are shown better performance than Inconel 718.
    The present HESAs are with advantage of the lower density than Incnonal 718 and outstanding cost-performance ratio. The development of innovative Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti-Nb HESAs has the potential for the next generation of wrought superalloys.

    致謝 II 摘要 V Abstract VI 目錄 VIII 壹、 前言 1 貳、 文獻回顧 3 2-1 鎳基超合金 3 2-1.1 發展與應用 3 2-1.2 鎳基超合金強化機制與元素關係 5 2-1.3 析出強化機制 9 2-1.4 L12 phase ─ Ni3(Al,Ti) γ' 析出相 13 2-1.5 FCC之破斷模式 16 2-2 Inconel 718鍛造型超合金 17 2-2.1 發展與應用 [17] 17 2-2.2 Inconel 718微結構與機械性質 17 2-2.3 新型取代Inconel 718 合金 20 2-3 高熵合金 22 2-3.1 高熵合金的定義與近期發展 23 2-3.2 高熵合金四大核心效應 24 2-3.3 高熵超合金之演變 31 2-3.4 Al0.2Co1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti0.3爐冷製程之研究 38 參、 研究方法 40 3-1 實驗流程簡介 40 3-2 試片代號 43 3-3 合金製備 44 3-3.1 合金原料配製與真空電弧熔煉 44 3-4 高溫熱處理與冷滾軋製程 45 3-4.1 固溶處理 45 3-4.2 冷滾軋 45 3-4.3 快速退火 45 3-4.4 時效處理 45 3-5 微結構分析與晶體繞射分析 46 3-5.1 試片製備 46 3-5.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡 (SEM) 46 3-5.3 X-ray繞射分析 (XRD) 47 3-6 機械性質分析 48 3-6.1 硬度量測 48 3-6.2 拉伸試驗 48 3-7 相模擬分析 50 3-7.1 Thermo-calc 50 3-7.2 J-Mat pro 50 3-8 熱分析 51 3-8.1 氧化增重實驗 51 3-8.2 高溫示差掃描量熱儀 (DSC) 51 肆、 結果與討論 52 4-1 Nb添加對於高熵超合金之影響 52 4-1.1 Nb添加對高溫抗氧化性影響 52 4-1.2 Nb添加對於抗氧化性質之比較 58 4-1.3 Nb添加對於氧化層影響 61 4-1.4 Nb添加對於室溫機械性質之影響 69 4-2 Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti-Nb高熵超合金基地相設計 71 4-2.1 新型高熵超合金之設計策略 72 4-2.2 新型高熵超合金基地相成分 78 4-2.3 HESAs相圖模擬 81 4-2.4 TTT curve模擬 88 4-2.5 M1, M2, M3, M4微結構與硬度分析 90 4-3 HESA之熱機處理 97 4-3.1 M3鑄造態之微結構 98 4-3.2 M3固溶處理之微結構 101 4-3.3 M3冷滾軋製程 107 4-3.4 M3快速退火製程 108 4-3.5 M3時效處理製程 116 4-3.6 M3最佳熱機處理之機械性質與微結構 130 4-4 新型Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti-Nb高熵超合金 135 4-4.1 Inconel 718之機械性質 136 4-4.2 Al與Ti比例調整 139 4-4.3 Al與Ti比例調整之高熵超合金 149 4-4.4 Al與Ti比例調整之高熵超合金機械性質 152 4-4.5 新型高熵超合金與Inconel 718綜合比較 162 伍、 結論 167 陸、 本研究之貢獻 170 柒、 未來研究方向 171 捌、 參考文獻 172

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