射頻加速器中的電子束時空操控｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	趙芙涵 Chao, Fu Han
論文名稱：	射頻加速器中的電子束時空操控 Spatiotemporal manipulation of electron beams in RF accelerators
指導教授：	黃衍介 Yen-Chieh Huang 周炳榮 Ping-J. Chou
口試委員:	林明緯 Min-Wei Lin 張存續 Tsun-Hsu Chang 黃清鄉 Ching-Shiang Hwang 林克剛 Ke-Kang Lin
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	理學院 - 先進光源科技學位學程 Degree Program of Science and Technology of Synchrotron Light Source
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	104
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	118
中文關鍵詞：	粒子加速器、電子束團操縱、先進光源、超輻射、自由電子雷射
外文關鍵詞：	Particle accelerator, Beam manipulation, Advanced light sources, Superradiance, Free electron laser
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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在世界各處,有許多的高能電子加速器光源已完工且進行運轉,如儲存環,自由電子雷射,能量回收式直線加速器。隨著對設計高亮度高同調性小巧光源的追求不斷提升,產生相對應高亮度電子束的方法也因應而生。我們將介紹一些已發展用於提升幅射特質的電子束團操控方法。
在此論文中,我們將討論範圍限定於直線型射頻加速器系統的電子束動力學,與分析由射頻電磁場與空間電荷場引發的電子束變型現象。為了在此現象影響下能得到理想的輸出電子團，我們使用自行開發的演算法來推算加速器系統的輸入電子團時空分佈。我們提出兩個新的電子束團操控方式,且介紹如何藉由光陰極的設計和先進光學技術在光陰極產生具有特別時空分佈的電子團。透過模擬結果,我們證實拍赫茲高精細度的密度分布調控微電子團可成功在加速過程中產生。在各種加速器光源中,此類精密微電子團可用於產生短波長同調性幅射。在同樣的光源中,同調性輻射的亮度比起隨機分布電子束產生的非同調性輻射大了數個等級。我們提出的這兩個方法提供更多控制維度,使人得以更加方便的進行電子束團操控。此外,在此論文提出一個自由電子雷射放大器搭配可調式太赫茲光參數放大雷射種子的設計。在此設計中,百萬電子伏特電子束的相空間操控,以及太赫茲輻射光的放大,都可以在一個聚頻磁鐵中完成。

A variety of accelerator-based light sources driven by relativistic electron beams, such as storage rings, free electron lasers and energy recovery linacs, have been commissioned and operated around the world. To meet the increasing demands for generating intense coherent radiations from compact accelerator beamlines, new schemes for producing electron beams with corresponding properties have been developed. We introduce several beam manipulation schemes developed for improving the radiation properties in modern accelerator systems.
In this dissertation, we focus on the beam dynamics in linear RF accelerator systems, and analyze an interesting distortion phenomenon of electron beams induced by the RF acceleration and space charge fields. To obtain a desired output beam, we take into account the distortion phenomenon and calculate the spatiotemporal distribution of the input beam by using self-developed algorithms. We describe two proposed schemes which rely on the design of the photocathode and advanced optical technologies to realize a tailor-designed spatiotemporal distribution of the input beams during photoemission. The simulation results show that a tenuous density modulation with a frequency between sub-petahertz to a few petahertz can be created in electron beams with the proposed schemes. Such a density-modulated beam is useful to generate coherent radiation at short wavelengths in various accelerator-based light sources. The power of the coherent radiation can be orders of magnitude brighter than that of the incoherent radiation from a randomly distributed beam in an equivalent light source. Of particular interest is the two proposed schemes allow one to conveniently manipulate the beams with additional degrees of freedom. Furthermore, we propose a design of a free electron laser amplification system seeded by a broadly tunable terahertz parametric amplifier laser, in which both the phase space manipulation of the MeV electron beam and amplification of terahertz radiation can be implemented in an undulator.

Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION    1
1 MOTIVATION    1
2 BASIC PRINCIPLES    1
3 OVERVIEW OF RECENTLY DEVELOPED BEAM MANIPULATION SCHEMES IN ACCELERATOR SYSTEMS    2
4 GENERATION OF ULTRASHORT ELECTRON BUNCHES FROM AN RF PHOTOINJECTOR    2
5 GENERATION AND RADIATION OF PHZ REPETITIVE HOLLOW ELECTRON BUNCHES    3
6 BROADLY TUNABLE HIGH POWER THZ FEL AMPLIFIER    3
REFERENCES    3
CHAPTER 2 BASIC PRINCIPLES    5
1 INTRODUCTION    5
2 BASICS OF SUPERRADIANT EMISSION    5
2.1 Superradiant emission from a single group of emitters    5
2.2 Superradiant emission from multiple groups of emitters    7
3 INCOHERENT AND COHERENT RADIATION FROM ELECTRON BEAMS    8
4 SASE AND SUPERRADIANT FREE ELECTRON LASERS    8
5 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS    11
6 CONCLUSION    13
REFERENCES    13
CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW OF RECENTLY DEVELOPED BEAM MANIPULATION SCHEMES    14
1 INTRODUCTION    14
2 PHOTOEMISSION MANIPULATION    14
2.1 Laser beat-wave    15
2.2 Experiments of multicolor lasers in NTHU    17
2.3 Laser pulse stacking    22
2.4 Schottky-enabled photoemission    24
3 PHASE SPACE MANIPULATION OF ELECTRON BEAMS WITH DISPERSION ELEMENT    27
3.1 Transverse-to-longitudinal emittance exchange    27
3.2 Laser-beam interaction    31
3.3 Compression of a chirped beam in a chicane magnet    32
3.4 Frequency upconversion and high harmonic generation    34
4 CONCLUSIONS    36
REFERENCES    37
CHAPTER 4 GENERATION OF ULTRASHORT ELECTRON BUNCHES FROM AN RF PHOTOINJECTOR    40
1 INTRODUCTION    40
2 BUNCH LENGTH AND BUNCHING FACTOR    41
3 BEAM DYNAMICS OF ULTRASHORT BUNCHES IN AN RF PHOTOINJECTOR    44
3.1 Field distribution and electron motion    44
3.2 Evolution of an ultrashort electron bunch    47
3.3 Evolution of an ultrashort electron-pulse train    51
4 ELECTRON ACCELERATION WITH INJECTION PHASE COMPENSATION    54
4.1 Schematic of injection phase compensation    54
4.2 Single-bunch acceleration with full phase compensation    55
4.3 Multi-bunch acceleration with partial phase compensation    59
4.4 Multi-bunch acceleration with full phase compensation    61
5 CONCLUSION    63
REFERENCES    65
CHAPTER 5 GENERATION AND RADIATION OF PHZ REPETITIVE HOLLOW ELECTRON BUNCHES    68
1 INTRODUCTION    68
2 RADIAL DEPENDENCE OF RF ACCELERATION    70
2.1    Radially dependent RF acceleration fields    70
2.2    Spatial transformation of a short electron beam    72
3 RADIATION AND BUNCHING FACTOR OF DENSITY MODULATED BEAM    73
3.1    Bunching factor of an arbitrarily shaped electron beam    74
3.2    Bunching factor of an electron beam with a small beam radius    76
4 GENERATION OF STRUCTURED HOLLOW ELECTRON BEAM    77
4.1 Multi-ring structured photocathode    77
4.2 PHz structured hollow electron beam    80
4.3 Bunching factors of solid and hollow structured electron beams    86
5 CONCLUSION    90
REFERENCES    91
CHAPTER 6 BROADLY TUNABLE HIGH POWER THZ FEL AMPLIFIER    95
1. INTRODUCTION    95
2. THZ SEED LASER    96
2.1 Nonlinear wavelength conversion processes for generating THz radiation    96
2.2 THz parameter amplifier    97
2.3 Electron-laser interaction    98
3. THZ FEL AMPLIFIER    100
3.1 System layout    100
3.2 Temporal synchronization of THz seed and bunch beam    102
3.3 Seed laser and electron microbunching    103
3.4 Undulator tapering    104
3.5 Spectral tunability and power amplification of the system    104
4. CONCLUSION    106
REFERENCES    107
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK    110
1 CONCLUSION    110
2 FUTURE WORK: CONTAMINATION-FREE EUV SOURCE    112
REFERENCE    114


                                

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