EcoMini: 微小型藍芽低功耗動作感測節點｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表

研究生：	許亨百 Hsu, Hen Pai
論文名稱：	EcoMini: 微小型藍芽低功耗動作感測節點 EcoMini: Low-Power, Miniature Bluetooth Low Energy Motion Sensor Node
指導教授：	周百祥 Chou, Pai H.
口試委員:	蔡明哲 Tsai, Ming-Jer 徐正炘 Hsu, Cheng-Hsin
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系 Computer Science
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	49
中文關鍵詞：	藍芽、低功耗、感測網路、節點
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
分享至:	分享至facebook 分享至twitter

查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

物聯網的興起帶動了一類新的嵌入式系統, 綜合了短距離低功耗無線通訊技術與鄰近感測、慣性感測、與時鐘日曆晶片(RTC) 整合成微型電路板。這樣的系統在收集使用情景資訊時可以相當實用,包括使用者行為、手式、使用者所在地點、方向、動作、與其他使用者或物件相遇、以及時間。使用者的情景的資訊,將會是一大關鍵技術, 使得普及的電子系統能夠真正地提升到智慧型的行為。但是目前很少合乎所有需要功能的嵌入式系統平台。
在本論文內,我們介紹一個新的無線動作感測節點,叫做EcoMini, 是一個微小的12 mm × 9 mm 的電路板,上面有時鐘、藍芽低功耗(BLE)收發訊器。使用的是單晶片架構,也就是同一微處理器包含了BLE通訊堆疊與應用程式層的軟體。 BLE通訊協定的優勢是,可以直接與智慧型手機與個人電腦通訊,不需經過轉接收發器或閘道器。九軸慣性感測器包含了一個數位三軸加速規、三軸陀螺儀同時整合在單一封裝內,除了感測功能之外,也能靠動作驅動有效的耗能管理。本系統的貢獻包括了設計上在功耗、尺寸、與擴充性之間達到了平衡。此系統已容易地被應用於數個物聯網應用上,有效地實作出嵌入式系統的部份, 包括以動作驅動的鄰近標籤、空中滑鼠、智慧拖鞋、以及認人廚櫃門。

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to a new class of embedded systems that combine short-range, low-power wireless communication with proximity sensing, inertial sensing, and real-time clock (RTC) in a miniature package. Such a system can be very useful in collecting contextual information for its user, including user behavior or gesture, user location, orientation, and motion, user encounter with other users or objects, and time. Such context can be crucial in making pervasive electronic systems behave in a truly intelligent way. Unfortunately, there have been few platforms to date that can provide all the necessary features.
In this thesis, we present EcoMini, a new wireless motion-sensing node with RTC and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio transceiver, all in a miniature size of 12 mm × 9 mm. It uses the same programmable microcontroller unit (MCU) for both the BLE protocol stack and application code. BLE enables direct connectivity to smartmobiles and PC/Mac computers without the inconvenience of a dongle or gateway. The 9 degree-of-freedom (9-DoF) inertial sensor includes a digital triaxial accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a compass in one package. Its threshold detection feature enables effective motion-based power management. The contributions include a balance between power, size, and expandability. This system has been used for easy, efficient implementation of several IoT devices, including a motion-enabled proximity tag, an air-mouse, smart slippers, and person- identifying cabinet doors.

Introduction 6
1 Motivation........................................ 6 
1.1 Connectivity .................................. 6 
1.2 Sensing..................................... 7
2 Contributions ...................................... 7
Related Work 8 
1 SeparateApplicationProcessorandRFModule .................... 8 
1.1 SeparateMCUboard+RFexpansionmodule . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 
1.2 Single-BoardMCUandRFsubsystem..................... 10 
2 Single-ChipApplicationwithRFProcessor ...................... 10 
2.1 Single-ChipRF-MCU ............................. 11 
2.2 NodesbasedonSingle-ChipSolutions..................... 11
System Architecture 14 
1 MCU .............................. 14
2 Sensor.......................................... 16 
2.1 MotionSensor ................................. 16 
2.2 MagneticSwitch ................................ 17 
2.3 Real-TimeClock ................................ 18
3 RF............................................ 18 
3.1 BLETransceiver ................................ 18 
3.2 Antenna..................................... 18
4 Power.......................................... 19 
4.1 PowerSource.................................. 19 
4.2 Regulator.................................... 20
5 PhysicalDesign..................................... 21 
5.1 EffectonRFPerformance ........................... 21 
5.2 PhysicalConnector............................... 22 
5.3 Pinout...................................... 22
Firmware Architecture 26
1 SingleChip ....................................... 26 
1.1 OSAL...................................... 26 
1.2 HAL ...................................... 29 
1.3 GATTProfile.................................. 29 
1.4 Over-the-AirDownload ............................ 30 
1.5 ProprietaryRFMode.............................. 31
2 NetworkProcessor ................................... 31
Evaluation 32 
1 ExperimentalSetup................................... 32 
1.1 PowerSupplyandMeasurementInstruments . . . . . . . 32
1.2 RFMeasurement................................ 33
1.3 BoardsforComparison............................. 33
2 PowerConsumption................................... 34 
2.1 ActivePower.................................. 34 
2.2 SleepPowerandBatteryLife ......................... 35
3 RFPerformance..................................... 37 
3.1 MeasuredRSSI................................. 37 
3.2 RFRange.................................... 38
4 Software......................................... 46 
4.1 CodeDensity.................................. 46 
4.2 RemoteProgrammability(OAD)........................ 46
Conclusions and Future Work 48 
1 Conclusions....................................... 48 
2 FutureWork....................................... 49
                                

[1] CDR03A information. http://www.ecbub.com/byp_3465297_RF-module-rf-remote.htm.
[2] FSI000A datasheet. http://www.xenon-tech.com/support/1/RFspec.pdf.
[3] BLE Developer’s Guide for Over-the-Air Download for CC254x . http://processors.wiki. ti.com/images/8/82/OAD_for_CC254x.pdf.
[4] CCdebugger User Guide. www.ti.com/lit/ug/swru197h/swru197h.pdf.
[5] Current Savings in CC254x Application Note. http://www.ti.com/lit/an/swra365b/
swra365b.pdf.
[6] InvenSense - Official website. http://www.invensense.com.
[7] LightBlue - Official website. https://itunes.apple.com/tw/app/ lightblue-bluetooth-low-energy/id557428110?mt=8.
[8] LIS331DLH - Datasheet. http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/ datasheet/CD00213470.pdf.
[9] M41T62 - Datasheet. http://www.st.com/web/en/resource/technical/document/ datasheet/CD00019860.pdf.
[10] TPS62730 - Data Sheet. http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tps62730.pdf. 50

[11] TPS62740 - Data Sheet. www.ti.com/slvsb02-aaj.
[12] Win Wave - Official website. http://www.winwave.tw.
[13] Xbee datasheet. https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Wireless/Zigbee/ XBee-Datasheet.pdf, September 2009.
[14] HC-05 datasheet. http://arduino-ua.com/docs/DS_BluetoothHC05.pdf, June 2010.
[15] CC3000 datasheet. www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cc3000.pdf, November 2012.
[16] AAT3221IJS datasheet. http://www.skyworksinc.com/uploads/documents/AAT3221_ AAT3222_202251B.pdf, May 2013.
[17] BLUEGIGA. Bluegiga BLE113. http://www.bluetooth.org/tpg/RefNotes/BLE113_ Datasheet.pdf, May 2013.
[18] BOSCH. BMA222 datasheet. https://ae-bst.resource.bosch.com/media/products/ dokumente/bma222/bst-bma222-ds002-05.pdf, May 2012.
[19] BROADCOM. WICED SMART. http://community.broadcom.com/servlet/JiveServlet/ previewBody/1514-102-4-1835/MMPWICEDSmart-HS101-RDS.pdf, May 2014.
[20] BROADCOM. BCM20737S datasheet. https://www.anaren.com/airforwiced/sites/ default/files/temp/PDFs/ANN-20737x.pdf, March 2015.
[21] CHEN, C. Y., CHEN, Y. T., TU, Y. H., YANG, S. Y., AND CHOU, P. H. EcoSpire: An application development kit for an ultra-compact wireless sensing system. IEEE Embedded Systems Letters 1, 3 (2009), 65–68.
[22] EDMONDS, N., STARK, D., AND DAVIS, J. Mass: Modular architecture for sensor systems.
2005 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, IPSN 2005 2005 (2005), 393–397.
51
[23] HILL, J. L., AND CULLER, D. E. Mica: A wireless platform for deeply embedded networks. IEEE Micro 22, 6 (2002), 12–24.
[24] HUANG, Y.-T., AND CHOU, P. H. EcoBN: Design and Evaluation of a Bluetooth Low Energy Wireless Sensor Platform.
[25] JAFAR, H., AND HADI, M. A. Global Warming. 978–979.
[26] KAHN, J., KATZ, R., AND PISTER, K. Next century challenges: mobile networking for Smart Dust. Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking (1999), 271278.
[27] KING, J., BOSE, R., YANG, H.-I., PICKLES, S., AND HELAL, A. Atlas : A Service-Oriented Sensor Platform. 630–638.
[28] LYMBEROPOULOS, D., AND SAVVIDES, A. XYZ: A motion-enabled, power aware sensor node platform for distributed sensor network applications. 2005 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, IPSN 2005 2005 (2005), 449–454.
[29] MAINWARING, A., CULLER, D., POLASTRE, J., SZEWCZYK, R., AND ANDERSON, J. Wire- less sensor networks for habitat monitoring. Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications - WSNA ’02 (2002), 88.
[30] NACHMAN, L., KLING, R., ADLER, R., HUANG, J., AND HUMMEL, V. The Intel mote platform: A Bluetooth*-based sensor network for industrial monitoring. 2005 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, IPSN 2005 2005, C (2005), 437– 442.
[31] NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR. nRF51822 Datasheet. http://www.nordicsemi.com/eng/ nordic/download_resource/20339/13/14688024.
52
[32] O’FLYNN, B., BELLIS, S., DELANEY, K., BARTON, J., O’MATHUNA, S. C., BARROSO, A. M., BENSON, J., ROEDIG, U., AND SREENAN, C. The Development of a novel mina- turized modular platform for wireless sensor networks. 2005 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, IPSN 2005 2005 (2005), 370–375.
[33] PARK, C., AND CHOU, P. H. Eco: Ultra-wearable and expandable wireless sensor platform.
Proceedings - BSN 2006: International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 (2006), 162–165.
[34] POLASTRE, J., SZEWCZYK, R., AND CULLER, D. Telos: Enabling ultra-low power wireless research. 2005 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, IPSN 2005 2005 (2005), 364–369.
[35] REDBEARLAB. CC3200 module web site. http://store.redbearlab.com/products/ wifi-mini.
[36] SAMSUNG. Artik1. https://www.artik.io/assets/Samsung_Brief_Artik_Family.pdf.
[37] SILICON LABS. EM346 Datasheet. http://www.silabs.com/Support%20Documents/
TechnicalDocs/EM346_Datasheet.pdf, 2014.
[38] STECKLINA, O., GENSCHOW, D., AND GOLTZ, C. TandemStack A Flexible and Customizable
Sensor Node Platform for Low Power Applications. 65–72.
[39] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. CC3200 LaunchPad web site. http://www.ti.com/tool/
cc3200-launchxl#descriptionArea.
[40] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. CC1110 Datasheet. http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/
cc1110-cc1111.pdf, 2013.
[41] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. sensorTag datasheet. http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/swru324b/ swru324b.pdf, April 2013.
53
[42] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. CC2650 Datasheet. http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cc2650. pdf, 2015.
[43] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. CC3200 Datasheet. www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cc3200.pdf, February 2015.
[44] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS. TMP006 datasheet. http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tmp006. pdf, April 2015.
[45] WANG, A., HUANG, Y.-T., LEE, C.-T., HSU, H.-P., AND CHOU, P. H. EcoBT : Miniature , Versatile Mote Platform Based on Bluetooth Low Energy Technology.
[46] WERNER-ALLEN, G., LORINCZ, K., JOHNSON, J., LEES, J., AND WELSH, M. Fidelity and Yield in a Volcano Monitoring Sensor Network. Osdi . Usenix, 2006. (2006), 381–396.
[47] YANG, B., ZHAN, Y., AND MA, S. Wireless module hardware design based on CC1100.
Proceedings - 2012 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, FSKD 2012, 24 (2012), 2278–2281.

全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (校內網路)
全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

相關論文