近年來對隱喻的研究已經證實隱喻是反映我們原有的概念系統的重要語言機制，並且把隱喻視為約定俗成的認知結構。以 Lakoff 的觀點來解釋，隱喻的本質是我們以本體來了解客體的過程。我們把這個理論稱之為當代隱喻理論，以此為基礎，Ahrens提出了概念映照模式，指出來源域和客體域之間的概念隱喻的分析是為了決定此隱喻存在的理由。而這個理由我們以公式化的映照原則來表示。
本文中我們利用本體論和語料模式來限定以中文裡股票市場為主其概念譬喻的來源域。藉著以語料為主的模式，在我們的語料中建立了中文股票市場最常見的三個譬喻：股票市場是水、股票市場是人、股票市場是戰爭。本研究主在針對這三個最常見的隱喻作討論。我們提出透過經過兩個步驟來限定這三個最常見的隱喻來源域：首先，我們示範了如何建立映照原則的過程，經過我們的語料分析並且統計出最常見的典型隱喻，並依此建立了映照原則。第二，我們利用上層建議知識本體論來檢驗該映照原則是否為本體論中概念知識的表徵之一。我們證實了該隱喻原則在上層建議知識本體論中是有效的並且限制了每一個來源域只能有一個映照原則。本文更進一步的利用命題結構來完成中文股票市場的概念化譬喻的過程。我們分別在這三種常見的隱喻中界定了三到四個命題結構來顯示其映照的過程。這樣的映照關係同時也反應到語法上不同詞類的使用，例如名詞、動詞、形容詞，並支持了Ahrens 在1999提出的隱喻映照的理論。

The recent studies on metaphor ave proved it to be an important language device in our ordinary conceptual system and treat metaphors as conventionalized cognitive structure. Adopting Lakoff’ view of interpreting metaphor cognitively as a mapping relation from a source domain to a target domain. Ahrens present a processing account, the Conceptual Mapping Model, for the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor (Lakoff and Johnson 1980). The Conceptual Mapping Model point out that the conceptual correspondences between a source and target domain must be analyzed in order to determine the underlying reasons for the source-target pairings. This underlying reason is formulated in terms of a Mapping Principle.
In this paper, we propose an ontology-based and corpus-driven approach to delimit the source domains for stock market metaphor in Chinese. Using a corpora-based approach, we postulate three metaphors in the stock market based frequency: THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL STOCK MARKET IS OCEAN WATER, THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL STOCK MARKET IS PEROSN, THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL STOCK MARKET IS WAR. Our focus is on these three frequent metaphors. We proposed to delimit the source domains in three metaphors via two steps: First, we used a corpora-based analysis to find out the most prototypical mappings in a metaphor, that is we will demonstrate how the process of establishing mapping principles. Second, we used an upper ontology (SUMO) to examine whether the mapping principle is a representation of conceptual knowledge in the ontology. We verified the Mapping Principles are validated using an upper ontology (SUMO) and constrain the Mapping Principle so that there is only one main Mapping Principle per source domain. This paper goes a step further by the proposition-schema to examine the conceptualization stock market metaphor in Chinese. In each metaphor, we can identify three or four proposition-schemas for conceptual mapping. Such conceptual mapping incidentally matches syntactic manifestation in terms of the grammatical parts of speech. Such findings support the theory on metaphorical mapping (Ahrens 1999).

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錢潮週刊 2005.06.04-0610年代出版社出版

On-line Resources
Academia Sinica Balanced Corpus http://www.sinica.edu.tw/SinicaCorpus/

SUMO (Suggested Upper Merged Ontology) http://ontology.teknowledge.com)

Masterlink Securities Corporation http://www.masterlink.com.tw/

Hua Nan Securities http://www.entrust.com.tw