簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 馬法蓮
Melius, Valencia Sharvana
論文名稱: 開發中國家經濟研究:分析影響香蕉栽種與出口之因素--以聖露西亞為例
A Study On A Developing Country’s Economy: A Case in St. Lucia Analysing the Factors Affecting the Banana Cultivation and Exportation Industry
指導教授: 王振源
Wong, Chan-Yuan
口試委員: 陳詩欣
Chen, Shih-Hsin
錢克瑄
Chien, Ker-Hsuan
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 科技管理學院 - 國際專業管理碩士班
International Master of Business Administration(IMBA)
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 62
中文關鍵詞: 農業旅游高檔化多樣化土地掠奪
外文關鍵詞: agriculture, tourism, gentrification, diversification, land grabbing
相關次數: 點閱:3下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • N/A


    St. Lucia, a small developing country, survived on agriculture - sugarcane and then bananas - cultivation and exportation from colonial times until the 1990’s. Presently, the country’s source of income is mainly tourism. However, the banana farming industry is still being used, though it is facing many hardships. A range of factors, including global competition, climate change and ineffective and insufficient human resources both labourers and committee representatives according to secondary information. However, primary data adds to the list of factors. The respondents have indicated that lack of proper management from FDI and CIP in the tourism sector is a hindrance. Tourism is becoming increasingly considered as an economic developer from the 1960’s 1970’s. Business is about seizing opportunities; and an opportunity in tourism has been recognized. But does that mean there isn’t an opportunity in the agriculture industry? With more CPI and FDI programmes in the tourism sector taking place, is it helping the situation? The world has shut its borders due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which means a curveball on the economies which are being fueled mainly or only on tourism. This study sought to find out whether modernizing and continuing the banana industry; or focusing on the tourism sector and investments projects such as FDI and CIP in tourism will better fuel the economy. In this research the method used was a combination of quantitative and qualitative. The primary data was collected using an online poll and questionnaire and an interview with a focus group. The results indicated that the current foreign investments as hotels has helped the economy not neglecting that it has also impacted the banana industry. In addition, a new citizenship by investment program called the Desert Star Holdings has been looked down upon for land grabbing, affecting the agriculture sector and other tourist attractions. The results further showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the country should rely on agriculture cultivation and exportation to sustain the economy. Post-pandemic, the country’s economy should be diversified. The findings are nothing new to the policy makers, they have had their own strategy indicating the need to modernize the banana industry and make the economy diversified. The findings are basically emphasizing that they should follow the strategy, get the necessary assistance - as the Taiwan government continues to help - and efficiently allocate the finances. Now that the policy makers can see how the mentioned suggestions and the literature review have helped other countries and, perhaps they can consider following their pattern.

    Background 3 Literature review 8 Country classification 8 Agriculture as a development strategy 10 Tourism as another development strategy 13 Land grabbing 13 Diversification 16 Gentrification 20 Policy management 23 Research Questions: 23 Methodology 24 Research strategy 24 Conceptual framework 26 Research tools 27 Sampling strategy 29 Ethical considerations 29 Workflow for this study 30 Findings and discussion 30 Poll 31 Questionnaire and interview 31 St. Lucia’s Economic Background and Changes 31 The factors affecting St. Lucia’s banana cultivation and exportation industry 34 The Impact of FDI in the Tourism Sector 38 The DSH Case: foriegn investment (CIP) 41 A country should have at least two pillars to stand on 43 Suggestions 43 Conclusion 46 Reference 48 Bibliography 53 Appendix 55

    Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) - St. Lucia. (n.d.). World Bank Open Data | Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=LC

    Ahmad, M., Jadoon, M. A., Ahmad, I., & Khan, H. (2007). Impact of trainings imparted to enhance agricultural production in district Mansehra. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 23(4), 1211.

    Berezin, P., Salehizadeh, A., Santana, E. (2002) The Challenge of Diversification in the Baribberan, in: International Monetary Fund, available from: http://ctrc.sice.oas.org/geograph/caribbean/berezin.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Betancur, J. J. (2014) Gentrification in Latin America: Overview and Critical Analysis, in: Urban Studies Research, available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/usr/2014/986961/ - accessed 10/05/2021

    Briones, R and Felipe, J (August 2013) “Agriculture and Structural Transformation in Developing Asia: Review and Outlook”. ADB Economics Working Paper Series.

    Burja, V., Tamas-Szora, A., Dobra, I. B. (2020) Land Concentration, Land Grabbing and Sustainable Development of Agriculture in Romania, in: Sustainability, vol. 12, DOI: 10.3390/su12052137

    Cochraine, L. (2016) Land Grabbing, in: Kaplan, M., Thompson, P. B. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, pp. 1 - 5, Cham: Springer

    Croes, R.; Vanegas, M. Tourism and poverty alleviation: A co-integration analysis. J. Travel Res. 2008, 47, 94–103.

    Data tables. (2020, August 3). The Central Statistical Office of Saint Lucia. https://www.stats.gov.lc/data/data-tables/

    De la Roca, J., Navarrete, J., Larrain, I. (2017) Assessment Methodologies and Expected Impacts, available from: https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/Urban-Revitalization-Assessment-Methodologies-and-Expected-Impacts.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Franco, J., Borras, S., Alonso-Fradejas, A., Buxton, N., Herre, R., Kay, S., Feodoroff, T. (2013) The Global Land Grab - A Primer, in: TNI Agrarian Justice Programme, available from: https://www.tni.org/files/download/landgrabbingprimer-feb2013.pdf - accessed 11/05/2021

    Goletti, F. (1999) Agricultural Diversification and rural Industrialisation as a Strategy for Rural Income Growth and Poverty Reduction in Indochina and Myanmar, available from: www.ageconsearch.umn.edu - accessed 10/05/2021

    Gould, K. A., Lewis, T. L. (2018) Green Gentrification and Disaster Capitalism in Barbuda, in: NACLA Report on the Americas, vol. 50 (2), pp. 148-153, DOI: 10.1080/10714839.2018.1479466

    Hunt, S. (2015) Large-scale Land Acquisitions, in: Christian Aid Ireland, available from: https://www.christianaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/2016-03/large-scale-land-acquisitions-nov-2015.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    IICA Delegation in St. Lucia. (2016). Annual Report: Saint Lucia IICA’S Contribution To The Development Of Agriculture And Rural Communities. IICA. https://file:///home/chronos/u-e73be385ce153d8d00ad275f1d749ae50d753c56/MyFiles/Downloads/Thesis/IICA%20-%20SLU,%20Agri.pdf

    International Monetary Fund. (2018). 2018 ARTICLE IV CONSULTATION—PRESS RELEASE; STAFF REPORT; AND STATEMENT BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR ST. LUCIA (18/179). IMF. https://file:///home/chronos/u-e73be385ce153d8d00ad275f1d749ae50d753c56/MyFiles/Downloads/Thesis/slu-%20debt.pdf

    Jenkins, R. - G. (2014) Agriculture and Tourism Development: The Case of St Kitts, Masters Thesis, in: University of Waterloo, available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144147461.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Kachika, T. (2010) Land Grabbing in Africa: A Review of the Impacts and the Possible Policy Response, in: Oxfam Blogs, available from: https://www.oxfamblogs.org/eastafrica/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Land-Grabbing-in-Africa.-Final.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Khan. A., Bibi, S., Lorenzo, A., Lyu, J. and Babar, Z. U. 2020. Tourism and Development in Developing Economies: A Policy Implication Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland). MDPI

    Klak, T., Wiley, J., Mullaney, E., Peteru, S., Regan, S. and Merilus, J. (2009). Inclusive Neoliberalism?: Perspectives from Eastern Caribbean farmers. Progress in Development Studies.

    Melville, G. (2003). The Windward Islands. UNCTAD, Turning Losses into Gains: SIDS and Multilateral Trade Liberalisation in Agriculture, New York and Geneva: United Nations, 97-126.

    Mohan, P. (2016) Caribbean Diversification and Development, in: World Economy, vol. 39 (9), DOI:10.1111/twec.12387

    National Competitiveness and Productivity Council. (2015). Saint Lucia Productivity Summary Report. Department of Finance, Saint Lucia. https://saint-lucia-productivity-study-summary-2000-2015.pdf

    National Geographic. “Development.” Retrieved from: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/development/

    Nedučin, D. (2009) Influences of Gentrification on Identity, available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/27166689.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Pacheco, J., Ochoa-Moreno, W. S., Ordonez, J., Izquierdo-Montoya, L. (2014) Agricultural Diversification and Economic Growth in Ecuador, in: Sustainability, vol. 10, DOI:10.3390/su10072257

    Piñeros, S. (2017) Tourism Gentrification in the Cities of Developing Countries: A Case Study of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, in: Gravari-Barbas, M., Guinand, M. (Eds.) Tourism and Gentrification in Contemporary Metropolises, Abingdon: Routledge

    Piñeiro, V., Arias, J., Dürr, J. et al. A scoping review on incentives for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and their outcomes. Nat Sustain 3, 809–820 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-00617-y

    PM's 2018/2019 budget address. (n.d.). Loop News. https://www.loopslu.com/content/pms-20182019-budget-address

    Richardson-Ngwenya, P., Momsen, J. (2011) Tourism and Agriculture in Barbados: Changing Relationships, in: Torres, F., Momsen, J. (Eds.) Tourism and Agriculture: New Geographies of Consumption, Production and Rural Restructuring, Abingdon: Routledge

    Santangelo, G. D. (2018). The impact of FDI in land in agriculture in developing countries on host country food security. Journal of World Business, 53(1), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2017.07.006

    Sharma, P. K. (1990). Export Marketing. Printwell Publishers.

    Sheppard, S. (n.d.) Gentrification, available from: https://web.williams.edu/Economics/ArtsEcon/library/pdfs/WhyIsGentrificationAProbREFORM.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    Sign the petition. (n.d.). Change.org. https://www.change.org/p/vieux-fort-concerned-citizens-coalition-for-change-dsh-project-for-vieux-fort-st-lucia-a-better-deal

    Steckley, M., & Weis, T. (2016). Agriculture in and beyond the Haitian catastrophe. Third World Quarterly, 38(2), 397-413. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2016.1256762

    TaiwanICDF ─ banana Black Sigatoka disease prevention and treatment project (St. Lucia). (2013, December 31). 財團法人國際合作發展基金會. https://www.icdf.org.tw/ct.asp?xItem=18907&CtNode=29823&mp=2

    Tang, S.; Selvanathan, E.A.; Selvanathan, S. The Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Tourism: Empirical Evidence from China. Tour. Econ. 2007, 13, 25–39.

    Thorbecke, E. (1979). Agricultural development. Economic growth and structural change in Taiwan, 132-205.

    Tourism contribution to GDP Caribbean countries. (2020, July 8). Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/789517/caribbean-direct-contribution-travel-tourism-gdp-country/

    UNCTAD (2018) Diversification and Value Addition, available from: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/cimem2d42_en.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    United Nations (1948) Universal Declaration of Human Rights, available from: https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights - accessed 11/05/2021

    Vanegas, M., Sr.; Croes, R. Tourism, Economic Expansion and Poverty in Nicaragua: Investigating Cointegration and Causal Relations; University of Minnesota: Minneapolis and Saint Paul, MN, USA, 2007.

    Wharton, J. L. (2008) Gentrification: The New Colonialism in the Modern Era, in: Forum on Public Policy, available from: https://web.stevens.edu/ses/documents/fileadmin/documents/pdf/Oxford%20Journal.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    World Trade Organisation (2019) Economic Diversification: Lessons from Practice, available from: https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/aid4trade19_chap5_e.pdf - accessed 10/05/2021

    WTO. “Who are the developing countries in the WTO?” Retrieved from: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/devel_e/d1who_e.htm

    Zhao, W.; Ritchie, J.R.B. Tourism and Poverty Alleviation: An Integrative Research Framework. Curr. Issues Tour. 2007, 10, 119–143.
    Mathur, H. M. (2013). Displacement and resettlement in India: The human cost of development. Routledge.

    QR CODE