本論文所要討論的主題是花蓮縣玉里鎮觀音社區嘟喀薾部落(tukal，昔稱山
下部落)所使用的中部阿美語否定詞。在本方言中含有否定意義的詞彙大致計有六個，分別為ca'∕ca'ay∕ca'ay-ay、aka、awa、na'ay、tati'ih 及ma-fukil 等，而本文僅將討論前三者。本文主旨在探討否定詞在否定句中的分佈、句法行為、語意表現以及在否定句中焦點系統所產生的焦點變化情形等。第一章介紹阿美語的背景分佈以及語法概要。第二章討論祈使句的否定，內容包含焦點標記於祈使句中的使用情形與變化，祈使句有「命令」與「勸使」兩種語氣，其中「勸使」句可以有四種表達方式，分別為(1)與ho 連用、(2)與han 連用表請求、建議的勸使句，(3)與tu 連用表示「禁止」以及(4)與第一人稱單數連用來表示勸告的「自我勸戒句」。第三章討論直述句的否定，首先討論同表直述句的否定詞ca'∕ca'ay∕ca'ay-ay 三種變體的定義以及後綴-ay 的語法功能，接著討論焦點標記在直述句中的變化，另外特別探討ca'的特殊意義及語法功能，最後要討論ka 與ku 在否定句中的分佈以及i 在否定句中的分佈。第四章要討論處所句、存在句、領屬句等三種結構句在肯定及否定句中的句法與語序，並定義出「共知結構句」及其在此三種結構句中的句形限制。第五章為結論，將本文各章否定詞的討論與描述做一回顧與歸納，並期許未來的研究方向及目標。

This thesis examined the distribution, syntactic behavior and semantic content
of negators in the Central Amis dialect spoken by the Tukal Tribe (i.e. Shanshia Tribe)
located in Guanyin Community, Yuli Township, Hualien County. In this dialect, there
are six negators: ca'ay, aka, awa, na'ay, tati'ih and ma-fukil, and the first three were
investigator. In the first chapter, the background and an overview of the Amis
language were introduced. In the second chapter, the negation of imperative
construction was discussed, including the usage and alteration of focus marking in
imperative construction. There are two kinds of imperative constructions: ‘order’ and
‘advice’. For the expression of the latter, four expressions are involved, including (1)
the use of ho, (2) the use of han to express requests and suggestions, (3) using tu to
indicate ‘prohibition’ and (4) ‘self-advice construction’ with the first person singular
agent. In the third chapter, the negation of declarative constructions was discussed.
First of all, the distribution of the three variants ca', ca'ay, ca'ay-ay and the syntactic
properties of the affix “-ay” were explored. Then focus alteration exhibited in
declarative constructions was discussed. The discussion also covered the specific
meaning and syntactic properties of ca'. Finally, the distinction between ka and ku in
negative construction as well as the distribution of the preposition i were inquired. In
the fourth chapter, word order and other syntactic properties of locative, existential
and possessive constructions were discussed. Chapter five concludes the discussion
and proposed issues and directions for future research.

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