We report the fabrication and the properties of YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO)/Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ (NCCO) high temperature superconducting p-n junction on (100) SrTiO3 substrate. The bilayer thin films were c-axis oriented and both layers are superconducting. The superconducting p-n junction shows a resistive-shunted-junction (RSJ) like characteristics with extremely low critical current density, ~6.5 . Shapiro steps were observed under microwave irradiation. Atomically sharp interface was observed by high resolution tunneling electron microscope (HRTEM). The geometric phase analysis (GPA) of the HRTEM image was applied to study the local variation of lattice parameters of YBCO and NCCO near the interface. Furthermore, the junction reveals a strongly aging effect, attributed to the inter-diffusion of oxygen at the YBCO and NCCO interface. We demonstrate that oxygen diffusion at the interface is a possible origin for the barrier formation. On the other hand, we also report the fabrication of epitaxial heterojunctions formed by the FeSe0.5Te0.5 (FeSeTe) superconductor and Nb-doped SrTiO3 (NSTO) semiconducting substrate and their properties. At high temperature when FeSeTe is in its normal state, the forward bias curves behave like a Metal-Semiconductor junction with a low Schottky barrier. Direct tunneling through the thin depletion layer of the junction dominates the reverse bias curves. When FeSeTe film becomes superconducting at low temperature, we observed that the Schottky barrier height of the junction increased but was suppressed by an external magnetic field. This deviation provides an estimate of the superconducting energy gap of the FeSeTe film is about 2.06 meV. A dip associated with information about superconducting energy gap has been observed from differential conductance characteristics at low temperatures. We build a Superconductor/Semiconductor tunneling theory to fit the experimental curve and theoretical curve then extract energy gap from fitting results.

References
[1] T. Ando, A. B. Fowler, and F. Stern, Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 437 (1982).

[2] M. Peressi, N. Binggeli, and A. Baldereschi, J. Phys. D 31, 1273 (1998).

[3] K. Ueda, H. Tabata, and T. Kawai, Science 280, 1064 (1998).

[4] A. Ohtomo, D. A. Muller, J. L. Grazul, and H. Y. Hwang, Nature 419, 378 (2002).

[5] A. Ohtomo and H. Y. Hwang, Nature 427, 423 (2004).

[6] J. L. Freeouf, T. N. Jackson, S. E. Laux, and J. M. Woodall, Appl. Phys. Lett. 40, 634 (1982).

[7] E. Dobrocka and J. Osvald, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 575 (1994).

[8] V. E. Henrich and P. A. Cox, The Surface Sience of Metal Oxides (Cambridge University Press,
New York, 1994).

[9] M. Imada, A. Fujimori, and Y. Tokura, Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 1039 (1998).

[10] H. Tanaka, J. Zhang, T. Kawai, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 27204 (2002).

[11] C. Mitra, P. Raychaudhuri, G. Kobernik, K. Dorr, K. H. Muller, L. Schultz, R. Pinot, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 2408 (2001).

[12] J. Zhang, H. Tanaka, T. Kawai, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4378 (2002).

[13] F. X. Hu, J. Gao, J. R. Sun, B. G. Shen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1869 (2002).

[14] A. Tiwari, C. Jin, D. Kumar, J. Narayan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1773 (2003).

[15] J. R. Sun, C. M. Xiong, T. Y. Zhao, S. Y. Zhang, Y. F. Chen, and B. G. Shen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2611 (2004).

[16] J. R. Sun, C. H. Lai, and H. K. Wong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 73 (2004).

[17] C. Ren, J. Trbovic, P. Xiong, and S. Von Molnar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 012501 (2005).

[18] P. Xiong and G. Xiao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1907 (1993).

[19] Y. Yamada and M. Suzuki, Phys. Rev. B 66, 132507 (2002).

[20] J. W. Ekin, S. E. Russek, C. C. Clickner, and B. Jeanneret, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 369 (1993).

[21] R. Kleiner, F. Steinmeyer, G. Kunkel, and P. Muler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2394 (1992).

[22] N. Kim, H. J. Lee, J. J. Kim, J. O. Lee, J. W. Park, K. H. Yoo, S. Lee, and K. W. Park, Solid state commun, 115, 29 (2000).

[23] A. W. Kleinsasser, T. N. Javkson, D. Mclnturff, F. Rammo, G. D. Pettit, and J. M. Woodall, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1811 (1990).

[24] A. Yamamoto, A. Sawa, H. Akoh, M. Kawasaki, and Y. Tokura, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 112104 (2007).

[25] Y. W. Xie, J. R. Sun, D. J. Wang, S. Liang, W. M. Lu, and B. G. Shen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 192903 (2007).

[26] A.Yoshida, H. Tamura, K. Gootoh, H. Takauchi, and S. Hasuo, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 4976 (1991).

[27] F. M. Postma, R. Ramaneti, T. Banerjee, H. Gokcan, E. Haq, D. H. A. Blank, R. Jansen, and J.
C. Lodder, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 7324 (2004).

[28] J. R. Sun, C. M. Xiong, Y. Z. Zhang, and B. G. Shen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 222501 (2005).

[29] Y. Muraoka, T. Muramatsu, J. Yamaura, and Z. Hiroi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2950 (2004).

[30] M. N. Keene, T. J. Jackson, and C. E. Gough, Nature 340, 210 (1989).

[31] R. Gross, P. Chaudhari, A. Gupta, and G. Koren, Physica C 166, 277 (1990).

[32] H. Takagi, S. Uchida, and Y. Tokura, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1197 (1989).

[33] S. J. Hagen, J. L. Peng, Z. Y. Li, and R. L. Greene, Phys. Rev. B 43, 13606 (1991).

[34] S. N. Mao, X. X. Xi, S. Bhattacharya, Qi Li, T. Venkatesan, J. L. Peng, R. L. Greene, J. Mao,
d. H. Wu, and S. Anlage, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 2356 (1992).
[35] A. Kussmaul, J. S. Modera, P. M. Tedrow, and A. Gupta, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 2715 (1992).

[36] J. L. Peng, E. Maiser, T. Venkatesan, R. L. Greene, and G. Czjzek, Phys. Rev. B 55, R6145 (1997).

[37] J. Mannhart, A. Kleinsasser, J. Strobel, and A. Baratoff, Physica C 216, 401 (1993).

[38] M. J. Wang, J.Y. Luo, T.W. Huang, H. H. Chang, T. K. Chen, F. C. Hsu, C. T. Wu, P. M. Wu, A. M. Chang, and M. K. Wu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 117002 (2009).

[39] M. K. Wu, F. C. Hsu, K. W. Yeh, T. W. Huang, J. Y. Luo, M. J. Wang, H. H. Chang, T. K. Chen, S. M. Rao, B. H. Mok, C. L. Chen, Y. L. Huang, C. T. Ke, P. M. Wu, A. M. Chang, C. T. Wu, and T. P. Perng, Physica C. 469, 340 (2009).

[40] W. Si, Z-W Lin, Q. Jie, W-G Yin, J. Zhou, G. Gu, P. D. Johnson, and Q. Li, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 052504 (2009).

[41] Y. F. Nie, E. Brahimi, J. I. Budnick, W. A. Hines, M. Jain, and B. O. Wells, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 242505 (2009).

[42] Y. Han, W.Y. Li, L.X. Cao, S. Zhang, B. Xu, and B R Zhao, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 235702 (2009).

[43] W. Ramadan, S. B. Ogale, S. Dhar, L. F. Fu, S. R. Shinde, Darshan C. Kundaliya, M. S. R. Rao, and N. D. Browning, Phys. Rev. B 72, 205333 (2005).

[44] F. X. Hu, J. Gao, J. R. Sun, and B. G. Shen, Phys. Lett. 83, 1869 (2003).

[45] H. K. Onnes, Leiden comm. 120b, 122c, 124c (1911).

[46] W. Meissner and R. Oschenfeld, Naturwiss. 21, 787 (1933).

[47] H. London and F. London, Proc, Roy. Soc. A149, 71 (1935).

[48] V. L. Ginzburg and L. D. Landau, Zh.Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 20, 1064 (1950).

[49] H. Frohlich, Phys. Rev. 79, 845 (1950).

[50] E. Maxwell, Phys. Rev. 78, 477 (1950).
[51] J. Bardeen, L. N. Cooper, and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. 108, 1175 (1957).

[52] J. G. Bedonorz and K. A. MAuller, Z. Phys. B 64, 189 (1986).

[53] M. K. Wu, J. R. Ashburn, C. J. Torng, P. Hor, R. L. Meng, L. Gao, Z. J. Hung,Y. Q. Wang, and C. W. Chu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 908 (1987).

[54] H. Maeda, Y. Tanaka, and M. Fukutomi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27, L209 (1988).

[55] Z. Z. Sheng, A. M. Hermann, A. El Ali, C. Almasan, J. Estrada, T. Datta, and R. J. Matson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 937 (1988).

[56] S. N. Putilin, E. V. Antipov, and O. Chmaissem, Nature 362, 226 (1993).

[57] L. Gao, Y. Y. Xue, F. Chen, Q. Xiong, R. L. Meng, D. Ramirez, and C. W. Chu,
Phys. Rev. B 50, 4260 (1994).

[58] Y. Tokura, H. Takagi, and S. Uchida, Nature 337, 345(1989).

[59] N. P. Ong, Physical Properties of High Temperature Superconductors, ed. D. M. Ginsberg, World Scientific, Singapore Vol. 2, 459 (1990).

[60] A. Damascelli, Z. Hussain, and Z. X. Shen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 473, (2003).

[61] M. R. Norman and C. Pepin, Rep. Prog. Phys. 66, 1547 (2003).

[62] A. Damascelli, Z. Hussain, and Z.-X. Shen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 473, (2003).

[63] Y. Tokura, A. Fujimori, H. Matsubara, H. Watabe, H. Takagi, S. Uchida,M. Sakai, H. Ikeda,
S. Okuda, and S. Tanaka, Phys. Rev. B 39, 9704 (1989).

[64] Y. Kohsaka, M. Azuma, I Yamada, T. Sasagawa, T. Hanaguri, M. Takano, and H. Takagi,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 12275 (2002).

[65] Y. Ando, A. N. Lavrov, and K. Segawa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2813 (1999).

[66] M. Francois, E. Walker, and J. L. Jorda, Solid State Commun. 63, 1149 (1987).

[67] K. Conder. Mat. Sci. and Eng., R32, 41-102 (2001).
[68] Yoichi Kamihara, Hidenori Hiramatsu, Masahiro Hirano, Ryuto Kawamura, Hiroshi Yanagi,
Toshio Kamiya, and Hideo Hosono, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 10012 (2008).

[69] Yoichi Kamihara, Takumi Watanabe, Masahiro Hirano, and Hideo Hosono, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
130, 3296 (2008).

[70] H. Takahashi, K. Igawa, K.Arii, Y. Kamihara, M. Hirano, and H. Hosono, Nature 453, 376
(2008).

[71] X. H. Chen, T. Wu, G. Wu, R. H. Liu, H. Chen, and D. F. Fang, Nature 453, 761 (2008).

[72] G. F. Chen, Z. Li, D. Wu, G. Li, W. Z. Hu, J. Dong, P. Zheng, J. L. Luo, and N. L. Wang,
Phys.Rev. Lett. 100, 247002 (2008).

[73] Zhi-An Ren, Jie Yang, Wei Lu, Wei Yi, Xiao-Li Shen, Zheng-Cai Li, Guang-Can Che, Xiao-Li
Dong, Li-Ling Sun, Fang Zhou, and Zhong-Xian Zhao, Europhys. Lett. 82, 57002 (2008).

[74] Ren Zhi-An, Lu Wei, Yang Jie, YI Wei, Shen Xiao-Li, Li Zheng-Cai, Che Guang-Can, Dong
Xiao-Li, Sun Li-Ling, Zhou Fang, and Zhao Zhong-Xian, Chin. Phys. Lett. 25, 2215 (2008).

[75] R. H. Liu, G. Wu, T. Wu, D. F. Fang, H. Chen, S. Y. Li, K. Liu, Y. L. Xie, X. F. Wang,
R. L. Yang, L. Ding, C. He, D. L. Feng, and X. H. Chen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 087001 (2008).

[76] J. Dong, H. J. Zhang, G. Xu, Z. Li, G. Li, W. Z. Hu, D. Wu, G. F. Chen, X. Dai, J. L. Luo, Z.
Fang, and N. L. Wang, Europhys. Lett. 83, 27006 (2008).

[77] B. Lorenz, K. Sasmal, R.P. Chaudhury, X.H. Chen, R.H. Liu, T. Wu, and C.W. Chu, Phys. Rev. B 78, 012505 (2008).

[78] Jun Zhao, Q. Huang, Clarina De La Cruz, Shiliang Li, J. W. Lynn, Y. Chen, M. A. Green, G. F. Chen, G. Li, Z. Li, J. L. Luo, N. L. Wang, and Pengcheng Dai, Nature Mat. 7, 953 (2008).

[79] H. Chen, Y. Ren, Y. Qiu, Wei Bao, R. H. Liu, G. Wu, T. Wu, Y. L. Xie, X. F. Wang, Q.
Huang and X. H. Chen, Europhys. Lett. 85, 17006 (2009).

[80] M. Rotter, M. Tegel, and D. Johrendt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 107006 (2008).

[81] J. H. Tapp, Z.J. Tang, B. Lv, K. Sasmal, B. Lorenz, C.W. Chu, and A.M. Guloy, Phys. Rev. B
78, 060505(R) (2008).
[82] F.C. Hsu, J.Y. Luo, K.W. Yeh, T.K. Chen, T.W. Huang, P.M. Wu, Y.C. Lee, Y.L. Huang, Y.Y.Chu, D.C. Yan, and M.K. Wu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 14262 (2008).

[83] P. M. Aswathy, J. B. Anooja, P. M. Saurn, and U. Syamaprasad, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 23,
073001 (2010).

[84] T. M. McQueen, Q. Huang, V. Ksenofontov, C. Felser, Q. Xu, H. Zandbergen, Y. S. Hor, J.
Allred, A. J. Williams,D. Qu, J. Checkelsky, N. P. Ong, and R. J. Cava, Phys. Rev. B 79, 014522 (2009).

[85] K.W. Yeh, H.C. Hsu, T.W. Huang, P.M. Wu, Y.L. Huang, T.K. Chen, J.Y. Luo, and M.K. Wu,
J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Phys. 77, Suppl. C, 19 (2008).

[86] K.W. Yeh, T.W. Huang, Y.L. Huang, T.K. Chen, F.C. Hsu, P.M. Wu, Y.C. Lee, Y.Y. Chu, C.L. Chen, J.Y. Luo, D.C. Yan, and M.K. Wu., Europhys. Lett. 84, 37002 (2008).

[87] Y. Mizuguchi, F. Tomioka, S. Tsuda, T. Yamaguchi, and Y. Takano, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93,
152505 (2008).

[88] D. J. Singh and M.-H. Du, Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 237003 (2008).

[89] Alaska Subedi, Lijun Zhang, D.J. Singh, and M.H. Du, Phys. Rev. B 78, 134514 (2008).

[90] R. Khasanov, K. Conder, E. Pomjakushina, A. Amato, C. Baines, Z. Bukowski, J. Karpinski, S. Katrych, H.-H. Klauss, and H. Luetkens, Phys. Rev. B 78, 220510 (2008).

[91] H. Kotegawa, S. Masaki, Y. Awai, H. Tou, Y. Mizuguchi, and Y. Takano, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 113703 (2008).

[92] T. Imai, K. Ahilan, F. L. Ning, T. M. McQueen, and R. J. Cava, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 177005
(2009).

[93] T. M. McQueen, Q. Huang, V. Ksenofontov, C. Felser, Q. Xu, H. Zandbergen, Y. S. Hor, J.
Allred, A. J. Williams,D. Qu, J. Checkelsky, N. P. Ong, and R. J. Cava, Phys. Rev. B 79,
014522 (2009).

[94] S. Margadonna, Y. Takabayashi, Y. Ohishi, Y. Mizuguchi, Y. Takano, T. Kagayama, T.
Nakagawa, M. Takata, and K. Prassides, Phys. Rev. B 80, 064506 (2009).

[95] N. Shanthi and D. D. Sarma, Phys. Rev. B 57, 2153 (1998).

[96] A. Yoshida, H. Tamura, K. Gotoh, H. Takauchi, and S. Hasuo, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 4976 (1991).

[97] K. A. Muller and H. Burkard, Phys. Rev. B 19, 3593 (1979).

[98] M. A. Saifi and L. E. Cross, Phys. Rev. B 2, 677 (1970).

[99] H.-M. Christen, J. Mannhart, E. J. Williams and Ch. Gerber, Phys. Rev. B 49, 12095, (1994).

[100] T. Higuchi, T. Tsukamoto, K. Kobayashi, y. Ishiwata, M. Fujisawa, T. Yokoya, S. Yamaguchi,
S. Shin, Phys. Rev. B 61, 12860 (2000).

[101] K. Szot, W. Speier, R. Carius, U. Zastrow and W. Beyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 075508 (2002).

[102] O. N.Tufte and P.W. Chapman, Phys. Rev. 155, 796 (1967).

[103] J. F. Schooley, W. R. Hosler, and M. L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 12, 474 (1964).

[104] E. R. Pfeiffer and J. F. Schooley, Phys. Lett. 29A, 589 (1969).

[105] C. S. Koonce, M. L. Cohen, J. F. Schooley, W. R. Hosler, and E. R. Pfeiffer, Phys. Rev. 163, 380 (1967).

[106] J. F. Schooley, W. R. Hosler, E. Ambler, J. H. Becker, M. L. Cohen and C. S. Koonce,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 14, 305 (1965).

[107] Y. Takada, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 49, 1267 (1980).

[108] J. K. Hulm, M. Ashkin, D. W. Deis, and C. K. Jones, Prog. Low. Temp. Phys. 6, 205 (1970).

[109] B. D. Josephson, Phys. Lett. 1, 251 (1962).

[110] R. Feynmen, “Lectures on Physics” Chapter 21Vol. III, P 12-14~P12-18, (1965).

[111] D. E. McCumber, J. Appl. Phys. 39, 3113 (1968).

[112] W. C. Stewart, Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 277 (1968).

[113] C. P. Poole, H. A. Farach, and R. J. Creswick, Superconductivity, United Kingdom Edition
published by Academic Press Limited, (1995).

[114] M.Abramowitz and I. a. Stegun (Eds.) Handbook of Mathematical Functions. Washington, DC: National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Government Printing Office, (1964).

[115] S. Shapiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 11, 80 (1963).

[116] T. Van Duzer and C. W. Turner, Principles of Superconductive Devices and Circuits, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, p184 (1981).

[117] A. Barone and G. Paterno, Physics and Applications of the Josephson Effect, JOHN WILEY &SONS, (1982).

[118] T. P. Orlando and K. A. Delin, Foundations of Applied Superconductivity, Addison-Wesley
Publishing Company, (1991).

[119] B. L. Sharma, Metal Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junction and Their Applications, (Plenum, New York, 1984).

[120] W. Schottky, Naturwissenschaften 26, 843 (1938).

[121] E. H. Rhoderick and R. H. Williams, Metal-Semiconductor Contacts, 2nd edn (Oxford: Clarendon 1988).

[122] T. Van Duzer and C. W. Turner, Principles of Superconductive Devices and Circuits, Oxford Univ. Press, New York (1981).

[123] E. L. Wolf, Principles of Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy, Oxford Univ. Press, New York (1985).

[124] A. W. Kleinsasser, T. N. Jackson, D. McInfurt, F. Rammo, G. D. Pettit, and J. M. Woodall, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1811 (1990).

[125] B. J. Van Wees, P. de Vries, P. Magnee, and T. M. Klapwijk, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 510 (1992).

[126] A. K. Ghatak and S. Lokanathan, Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Applications, 3rd. Ed., New Delhi; McMillan, (1984).

[127] A. Casher and F. Englert, Class. Quantum Grav. 10, 2479 (1993).

[128] D. S. Chemla and A. Pinczuk, Eds. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., Special Issue on Semiconductor Quantum Wells and Superlattices; Physics and Applications, QE-22, (1986).

[129] S. Datta, Electronic Transport in Mesoscopic Systems, Cambridge Univ. Press, N. Y, (1995).

[130] R. Tsu, and L. Easki, Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 562 (1973).

[131] S. Vatannin, and G. Gildenblat, IEEE J. Quantum Electron, 32, 1093 (1996).

[132] A. K. Ghatak and S. Lokanathan, Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Application, 3rd. Ed., New Delhi; McMillan, 1984.

[133] J. D. Love, and C. Winkler, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 1627 (1977).

[134] A. K. Ghatak, R. L. Gallawa, and I. C. Gayal, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28, 400 (1992).

[135] A. K. Ghatak, K. Thyagarajan, and M. R. Shenoy, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 24, 1524 (1988).

[136] A. M. Lane, and R. G. Thomas, Rev. Mod. Phys. 30, 257 (1958).

[137] D. B. Chrisey and G. K. Hubler, Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films, JOHN WILEY&
SONS, (1994).

[138] E. Maiser, P. Fournier, J. L. Peng, F. M. Araujo-Moreira, T. Venkatesan, R. L. Greene, and G. Czjzek, Physica C 297, 15 (1998).

[139] B.D. Cullity and S.R. Stock, Elements of X-ray diffraction (Prentice Hall, 3rd edition, 2001).

[140] S. N. Mao, X. X. Xi, Qi Li, I. Takeuchi, S. Bhattacharya, C. Kwon, C. Doughty, A.
Walkenhorst, T. Venkatesan, C. B. Whan, J. L. Peng, and R. L. Greene, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2425 (1993).

[141] I. Takeuchi, S. N. Mao, X. X. Xi, K. Petersen, C. J. Lobb, and T. Venkatesan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 2872 (1995).

[142] H. Haensel, A. Beck, F. Gollnik, R. Gross, R. P. Huebener, and K. Knorr, Physica C 244, 389 (1995).

[143] C.S. Owen and D.J. Scalapino, Phys. Rev. 164, 538 (1967).

[144] K. Schwidtal, Phys. Rev. B 2, 2526 (1970).

[145] A. Mathai, Y. Gim, R. C. Black, A. Amar, and F. C. Wellstood, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 85 (1993).

[146] D. H. Wu, J. Mao, S. N. Mao, J. L. Peng, X. X. Xi, T. Venkatesan, R. L. Greene, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 74, 4523 (1995).

[147] S. Kashiwaya, L. Alff, H. Takashima, N. Terada, T. Ito, K. Oka, Y. Tanaka, M. Koyanagi, S. Ueno, and K. Kajimura, Physica C, 282-287, 1477 (1997).

[148] L. Raffo, F. Licci, and A. Migliori, Phys. Rev. B 48, 1192 (1993).

[149] J. Ye, and K. Nakamura, Phys. Rev. B 48, 7554 (1993).

[150] P. Benzi, E. Bottizzo, and N. Rizzi, J. Cryst. Growth 269, 625 (2004).

[151] R. Liang, D. A. Bonn, and W. N. Hardy, Phys. Rev. B 73, 180505 (2006).

[152] Y. Kuru, M. Usman, G. Cristiani, and H. U. Habermeier, J. Cryst. Growth 312, 2904 (2010).

[153] M. Vlcek, and L. Bebes, Czech. J. Phys. 43, 575 (1993).

[154] J. L. MacManus-Driscoll, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 2035 (2010).

[155] R. Beyers, B. T. Ahn, G. Gorman, V. Y. Lee, S. S. P. Parkin, M. L. Ramirez, K. P. Roche,
J. E. Vazquez, T. M. Gur, and R. A. Huggins, Nature 340, 619 (1989).

[156] Q. H. Hu, K.Stiller, E. Olsson, H. O. Andren, P. Berastegui, and G. Johansson,
Physica C 235-240, 431 (1994).

[157] J. C. Phillips, Phil. Mag. B 82, 783 (2002).

[158] J. C. Barry, and J. A. Alarco, J. Microsc, 202, 495 (2001).

[159] P. G. DE Gennes, Superconductivity of Metals and Alloys, W. A. Benjamin, Inc, (1966).

[160] Y. Mizuguchi, F. Tomioka, S. Tsuda, T. Yamaguchi and Y. Takano, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 074712 (2009).

[161] M. J. Wang, J.Y. Luo, T.W. Huang, H. H. Chang, T. K. Chen, F. C. Hsu, C. T. Wu, P. M. Wu, A. M. Chang, and M. K. Wu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 117002 (2009).

[162] T. Higuchi, T. Tsukamoto, K. Kobayashi, y. Ishiwata, M. Fujisawa, T. Yokoya,
S. Yamaguchi, S. Shin, Phys. Rev. B 61, 12860 (2000).

[163] T. Fujii, M Kawasaki, A. Sawa, Y. Kawazoe, H. Akoh, and Y. Tokura, Phys. Rev. B 75, 165101 (2007).

[164] Y. Cui, Solid State Commun. 147, 350 (2008).

[165] T. Shimizu, N. Gotoh, N. Shinozaki, and H. Okushi, Appl. Surf. Sci. 117-118, 400 (1997).

[166] T. Shimizu and H. Okushi, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 7244 (1999).

[167] F. M. Postma, R. Ramaneti, T. Banerjee, H. Gokcan, E. Haq, D. H. A. Blank, R. Jansen, and J. C. Lodder, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 7324 (2004).

[168] G. E. Blonder, M. Tinkham, and T. M. Klapwijk, Phys. Rev. B 25, 4515 (1982).

[169] T. Kato, Y. Mizuguchi, H. Nakamura, T. Machida, H. Sakata, and Y. Takano, Phys. Rev. B 80, 180507 (2009).

[170] T. Hanaguri, S. Niitaka, K. Kuroki, and H. Takagi, Science 328, 474 (2010).

[171] H. Suzuki, M. Iyori, T. Yamamoto, S. Suzuki, K. Takahashi, T. Usuki, and Y. Yoshisato,
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 31, 2716 (1992).

[172] H. Hasegawa, T. Fukazawa, and T. Aida, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Vol.28, L2210 (1989).

[173] R. C. Dynes, J. P. Garno, G. B. Hertel, and T. P. Orlando, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 2437 (1984).

[174] J. R. Kirtley, S. Washburn, and D. J. Scalapino, Phys. Rev. B 45, 336 (1992).