N/A

Heavy industrialization owing to globalization resulted in environmental degradation in the form of climate change and global warming. There is a plethora of study on how companies in developed countries are tackling environmental issues through corporate environmentalism. The current study is aimed at understanding corporate environmentalism in developing countries particularly in India through research questions on environmental issues which companies are facing, methods of their incorporation, drivers behind incorporation, types of implementation strategies and challenges faced by companies during this process. The study was carried out by qualitative method. Managerial persons from four big to medium companies were interviewed in a semi-structured manner. The analysis of data exhibited that Companies in India are facing environmental issues such as CO2 emission, generation of hazardous waste, energy consumption and water consumption. Following of government’s environmental regulations, internal environmental laws and frequent auditing are assisting companies to reduce their impact on the environment. Government’s changing environmental regulations such as ratification of the Kyoto protocol and proposed adaption of BS VI grade fuel are the main drivers behind companies’ incorporation of environmental issues into their corporate strategies. Increase the use of renewable energy, e-mobility, search for alternate fuel, recycling of waste and zero waste status are the strategies companies are implementing for a greener environment. Development of technologies complementary to demand and balance between innovation and profit are the challenges companies facing during handling of environmental issues.

Banerjee, S. (2001). Managerial perceptions of corporate environmentalism: interpretations from industry and strategic implications for organizations. Journal Of Management Studies, 38(4), 489-513. doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00246
Banerjee, S., Iyer, E., & Kashyap, R. (2003). Corporate Environmentalism: Antecedents and Influence of Industry Type. Journal Of Marketing, 67(2), 106-122. doi: 10.1509/jmkg.67.2.106.18604
Banerjee, S. (1998). Corporate environmentalism - perspectives from organizational learning (pp. 147-164). London: Sage Publications.
Banerjee, S. (2002). Organisational Strategies for Sustainable Development: Developing A Research Agenda for the New Millennium. Australian Journal Of Management, 27(1_suppl), 105-117. doi: 10.1177/031289620202701s11
Bobby Banerjee, S. (2001). Corporate environmental strategies and actions. Management Decision, 39(1), 36-44. doi: 10.1108/eum0000000005405
Bowonder, B. (1987). Environmental problems in developing countries. Progress In Physical Geography: Earth And Environment, 11(2), 246-259. doi: 10.1177/030913338701100204
Brikci and Green, 2007 https://www.academia.edu/29849811/A_Guide_to_Using_Qualitative_Research_Methodology
Buekens, A. (2007). Book Review: Corporate Strategies for Managing Environmental Risk. International Journal Of Environment And Pollution, 29(1/2/3), 344. doi: 10.1504/ijep.2007.012833
Čater T., Prašnikar J., & Čater B. (2009). Environmental Strategies and Their Motives and Results in Slovenian Business Practice. Economic and Business Review, 11(1), 55-74.
Central Pollution Control Board (2019). Retrieved from http://cpcb.nic.in/water-pollution/
Chan, R. (2010). Corporate environmentalism pursuit by foreign firms competing in China. Journal Of World Business, 45(1), 80-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jwb.2009.04.010
Christmann, P. (2004). Multinational companies and the natural environment: determinants of global environmental policy standardization. Academy Of Management Journal, 47(5), 747-760. doi: 10.2307/20159616
CO2 emissions by country 2017 | Statista. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/271748/the-largest-emitters-of-co2-in-the-world/
Dasgupta, N. (2000). Environmental Enforcement and Small Industries in India: Reworking the Problem in the Poverty Context. World Development, 28(5), 945-967. doi: 10.1016/s0305-750x(00)00004-8
Dholakia, H., Purohit, P., Rao, S., & Garg, A. (2013). Impact of current policies on future air quality and health outcomes in Delhi, India. Atmospheric Environment, 75, 241-248. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.052
Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol. UNTC. (2019). Retrieved from https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVII-7-c&chapter=27&clang=_en
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/publications/publications_policy_ehs-general
Fletcher, K. (1998). Corporate environmental management: Systems and strategies Welford, Richard (editor) Earthscan Publications Ltd., London, 1996 275 pages, 12-26. Corporate Environmental Strategy, 5(4), 90-92. doi: 10.1016/s1066-7938(00)80089-5
Functions of the Central Pollution Control Board" (2019). Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20090409220923/http://cpcb.nic.in/crep.php
Gil, R., Andrés, E., & Salinas, E. (2011). The Relevance Of The Environmental Factor In Corporate Strategies: An Application To The Consumer Goods Industry. Journal Of Applied Business Research (JABR), 23(1). doi: 10.19030/jabr.v23i1.1410
Gore, A., & Hart, S. (2007). Capitalism at the Crossroads: Aligning Business, Earth, and Humanity, Second Edition. Wharton School Publishing.
Hart, S. (1995). A Natural-Resource-Based View of the Firm. The Academy Of Management Review, 20(4), 986. doi: 10.2307/258963
Hartman, R., Huq, M., & Wheeler, D. (1997). Why paper mills clean up. Washington: The World Bank.
Indiatimes. (2019). Retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-ratifies-2nd-commitment-period-of-kyoto-protocol/articleshow/59983651.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst
ISO 14001, ISO 1400 India, ISO 14001 Certification, ISO 14001 Company. (2019). Retrieved from http://www.iso-india.com/iso_14001.html
Kennelly, J. (1999). Crafting effective environmental strategies: A “model of learning” from the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Corporate Environmental Strategy, 6(2), 199-207. doi: 10.1016/s1066-7938(00)80030-5
Kyoto Protocol UNTC. (2019). Retrieved from https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVII-7-a&chapter=27&lang=en#top
Mueller, J., Abfalter, D., Hautz, J., Hutter, K., Matzler, K., & Raich, M. (2011). Differences in corporate environmentalism – a comparative analysis of leading US and German companies. European J. Of International Management, 5(2), 122. doi: 10.1504/ejim.2011.038814
National Green Tribunal. (2019). Retrieved from http://www.greentribunal.gov.in/
Noor, Khairul Baharein Moh. “Case study: A strategic Research Methodology.” American Journal of Applied Sciences 5.11 (2008), 1602-1604.
Porter, M. (1985). Competitive advantage. New York: Free Press. Simon and Schuster.
Pulver, S. (2007). Making Sense of Corporate Environmentalism. Organization & Environment, 20(1), 44-83. doi: 10.1177/1086026607300246
Rao, P. (2002). Greening the supply chain: a new initiative in South East Asia. International Journal Of Operations & Production Management, 22(6), 632-655. doi: 10.1108/01443570210427668
Rao, P., & Holt, D. (2005). Do green supply chains lead to competitiveness and economic performance?. International Journal Of Operations & Production Management, 25(9), 898-916. doi: 10.1108/01443570510613956
Reynolds, P. (2019). Hotel companies and corporate environmentalism. Tourism & Management Studies, 9(1), 7-12.
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications, Inc.
Ruud, A. (2002). Environmental management of transnational corporations in India?are TNCs creating islands of environmental excellence in a sea of dirt?. Business Strategy And The Environment, 11(2), 103-118. doi: 10.1002/bse.321
The Carbon Brief Profile: India. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.carbonbrief.org/the-carbon-brief-profile-india
The Hindu (2019). Retrieved from https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sc-bans-sale-of-bs-iv-vehicles-from-2020/article25313685.ece
UITP India. (2019). Retrieved from https://india.uitp.org/articles/euro-vi-emission-standards-by-2020
Utting, P. (2002). The greening of business in developing countries. London: Zed Books in association with UNRISD.
Varma, R., & Varma, D. (2005). The Bhopal Disaster of 1984. Bulletin Of Science, Technology & Society, 25(1), 37-45. doi: 10.1177/0270467604273822
Wagner, M. (2005). How to reconcile environmental and economic performance to improve corporate sustainability: corporate environmental strategies in the European paper industry. Journal Of Environmental Management, 76(2), 105-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.11.021