考慮幫蒲之可編程微流體裝置上的流體繞線演算法

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研究生：	賴冠如 Lai, Guan-Ru
論文名稱：	考慮幫蒲之可編程微流體裝置上的流體繞線演算法 Pump-Aware Flow Routing Algorithm for Programmable Microfluidic Devices
指導教授：	何宗易 Ho, Tsung-Yi
口試委員:	陳宏明 Chen, Hung-Ming 黃俊達 Huang, Juinn-Dar
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：
論文出版年：	2017
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	41
中文關鍵詞：	可編程微流體裝置、幫蒲、繞線演算法、阻塞問題
外文關鍵詞：	microfluidic, pump, routing, congestion
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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隨著生物實驗日趨複雜及多樣化，研發特定用途的生物晶片過於耗時且成本過高，為了在不更改架構下能同時執行多種實驗在一個生物晶片上，可編程微流體裝置(PMDs)被開發出來並實現了實驗的高平行度且有效的降低整體實驗完成時間，然而為了避免實驗試劑混和的情形，必須限制兩個以上的試劑不能同時流入相同通道，因此高平行度下實驗之間可能會發生嚴重的阻塞問題，除此之外，由於試劑的流動需要外部幫浦的推動，從外部幫浦到試劑之間的通道會被氣壓所佔據且不允許其他試劑流通，如此一來，阻塞問題變得更加複雜進而增長實驗總完成時間並提高試劑損壞的可能，為了減緩阻塞問題，我們提出第一個考慮幫浦的繞線演算法，並在實驗證實我們的演算法能有效的降低總體實驗完成時間。

As the biochemical experiment becomes more complicated and more diverse, the process of developing a specific-purpose microfluidic biochip for a new task can be very expensive and time consuming. Therefore, the programmable microfluidic devices (PMDs) are proposed as general purpose devices which can perform multiple functions without any hardware modification. Because the PMDs are controlled by pure software program, the assays can be done in parallel and the total completion time can be reduced. However, the high parallelism may cause congestion problem as different reagents are not allowed to cross each other to avoid unexpected mixing. Moreover, since reagents are pushed by the off-chip pump, the free channel from an off-chip pump to the actuated reagent is also prohibited to pass through. This could further complicate the congestion problem and increase the assay completion time significantly. However, some vulnerable reagents may spoil over time during the experiment. For timing critical application, it is indispensable to ensure the total assay completion time is within an upper limit. Therefore, we propose a pump-aware flow routing algorithm which deals with the complex routing congestion while minimizing the assay completion time within an upper limit.

Acknowledgement i
Abstract ii
Introduction 1
1 Flow-based Microfluidic Biochip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Programmable Microfluidic Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3 Congestion Problem of PMDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Background 6
1 Programmable Microfluidic Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.1 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2 Flow Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Previous Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Global Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Detailed Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Problem Formulation 10
1 Model of PMDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2 The Routing Problem on PMDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3 The Constraints on PMDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.1 Source and Target Restriction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2 Valve Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3 Fluidic Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.4 Pressure-Route Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.5 Pump Replacement Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Pump-Aware Flow Routing Algorithm 16
1 Global Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.1 L Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.2 Monotonic Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2 Relation Graph Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3 Detailed Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.1 Cycle Resolving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.1.1 Backtrack Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.1.2 Dijkstras Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.1.3 Rollback Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Conflict Resolving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Experiment 33
1 Simulation Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Conclusions 36
References 37
                                

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