本研究針對經過冷軋的不鏽鋼超薄板(厚度<100um，ASTM-E8金屬標準拉伸試片規範最低厚度為130um~190um)進行疲勞破壞分析，疲勞破壞為金屬材料危害性最高的破壞，往往在未達材料降伏強度以及材料壽命下意外使材料破裂，造成重大危害。應力強度因子(Stress Intensity Factor)用來描述在裂紋尖端附近的應力場，在材料疲勞行為中應力強度因子影響到裂紋發展的階段以及裂紋擴展速度。針對兩組樣品進行疲勞試驗區分出全部通過疲勞二十萬次的樣品組代號NS及大部分未通過疲勞二十萬次的樣品組代號N，藉由疲勞破壞分析找出兩組樣品的差異。
　　首先使用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察樣品N的破裂形貌，可觀察到確立樣品為疲勞行為破裂的疲勞條紋及裂紋起始為介在物顆粒，並以能量散射X射線譜圖(EDS)分析，介在物顆粒為熔煉過程中可能為內壁防火材料氧化鎂脫落與脫氧劑中的鋁反應及鈦穩定製程中加入的鈦元素混和成主要包含氧、鎂、鋁、矽和鈦元素的化合物顆粒。利用穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)觀察樣品N的微觀結構同樣的觀察到含鎂鋁鈦成分的氧化物顆粒，經繞射點比對後得知為氧化鎂鋁、氧化鈦顆粒，與SEM影像之EDS結果相符，並使用JEMS軟體對兩組樣品做差排密度分析。再以X-ray繞射根據SEM及TEM介在物元素成分分析結果尋找可能存在的化合物為Al0.06Ca0.16Fe0.72Mg1.05O6Si1.98Ti0.03以及Al0.433Ca0.968 Fe0.23Mg0.578O6Si1.728Ti0.059，利用晶體結構開放資料庫(COD)及Origin軟體進行介在物訊號強度模擬，由於除了上述化合物外還存在其他雜質的訊號，因此模擬結果誤差較大。另外也以感應偶和電漿質譜儀(ICP-MS)對兩組樣品的介在物成分比例進行精確量測，兩組樣品的不鏽鋼基底的成分如鐵、鎘、鎳……等濃度相近無法鑑別，因此由前面SEM及TEM的介在物元素分析結果決定以介在物成分鋁和鈦作為兩組樣品辨別元素，結果顯示全數通過疲勞測試的樣品組NS其鋁、鈦含量確實較低，表示其含有較少的介在物，因此與另組樣品相比較不易生成裂紋，故有較好的疲勞性質。由於本實驗樣品厚度低於ASTM標準規範，因此使用預先破裂法(Pre-crack)來進行破裂韌性實驗，並以ASTM STP-410中公式求得兩組樣品的應力強度因子差異。
　　由於裂紋擴張的尺度在微米等級，故我們無法由TEM、奈米壓痕試驗的奈米尺度觀察到應力強度因子差異，而可以由SEM破裂形貌觀察到疲勞條紋、XRD慢掃出介在物訊號量的差異及平板破裂韌性試驗直接計算應力強度因子，其中XRD分析及平板破裂韌性試驗所需花費的時間及金錢成本更是遠低於ICP-MS，提供快速且低成本的試片優劣鑑定。

In this study, the fatigue failure analysis of the ultra-thin cold-rolled stainless steel sheets which the thickness is less than 100 um is discussed. The minimum thickness of the standard metal piece for tensile test in ASTM-E8 is 130 um to190 um. Fatigue damage is the most harmful to metal materials because it often breaks the material unexpectedly before reaching the material yield strength. The stress intensity factor is used to describe the stress field near the crack tip. The stress intensity factor affects the stage of crack development and the rate of crack propagation. Fatigue tests were performed on the two groups of samples to distinguish the sample NS that passed the fatigue 200,000 times and the sample N that most of them failed the fatigue 200,000 times. The difference between the two groups of samples was found by fatigue failure analysis.
　　First, the fracture morphology of sample N was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the fatigue striations and the crack initiation were observed as non-metallic inclusions. These inclusions mainly containing O, Mg, Al, Si and Ti that are mixed with the magnesium oxide falling off of the inner wall fireproof material during the smelting process and the reaction of aluminum in the deoxidizer and the titanium element added in the titanium stabilization process. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is used to observe the microstructure of the samples and it can also observe the inclusion oxide particles which contain Mg, Al, Ti elements. After measuring the diffraction pattern, it is found that they are magnesium aluminum oxide and titanium oxide particles which is consistent with the EDS results of the SEM images. Also analyze the dislocation density difference between two group samples through JEMS software. Then, X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to analyze the possible exist inclusions which according to the elements analysis from SEM and TEM. The possible compounds were found as Al0.06Ca0.16Fe0.72Mg1.05O6
Si1.98Ti0.03 and Al0.433Ca0.968Fe0.23Mg0.578O6Si1.728 Ti0.059, and the signal intensity of the inclusons are simulated by the inclusion data from the Crystal Structure Open Database (COD) and Origin software. Since there are signals of other impurities in addition to the above compounds, the simulation results have large errors. In addition, the inclusion elements composition is measured by Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) accurately. The composition of the stainless steel substrate of the two groups of samples, such as Fe, Cr, Ni, etc., is similar in concentration and cannot be identified. Therefore, according to the results of the previous SEM and TEM inclusions element analysis, it is determined that the inclusion composition Al and Ti are used as the two groups of samples to distinguish the elements. The results showed that the sample NS that passed the fatigue test had a lower composition of inclusion elements which indicate it contains less inclusions and it isn’t easy to initial the crack compared with the other group of samples, so it has better fatigue properties. Since the thickness of the samples in this research is lower than the ASTM standard specification, the pre-crack method is used to conduct the fracture toughness test, and the difference of the stress intensity factor of the two groups of samples is obtained by the formula, which provides a method to identification of the difference between the two groups of samples quirkily.
　　Since the scale of crack expansion is in the micrometer scale, we cannot observe the difference of stress intensity factor from the nanoscale of TEM and Nanoindentation test, but we can observe fatigue striations from SEM fracture morphology, and XRD find out inclusions signal with low scan rate. The stress intensity factor can be directly calculated from the fracture toughness test. The time and cost of XRD analysis and fracture toughness test are much lower than those of ICP-MS, so it provid a fast and low-cost specimens identification.

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