本文檢視哈尼村寨與中國現代化政策的遭逢下，原有的生命歷程、性別與婚姻理想皆受到影響，因而產生的以性別政治為核心的道德社群，以及兩性各自在城市、村寨的進出之間的不同經驗與選擇。
首先，在義務教育、經濟發展之下，哈尼人對於生命歷程的期許出現轉變。社群一方面將原屬婚入婦女的義務與責任，視為對女性個人發展與追趕現代性的阻礙；另一方面卻仍仰賴婚入婦女祭祀篾盤，以維護家戶的存在與平安。因此，當婚姻對女性個人發展成為負面因子的同時，卻又是社群平安存在的關鍵，兩者之間因而矛盾。再者，中國在一胎化政策下導致性別比例失衡，婚姻市場中的女多男少，讓弱勢的農村男性面臨找不到配偶的困境。此一情勢使得哈尼社群對男性結婚樂見其成並加以鼓勵，一反其在年輕女性身上將婚姻視為負面的看法，也形成性別間婚姻論述的矛盾。當個人面對鄉村、城市的不同社群，年輕女性駕馭了道德價值的落差，在進出間形塑個人的行為；男性則在地方社群與國家現代性的夾擊中，只能回歸原有位置，並面對配偶難尋的落寞。
國家現代性論述下，引發了哈尼人群生命歷程論述的轉變，以及社群對兩性婚姻截然相反的態度。各種效應互相纏繞，並疊合了哈尼社群原有的性別規範，擠壓出哈尼村寨中焦慮而矛盾的性別政治。透過此案例，也期能替中國當代的道德景觀，加入一個少數民族的視角。

This paper examines how narratives of gender and marriage in a Hani minority village have been twisted within the context of the marriage market under the impact of socioeconomic growth and birth control policy in contemporary China.
First, the expectations of the life course have changed because of the implementation of mandatory education and economic development policies. Marriage has become an obstacle for women’s personal career development in their efforts to catch up to the so-called modernity. However, the Hani community and family rely on married women to worship their ancestors in order to keep the family safe. Therefore, the role of marriage is conflicted between women’s pursuit of modernity and the community’s need for existence. Also, as a consequence of the imbalanced sex ratio caused by the implementation of the one-child policy, men in the village have been facing challenges finding a spouse. Therefore, young women's negative conceptions of marriage have largely been invisible to young men. On the contrary, people tended to be happy for and encouraged men to get married as early as possible. The different perceptions of marriage between genders have become a further conflict in village life. While faced with different value systems between the village and the city, young women have adapted to different standards and rules of morality and learned to act according to diverse condition. Men, on the other hand, have largely been stuck in the gap between their local community and modernity as propagated by the state. They see no choice but to return to their original position in the village and faced the loneliness and desperation of finding no spouse.
To conclude, aspects of women's life course, interaction between men and women, and the village’s safety and existence have all been disrupted and squeezed into a new contradictory and anxious gender politics under the state’s narrative of modernity. With this article, I aim to amplify and contribute the voices of an ethnic minority community to the research on the moral landscape of contemporary China.

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