摘要
隨著個人電腦廣泛地運用在人們的工作中，肌肉骨骼不適與職業傷害等問題的相關研究也隨之蓬勃發展。然對於心理社會因素所造成肌肉骨骼不適的影響卻鮮少有相關研究討論，因此，本研究的目的為探討電腦操作人員其心理社會因素對肌肉骨骼不適的傷害影響，以瞭解主觀肌肉骨骼不適與工作能力、生活品質、工作壓力及工作滿意度之關連性。
本研究以台灣新竹某半導體製造廠之200位電腦使用者為研究對象，採用挪威肌肉骨骼不適問卷、工作能力指數問卷、世界衛生組織(WHOQOL-BREF)生活品質問卷主觀自覺感受、工作壓力問卷等，研究肌肉骨骼不適之嚴重程度及發生比例，並探討主觀因素與心理社會因素對肌肉骨骼不適的影響。
本研究結果發現辦公室電腦使用者在肌肉骨骼不適的部份，比例最高的部位為頸部(45%)，其次為肩膀(33%)、手及手腕(25%)。而肌肉骨骼不適正相關的危險因子，包含工作年資、電腦使用時間、工作壓力、工作不滿意度、運動習慣、下班後的疲勞程度等。此外，患有有肌肉骨骼不適的電腦操作人員也會使得工作能力指數(WAI)下降，並造成心理不適等症狀發生。
本研究進一步以肌肉骨骼不適相關的工作危險因子建立迴歸模型，可以良好的預測出頸部、肩膀、上背部的嚴重程度(R2為0.72~0.78)，因此此迴歸模型將可應用於瞭解各部位危險因子所造成的嚴重程度。此結果將可作為公司對於員工的工作環境進行改善之參考，避免危險因子的發生，以降低電腦使用人員肌肉骨骼的傷害，進而提昇工作效率。

關鍵字：電腦操作人員、肌肉骨骼不適、心理社會因素、辦公室

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of work-related psychosocial factors on musculoskeletal discomfort, as well as to understand the correlations among the musculoskeletal discomfort, work ability, quality of life, work stress, and job satisfaction for the personal computer(PC) users.
A total of 200 computer users worked in a semiconductor manufacturing company in Hsinchu were recruited to this study. All subjects were asked to complete the questionnaires, including Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Work Ability Index (WAI), the brief version World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), and Job Stress Questionnaire.
The results showed that over one quarter of the subjects experienced musculokeletal discomfort including neck (45%) and shoulder (33%) discomfort, as well as hand and wrist (25%) discomfort. There were significant positive correlations between musculoskeletal disorders and job seniority, the time of computer usage, work stress, exercise behaviors, the dissatisfaction of job, the fatigue strength off duty. In addition, users with musculoskeletal disorders showed a lower work ability index (WAI) and a higher psychological discomfort than users without musculoskeletal disorders. This study also constructed logistic regression models to predict discomfort of neck, shoulder and upper back from work-related psychosocial factors. The results of this study can provide useful information for the further improvement of work environment.

Keyword：Computer, Musculoskeletal disorders, Psychosocial factors, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Work Ability Index.

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