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研究生： 邱昶羽
Chiu, Chang Yu
論文名稱： 權重組合演算法於測試個案精簡之分析與比較
Analysis and Comparison of Weighted Combinatorial Algorithms for Test Suite Reduction
指導教授： 黃慶育
Huang, Chin Yu
口試委員: 林振緯
Lin,Jenn Wei
楊舜仁
Yang, Shun Ren
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Computer Science
論文出版年： 2015
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 96
中文關鍵詞： 測試個案精簡 、回歸測試 、測試標準 、代碼覆蓋率 、軟體缺陷偵測有效性 、基因演算法 、權重組合 、最佳化問題
外文關鍵詞： test suite reduction, regression testing, testing criteria, code coverage, software fault detection effectiveness, genetic algorithms, weighted combination, optimization problems
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    • 軟體的使用和人們的日常生活密不可分，因此開發者須嚴謹地進行軟體開發。為了軟體的正確性，在開發過程中，審慎地執行軟體測試是必要的。隨著軟體系統的功能因為客製化需求而持續的更新，新的測試個案會被生成並納入既有的測試個案池中，最後，測試個案池將會變得非常龐大，導致測試人員要花費大量的時間來做低效率的回歸測試。測試個案精簡為其中一種知名的議題，其做法為藉由移除冗餘的測試個案來解決上述之問題，經移除後，測試個案池的大小將被壓縮，但剩餘的測試個案群仍能保持和原先測試個案池相同的覆蓋率。然而，大多數既有的傳統測試個案精簡方法中，僅考慮單一，或者兩個不對等的評估標準。在本研究中，我們提出三種改良後的權重組合演算法，可以彈性並同時去考量兩種不同類別的評估標準。除此之外，我們亦利用基因演算法來找出每種評估標準最適合配置的權重值。實驗結果顯示，使用本方法能保持幾乎相同的測試套件大小精簡比率，但卻能大幅提升所挑選之測試個案子集的偵錯能力。

    Using software has become a very important part of our daily life. Therefore, strict and rigorous development of software is necessary for developers. Software testing should be conducted carefully in the development process for minimal errors and ease of product usability. With the continuous functionality updating of software systems according to customized requirements, new test cases have been generated and included in the existing test pool. Finally, the size of test pool has often been too large, which costs large amounts of time to produce inefficient regression testing. Test suite reduction is one of the well-known issues, which is used to solve the size problem by removing redundant test cases. Following such, the test pool size can be reduced, while the remaining test cases are still able to provide the same coverage as the original test pool. However, most of the existing test suite reduction methods have considered only one or two testing criteria with no equivalence between them. In this paper, we propose three modified weighted combinatorial algorithms to flexibly and simultaneously consider two different types of testing criteria. Further, we also use a genetic algorithm to find the best weighting factor value assignment for each testing criterion. Experimental results show that our approach can keep nearly the same suite size reduction percentage, while significantly enhance the fault detection effectiveness in the selected representative test suite subset.

    Abstract in Chinese 1 Abstract 2 Acknowledgement 3 Contents 4 List of Tables 7 List of Figures 8 Chapter 1 Introduction 9 Chapter 2 Background and Related Works 12 2.1 Test Suite Reduction 12 2.1.1 Review of Test Suite Reduction 12 2.1.2 The Well-known Existing Solutions 14 2.2 Combination of Structural Testing Criteria 21 Chapter 3 Weighted Combinatorial Algorithms 25 3.1 Weighted Statistical Means 25 3.2 Evaluation Metric 28 3.3 Proposed Weighted Combinatorial Algorithms 34 3.3.1 WC-Greedy: The Modified Weighted Combinatorial Greedy Algorithm 35 3.3.2 WC-HGS: The Modified Weighted Combinatorial HGS Algorithm 37 3.3.3 WC-GRE: The Modified Weighted Combinatorial GRE Algorithm 40 3.4 Weighting Factor Assignment 45 Chapter 4 Experiments and Analysis 48 4.1 Experimental Setup and Subject Programs 48 4.2 Comparison Criteria 51 4.3 Experimental Results of Applying the WC-Greedy Algorithm 52 4.3.1 Suite Size Reduction 53 4.3.2 Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 54 4.3.3 A t-test for Matched Pairs 55 4.3.4 Fault-to-test Ratio 56 4.4 Experimental Results of WC-HGS 57 4.4.1 Suite Size Reduction 58 4.4.2 Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 58 4.4.3 A t-test for Matched Pairs 59 4.4.4 Fault-to-test Ratio 60 4.5 Experimental Results of WC-GRE 62 4.5.1 Suite Size Reduction 62 4.5.2 Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 62 4.5.3 A t-test for Matched Pairs 64 4.5.4 Fault-to-test Ratio 64 4.6 Overall Comparison of FDE Loss Improvement 66 4.7 Discussions and Observations 69 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Works 72 References 74 Appendixes 79 Appendix A. Comparisons between the Greedy and WC-Greedy algorithms 79 A-1. Suite Size Reduction 79 A-2. Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 81 A-3. Faults-to-test Ratio 83 Appendix B. Comparisons between the HGS and WC-HGS algorithms 85 B-1. Suite Size Reduction 85 B-2. Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 87 B-3. Faults-to-test Ratio 89 Appendix C. Comparisons between the GRE and WC-GRE algorithms 91 C-1. Suite Size Reduction 91 C-2. Fault Detection Effectiveness Loss 93 C-3. Faults-to-test Ratio 95

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