中文摘要
本研究主要目的是藉由內外在注意焦點指導，探討立定跳遠技能表現與協調參數之差異情形。實驗參與者為60名國小六年級學童，分內在焦點、外在焦點及外四焦點組各20名。實驗儀器以高速攝影機（CASIO EX-F1，300Hz）拍攝，再以Kwon3D軟體擷取運動學參數，採用獨立樣本單因子變異數分析（One Way ANOVA）進行統計考驗，顯著水準訂為α=.05。研究結果如下：一、在成績表現方面：外在焦點與外四焦點成績進步幅度均顯著高於內在焦點、外在焦點距離遠近，則未達顯著差異。二、在動作協調機制方面：蹬伸期動作時間外四焦點顯著高於內在焦點、下肢關節最大角速度時間，外在焦點及外四焦點皆呈現近端先於遠端的趨勢，使能量充分的產生與完整的運用、蹬伸期關節角速度，外在焦點肩關節及髖關節均達顯著差異。結論：由此可知，單一的指導訣竅不同，便可影響立定跳遠動作技能之協調及表現，因此教練及體育教師在進行動作技能教學時，要能引導學習者採取外在注意焦點，讓動作技能表現達到最佳的成效。

The influence of different focus attention toward the performance of standing long jump
Completion Month and Year: June 2015
Graduate Student: Wang,Wen-fen
Advisor: Chiu, Wen-hsin

Abstract
With internal and external focus attention instructions, this study aims to explore the differences in parameters between the skill and coordination of the standing long jump. The subjects of the experiment were 60 sixth grade elementary school students, who were divided into three groups, the Internal Focus group, the External Focus group, and the External-4 Focus group, with 20 students in each group. The high-speed camera (CASIO EX-F1, 300Hz) was used in the experiment, and Kwon3D software was used to obtain kinematic parameters. One-way ANOVA for independent samples was performed for statistical test, with significance level of α=.05. The research results are as follows: (1) In terms of score: the progress of External Focus and External-4 Focus scores are significantly higher than that of Internal Focus; the distance of External Focus does not lead to significant difference. (2) In terms of motor coordination mechanism, External-4 Focus significantly exceeds Internal Focus in the duration of stretching. Both External Focus and External-4 Focus show the near-end prior to long-distance trend in the maximum angular velocity and time, which can fully generate and consume energy. There is a significant difference in the shoulder joint and the hip joint of External Focus regarding the angular velocity of joints during the period of stretching. To conclude, different singular guidance can influence the coordination and performance of the motor skill of the standing long jump; hence, coaches and P.E. teachers should instruct students to use external focus attention to give full play to motor skills.
Keywords: internal focus attention instruction, external focus attention instruction, constraint behavior hypothesis

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