奈米碳管複合材料與電漿改質碳纖維應用於超級電容之研究

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研究生：	廖乙媗 Liao, I-Hsuan
論文名稱：	奈米碳管複合材料與電漿改質碳纖維應用於超級電容之研究 Carbon Nanotube Composites and Plasma Modified Carbon Fiber Cloth for Supercapacitors
指導教授：	徐文光 Hsu, Wen-Kuang
口試委員:	連德軒 Lien, Der-Hsien 郭信甫 Kuo, Hsin-Fu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2021
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	68
中文關鍵詞：	奈米碳管、電漿改質、碳纖維布、超級電容
外文關鍵詞：	Carbon Nanotubes, Plasma Modification, Carbon Fiber Cloth, Supercapacitor
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本研究試圖開發以碳纖維布作為電極基材的超級電容，利用兩種方式去提升電容值，分別是在碳纖維布(carbon fiber cloth，CFC)上塗佈奈米碳管(carbon nanotubes，CNTs)漿料以及施加電漿來對碳纖維布進行表面改質。
本實驗將多壁奈米碳管和聚乙烯醇(PVA)混合配置成漿料，塗佈於碳纖維布上，在氮氣保護下經過1000°C並持溫一小時的熱處理，以達到碳化效果，由循環伏安法測得其比電容為18.9 F/g，相較於同樣經過熱處理，但未塗佈漿料的純碳纖維布，其比電容值提升了超過兩倍。
此外也將碳纖維布分別施打氧氣電漿與氮氣電漿，並比較經過1、3、5分鐘處理時間的結果，以化學分析電子能譜儀(ESCA)分析鍵結的種類與比例關係，經由表面水接觸角的量測，探討碳纖維布的親水性變化，並利用電化學阻抗圖譜(EIS)分析不同試片的電阻差異。實驗發現經過一分鐘的氧氣電漿處理的CFC，擁有最高的比電容值，可以提升至30.3 F/g，此外在經過3000次循環伏安法量測後，其仍保有83 %的比電容，擁有良好的循環壽命。
最後將電極組裝成三明治結構的超級電容器，將其充電十秒後再接至LED燈上，可以成功讓它發光，表示不需要耗費很高的成本和繁複的製程，也能製作出具有一定效能的超級電容器。

This research attempts to develop a supercapacitor using carbon fiber cloth as electrodes. Two methods are used to promote specific capacitance, including coating of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on carbon fiber cloth (CFC) and plasma modified CFC.
In this experiment, multi-walled CNTs and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are mixed and configured into a slurry, which is coated on a CFC and is carbonized at 1000°C in the presence of N2 for 1h. The specific capacitance measured by cyclic voltammetry is 18.9 F/g, which is more than twice as large as the pure CFC that has been heat-treated but is not coated with slurry.
In addition, oxygen and nitrogen plasma are applied to CFC, and results of different gases and treatment times are compared. Experiments show that CFC treated with oxygen plasma for one minute has specific capacitance of 30.3 F/g with 83% retention after 3000 cyclic voltammetry measurements.

摘要...................................    i
Abstract...............................    ii
致謝...................................    iii
目錄...................................    iv
圖目錄..................................    vii
表目錄..................................    xi
第一章    緒論...........................    1
1-1前言................................    1
1-2研究動機.............................    2
第二章    理論與文獻回顧..................    3
2-1碳纖維布介紹.........................    3
2-2奈米碳管.............................    6
2-2-1奈米碳管的結構.....................    6
2-2-2奈米碳管的電性.....................    8
2-3電漿................................    11
2-3-1直流輝光放電電漿...................    13
2-3-2電漿表面改質原理...................    14
2-4超級電容器...........................    16
2-4-1超級電容器簡介.....................    16
2-4-2電雙層電容.........................    18
2-4-3擬電容.............................    22
2-4-4電極特性要求.......................    23
2-4-5電解液之選用.......................    24
2-5超級電容器之電極材料..................    25
2-5-1碳系材料...........................    25
2-5-2過渡金屬氧化物.....................    25
2-5-3導電高分子.........................    26
2-6電化學性質分析.......................    26
2-6-1循環伏安法.........................    26
2-6-2比電容值之計算.....................    27
2-6-3交流阻抗理論.......................    28
第三章    研究方法 ....................... 30
3-1實驗藥品與器材.......................    30
3-2實驗流程圖...........................    32
3-3實驗步驟.............................    33
3-3-1製備奈米碳管漿料...................    33
3-3-2奈米碳管/碳纖維布電極之製備.........    33
3-3-3碳纖維布之電漿處理..................    33
3-3-4超級電容器之組裝...................    34
3-4量測與分析...........................    34
3-4-1掃描式電子顯微鏡 (SEM).............    34
3-4-2拉曼光譜儀 (Raman spectrometer)....    35
3-4-3化學分析電子能譜儀 (ESCA)...........    36
3-4-4電化學性質量測.....................    37
第四章    實驗結果與討論..................    38
4-1電極材料組成與結構分析................    38
4-1-1 SEM微結構分析.....................    38
4-1-2 Raman光譜分析.....................    40
4-1-3 ESCA分析.........................    43
4-2親水性分析...........................    49
4-3電化學性質分析.......................    50
4-3-1循環伏安法測試.....................    50
4-3-2倍率性能測試.......................    53
4-3-3電化學交流阻抗分析..................    55
4-3-4循環壽命測試.......................    59
4-4超級電容器功能測試....................    61
第五章    結論...........................    62
參考文獻................................    63


                                

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