研究生: |
張岑竹 Tsen- Chu Chang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
追求恆久幸福和諧─「大學」與正向心理學之比較與啟示 The Pursuit of Lasting Happiness and Harmony─The Comparative and Implication of 「The Great Learning」and Positive Psychology |
指導教授: |
曾文志
Wen-Chih Tseng |
口試委員: | |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
竹師教育學院 - 教育心理與諮商學系 Educational Psychology and Counseling |
論文出版年: | 2012 |
畢業學年度: | 100 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 144 |
中文關鍵詞: | 「大學」 、正向心理學 、恆久幸福和諧 |
外文關鍵詞: | 「The Great Learning」, Positive Psychology, Lasting happiness and harmony |
相關次數: | 點閱:2 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討人類幸福和諧生活的實踐方式。採用比較性研究,首先呈現儒家的代表書籍「大學」與新興的正向心理學兩者之共同理想─尋求如何帶給個體與群體人類恆久幸福與成長,並以此為基礎,比較兩者在個體層面與群體層面之實踐方法的異同與共同趨勢,將所呈現之類似組態與互相補充之處結合,以描繪使個體與大眾恆久幸福和諧之途徑。
研究結論如下:(一)「大學」與正向心理學共同肯定個體自覺主體的存在,能透過學習以掌握與創造有價值生命。(二)個體能藉由反省於內在本體、及會通於外在人際世務中展現適當美德長處,以轉變內在心念、想法或行為模式,並在反覆實踐的過程中,能建構個體正向的心態與行為習慣,帶來恆久快樂。(三)兩者皆認為群體的幸福與正向發展需由每位個體的實踐為始,以帶動周遭人們的效法與成長,此外,如何平衡人類幸福與環境的永續發展,亦共同啟示謀劃符合此想法之經濟體系的需求。最後,針對比較過程中,「大學」與正向心理學在美德內涵、由個體美善達於群體幸福之相關概念對照,以及個別特色部份,提出若干未來研究建議。
This research aims at discussing the practical way of mankind to live in happiness and harmony. Using comparative study, first of all, to show the common ideal of the Confucianism representatives of books─「The Great Learning」 and the burgeoning of Positive Psychology─both seek to bring individuals and the public lasting happiness and growth. Take this as the foundation to compare both of the similarities and dissimilarities and the common trends at the individual level and the public level. Combine the presented similar patterns and the mutually supplement parts to depict the way the individual and the public long-lasting happiness and harmony.
The Findings suggest that: 1. Both affirm the existence of the individual conscious subject through learning process to master oneself and create valuable life. 2. Individual can self-examination in the nature and works on the external interpersonal affairs, so that he or she, can perform the appropriate virtues and strengths, and change the inner mind, thoughts or behavior patterns. Through repeated the practice of the process, individual can construct positive attitudes and behaviors and maintain long-lasting happiness. 3. Both have an idea that the public well-being and positive development require and start from individual practice which result in driving people around to follow and growth. In addition, how to balance between the happiness of the mankind and the environmental sustainability also reveals the needs of the new economic system. According to the comparison process, suggestions are offered for both in virtues connotation, the concepts of the individual goodness up to the public happiness, as well as different characteristics.
一、 中文部分
(一) 「大學」專書
朱熹(宋):〈大學章句〉。見朱傑人、嚴佐之、劉永翔(主編),徐德明(校點)(2002):《朱子全書‧四書章句集注》(第陸冊)。上海:上海古籍出版社;合肥:安徽教育出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈大學或問上〉,見朱傑人、嚴佐之、劉永翔(主編),黃珅(校點)(2002):《朱子全書‧四書或問》(第陸冊)。上海:上海古籍出版社;合肥:安徽教育出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈大學或問下〉,見朱傑人、嚴佐之、劉永翔(主編),黃珅(校點)(2002):《朱子全書‧四書或問》(第陸冊)。上海:上海古籍出版社;合肥:安徽教育出版社)。
王陽明(明):〈大學問〉,見沈卓然(編)(1971):《王陽明全集》。台北:考正出版社。
任藝華(1980):〈清代學者對於大學中庸的闡釋與著述〉。見任藝華著:《科學的學庸之研究》。台北:黎明文化事業股份有限公司。
岑溢成(1986):《大學義理疏解》。台北:鵝湖出版社。
柳嶽生(1979):《大學闡微》(三版)。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
陳滿銘(2002):《學庸義理別裁》。台北:萬卷樓圖書股份有限公司。
勞思光(2000):〈大學譯註〉。見黃慧英(編):《大學中庸譯註新編》。香港:中文大學出版社。
程兆熊(1988):〈大學講義〉。見程兆熊:《四書大義》。臺北市:明文出版社。
(二) 「大學」期刊
胡治洪(2009):〈從修身成德到家國事功——論大學之道〉。《臺灣東亞文明研究學刊》(台北),第2期,第6卷,193-220。
袁長瑞(1999):〈《大學》一書思想的基本架構〉。《哲學與文化》,第8期,頁731-738。
陳逢源(2008):〈朱熹注四書之轉折──以《學庸章句》、《或問》為比對範圍〉。《東吳中文學報》(台北),第15期,17-40。
蔡鴻江(2006):〈從<大學>改本看宋代改經之風〉。《高餐通識教育學刊》(高雄),第3期,194-214。
鍾雲鶯(2008):〈民初救世新教之《大學證釋》研究〉。《中央大學人文學報》(桃園),第35期,83-123。
(三) 其他古籍
(佚名)(春秋):《尚書》。見屈萬裏(註譯)(2009):《尚書今註今譯》(第二版)。臺北市:臺灣商務印書館。
孔丘(春秋):《論語》。見毛子水(註譯)(2009):《論語今註今譯》。台北:台灣商務印書館。
管仲(春秋):〈牧民第一〉。見謝浩範、朱迎平(譯注)(2000):《管子》(上)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
(佚名)(戰國):《中庸》。見宋天正(註譯)(2009):《中庸今註今譯》(二版)。台北:臺灣商務印書館。
(佚名)(戰國):《禮記》。見王夢鷗(註譯)(2009):《禮記今註今譯》(二版)(上冊)。台北:臺灣商務印書館。
孟軻(戰國):《孟子》。見史次耘(註譯)(2009):《孟子今註今譯》(二版)。台北:臺灣商務印書館。
司馬遷(漢):《史記‧世家》(下)。見王利器、張烈(譯注)(2003):《中國古籍大觀》。台北:台灣古籍出版有限公司。
司馬遷(漢):《史記‧列傳》(第四冊)。見王利器、張烈(譯注)(2003):《中國古籍大觀》。台北:台灣古籍出版有限公司。
荀卿(戰國):《荀子》。見熊公哲(註譯)(2010):《荀子今註今譯》(二版)。台北:臺灣商務印書館。
鄭玄(漢)(注),孔穎達(唐)(疏),龔抗雲(整理)(2001a):《禮記正義‧大傳第十六》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第78冊)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
鄭玄(漢)(注),孔穎達(唐)(疏),龔抗雲(整理)(2001b):《禮記正義‧祭義》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第77冊)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
鄭玄(漢)(注),孔穎達(唐)(疏),龔抗雲(整理)(2001c):《禮記正義‧曲禮上第一》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第71冊)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
鄭玄(漢)(注),孔穎達(唐)(疏),龔抗雲(整理)(2001d):《禮記正義‧樂記第十九》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第76冊)。台北:台灣古籍出版有限公司。
鄭玄(漢)(注),孔穎達(唐)(疏),龔抗雲(整理)(2001e):《禮記正義‧禮運》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第74冊)。台北:台灣古籍出版有限公司。
孔安國(漢)(傳),孔穎達(唐)(疏),廖明春、陳明整理(2001):《尚書正義‧虞夏商書‧堯典第一》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第53冊)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
李隆基(唐)(注),邢昺(宋)(疏),鄧洪波整理(2001):《孝經注疏》。見李學勤(主編):《十三經注疏‧整理本》(第92冊)。台北:臺灣古籍出版有限公司。
韓愈(唐):〈原道〉。見戴月芳(主編)(1992):《韓愈詩文》。台北:錦繡出版事業股份有限公司。
周敦頤(宋):〈通書〉。見董金裕(註譯)(2011):《周濂溪集今註今譯》。台北:臺灣商務印書館。
張載(宋):〈正蒙〉。見張金泉(注譯)(2011):《新譯張載文選》。台北:三民書局股份有限公司。
張載(宋):〈經學理窟〉。見張金泉(注譯)(2011):《新譯張載文選》。台北:三民書局股份有限公司。
程顥(宋)、程頤(宋):〈河南程氏遺書〉。見陸費逵總勘,吳汝霖、高時顯輯校(1981):《二程全書》(冊一)。台北:中華書局。
程顥(宋)、程頤(宋):〈河南程氏粹言〉。見陸費逵總勘,吳汝霖、高時顯輯校(1981):《二程全書》(冊三)。台北:中華書局。
朱熹(宋):〈論語集注〉。見宋‧朱熹:《校點四書章句集註》。台北:大安出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈孟子集注〉。見宋‧朱熹:《校點四書章句集註》。台北:大安出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈中庸章句〉。見宋‧朱熹:《校點四書章句集註》。台北:大安出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈周子之書〉。見宋‧黎靖德(編):《朱子語類》(1-8冊)。台北:文津出版社,1986。
朱熹(宋):〈大學一〉。見宋‧黎靖德(編)(1986):《朱子語類》(第一冊)。台北:文津出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈朱子二〉。見宋‧黎靖德(編)(1986):《朱子語類》(第六冊)。台北:文津出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈易三〉。見宋‧黎靖德(編)(1986):《朱子語類》(第五冊)。台北:文津出版社。
朱熹(宋):〈袁州州學三先生祠記〉。見陳俊民(校訂)(2000):《朱子文集》。台北:德富文教基金會。
陸九淵(宋):〈與李宰〉。見陸費逵總勘,吳汝霖、高時顯輯校(1981):《象山全集》(珍倣宋版)。台北:中華書局。
脫脫(元):〈道學傳〉。見楊家駱主編(1983):《新校本宋史并附編三種十六》(三版)。台北:鼎文書局。
王陽明(明),沈卓然(編)(1971):《王陽明全集》。台北:考正出版社。
范曄(宋)、李賢等注(唐):《後漢書》。見楊家駱(主編):《新校本後漢書集注并附編十三種》(五版)。台北:鼎文書局。
全祖望(清):〈晦翁學案序錄〉。見黃宗羲(清)(原著),全祖望(清)(補修),陳金生、梁運華(點校)(1987):《宋元學案》(第三冊)。台北:華世出版社。
黃宗羲(清):〈晦翁學案上〉。見黃宗羲(清)(原著),全祖望(清)(補修),陳金生、梁運華(點校)(1987):《宋元學案》(第三冊)。台北:華世出版社。
皮錫瑞(清):《經學歷史》。見周予同(註釋)(2004)。台北:漢京文化事業有限公司。
黃宗羲(清):〈姚江學案〉。見黃宗羲(清)(著),陸費逵總勘,吳汝霖、高時顯輯校(1981):《明儒學案》。台北:中華書局。
(四) 今人著作
王志躍(1994):《先秦儒學史概論》。台北:文津出版社出版社。
任大援、劉豐(注譯)(2004):《孟子譯注》。台北:國家出版社。
牟宗三(1983):中國哲學十九講。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
羊春秋(注譯)、周鳳五(校閱)(2008):《新譯孔子家語》。台北:三民書局股份有限公司。
余英時(2004):《宋明理學與政治文化》。台北:允晨文化實業股份有限公司。
吳經熊(1989):《內心悅樂之泉源》。台北:東大圖書公司圖書公司。
李紀祥(1988):《兩宋以來大學改本之研究》。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
周何(1998):《禮記:儒家的理想國》。臺北市:時報文化出版企業股份有限公司。
金景芳、呂紹綱(2003):《周易上經》(二版)。台北:韜略出版有限公司。
張紹勳(2008):《研究方法:理論與統計》。台中:滄海出版社。
梁啟超著,賈馥茗標點(1980):《先秦政治思想史》。台北:東大圖書公司圖書公司。
陳子展(1992):《詩經直解》。台北:書林出版有限公司。
陳來(1994):《宋明理學》。台北:洪葉文化事業有限公司。
陳來(2010):〈北宋理學的建立與發展〉。見陳來著:《宋明理學》。台北:允晨文化實業股份有限公司。
陳寅恪(2001):〈論韓愈〉。見陳寅恪著:《金明館叢稿初編》。北京:三聯書店有限公司。
傅佩榮(2008):《人能弘道:傅佩榮談論語》。台北:天下遠見出版股份有限公司。
勞思光(2001):《新編中國哲學史》。台北:三民書局股份有限公司。
馮友蘭(1991):《中國哲學史新編》(第五冊)。台北:藍燈文化事業有限公司。
黃亦筠(2011年10月)。產能過剩 今年尾牙恐難過。天下雜誌,482,46-48。
黃沛榮(注譯)(2006):《新譯三字經》(二版)。台北:三民書局股份有限公司。
黃秀璣(2007):《張載》(二版)。臺北:東大圖書公司。
楊祖漢(1985):〈心性論‧盡心知性知天〉。見王邦雄、曾昭旭、楊祖漢著:《孟子義理疏解》。台北:鵝湖出版社。
賈馥茗(詮),李宗薇、魯先華、葉坤靈、陳玉珍(釋)(1999):《中庸釋詮》。台北:五南圖書公司。
熊十力(1987):《讀經示要》。台北:明文出版社。
劉琦、韓維志、程艷杰(2004):《四書詳解》。長春:吉林文史出版社。
蔡仁厚(1977):《宋明理學‧北宋篇》。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
蔡仁厚(1984):《孔孟荀哲學》。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
蔡仁厚(1987):《儒家思想的現代意義》。台北:文津出版社。
蔡方鹿(2004):《朱熹經學與中國經學》。北京:人民出版社。
鄧克銘(2010):《王陽明思想觀念研究》。台北:臺大出版中心。
錢穆(1990):《四書釋義》。台北:台灣學生書局有限公司。
錢穆(1994a):《錢賓四先生全集:朱子新學案(四)》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
錢穆(1994b):《錢賓四先生全集:宋代理學三書隨劄.陽明學述要》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
錢穆(1994c):《錢賓四先生全集:孔子與論語.孔子傳》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
錢穆(1994d):《錢賓四先生全集:中華文化十二講.中國文化精神》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
錢穆(1994e):《錢賓四先生全集:國學概論》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
錢穆(1994f):《錢賓四先生全集: 中國學術通義.現代中國學術論衡》。台北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。
(五) 網路資料
李中華(2008年8月29日)。關於「大學」的幾個話題【線上論壇】。取自http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/49157/49165/7749175.html
韋伯韜(2011年12月13日)。當景氣不再循環【國家政策研究基金會國政評論】。取自: http://www.npf.org.tw/post/1/10077
鄧哲偉(2007年9月13日)。舉債不設限政府將破產【國家政策研究基金會國政評論】。取自http://www.npf.org.tw/post/1/2964
二、 英文部分
(一) 正向心理學專書
塞利格曼(Seligman, M. E. P.),洪蘭(譯)(2002/2009):《真實的快樂》(第二版)。台北:遠流出版公司。
Baumgardner, S. R., & Crothers, M. K. (2009). Positive psychology. London, England: Prentice Hall.
Conoley, C. W., & Conoley, J. C. (2009). Positive Psychology and Family Therapy: Creative Techniques and Practical Tools for Guiding Change and Enhancing Growth. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley.
Diener, E., & Diener, C. (2011). Monitoring Psychosocial Prosperity for Social Change. In R. Biswas-Diener (Eds.), Positive Psychology as Social Change (pp. 53-72). New York: Springer Science.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2005). Positive Emotions. In C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp 120-134). New York : Oxford University Press.
Isen, A. M. (2003). Positive affect as a source of human strength. In L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger (Eds.), A Psychology of Human Strengths: Fundamental Questions and Future Directions for a Positive Psychology. (pp. 179–195). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Kasser, T. (2011). Ecological Challenges, Materialistic Values, and Social Change. In R. Biswas-Diener (Eds.), Positive Psychology as Social Change (pp. 89-108). New York: Springer Science.
Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (2004). Toward a theoretical foundation for positive psychology in practice. In P. A. Linley & S. Joseph (Eds.), Positive psychology in practice (pp. 713-732). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Investing and developing positive organizational behavior. In Debra L. Nelson & Cary L Cooper, Positive organizational behavior (pp. 9-24). CA : Sage Publications.
Marks, N. (2011). Think Before You Think. In R. Biswas-Diener (Eds.), Positive Psychology as Social Change (pp. 17-32). New York: Springer Science.
Peterson, C. (2006). A primer in positive psychology. New York : Oxford University Press.
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues : A handbook and classification. New York : Oxford University Press.
Quick, J. C., & Macik-Frey, M. (2007).Healthy, productive work: Positive strength through communication competence and interpersonal interdependence. In Debra L. Nelson & Cary L Cooper, Positive organizational behavior (pp. 25-39). CA : Sage Publications.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Positive Psychology, Positive Prevention, and Positive Therapy. In C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (頁3-9). New York : Oxford University Press.
Sherman, S. (2011). Changing the World: The Science of Transformative Action. In R. Biswas-Diener (Eds.), Positive Psychology as Social Change (pp. 329-346). New York: Springer Science.
Snyder, C. R, & Lopez, S. J. (2007). Positive psychology: The scientific and practical explorations of human strengths. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
(二) 正向心理學期刊
Clonan, S. M., Chafouleas, S. M., McDougal, J. & Riley-Tillman, T. C. (2004). Positive psychology goes to school: Are we there yet? Psychology in the Schools, 41, 101-110.
Cox, K. S. (2010). Elevation predicts domain-specific volunteerism 3 months later. Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(5), 333-341.
Dahlsgaard, K., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Shared virtue: The convergence of valued human strengths across culture and history. Review of General Psychology, 9, 203-213.
David, K. M. (2009). Maternal reports of marital quality and preschoolers’ positive peer relations: The moderating roles of effortful control, positive emotionality, and gender. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(2), 168–181.
Diener, E. (2003). What is positive about positive psychology: The curmudgeon and Pollyanna. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 115-120.
Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Beyond Money: Toward an Economy of Well-Being. Social Indicators Research Series, 37, 201-265.
Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2005). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63-73). New York: Oxford University Press.
Duckworth, A.L., Quinn, P. D., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2009). Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(6), 540-547.
Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 377–389.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). Positive emotions and upward spirals in organizations. In Cameron , K. S., Dutton, J. E., & Quinn, R. E. (Eds.), Positive Organizational Scholarship: Foundations of a New Discipline(pp. 162-175). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2006).Unpacking positive emotions: Investigating the seeds of human flourishing. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(2), 57-59.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Dutton, J. E. (2008). Unpacking positive organizing: Organizations as sites of individual and group flourishing, The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(1), 1-3.
Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and Why) Is Positive Psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103-110.
Gallagher, M. W., & Lopez, S. J. (2007). Curiosity and well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2(4), 236–248.
Grant, A. M. (2008). Designing jobs to do good: Dimensions and psychological consequences of prosocial job characteristics. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(1), 19-39.
Jayawickreme, E., Pawelski, J., & Seligman, M. E. P. (in press). Happiness: Positive psychology and Nussbaum’s capabilities approach. In R. Auxier (Ed.), Library of living philosophers: The philosophy of Martha Nussbaum. Chicago: Open Court. Retrieved from http://www.dpo.uab.edu/angner/SWB/Jayawickreme&al.pdf
Kristjánsson, K. (2010). Positive psychology, happiness, and virtue: The troublesome conceptual issues. Review of General Psychology, 14(4), 296-310.
Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Baumeister, R. F., Fincham, F. D., Hicks, J. A., & Graham, S. M. (2010). Family as a salient source of meaning in young adulthood. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(5), 367–376.
Linley, P. A., Joseph, S., Harrington, S., & Wood, A. M. (2006). Positive psychology: Past, present, and (possible) future. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(1), 3–16.
Littman-Ovadia, H., & Steger, M. (2010). Character strengths and well-being among volunteers and employees: Toward an integrative model. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(6), 419–430
Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695-706.
Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 111–131.
Nussbaum, M. C. (2008). Who is the happy warrior? Philosophy poses questions to psychology. Journal of Legal Studies, 37, 81–113.
Ouweneel, E., Le Blanc, P. M., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Flourishing students: A longitudinal study on positive emotions, personal resources, and study engagement. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(2), 142–153.
Park, N. & Peterson, C. (2008). Positive psychology and character strengths: Application to strengths-based school counseling, Professional School Counseling, 12(2), 85-92.
Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Strengths of character and well-being. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(5), 603-619.
Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Character strengths in fifty-four nations and the fifty US states. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(3), 118–129.
Peterson, C., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 6, 25–41.
Peterson, C., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Character strengths in fifty-four nations and the fifty US states. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(3), 118–129.
Peterson, C., Ruch, W., Beermann, U., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2007). Strengths of character, orientations to happiness, and life satisfaction. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2(3), 149-156.
Ruch, W., Furrer, G., & Huwyler, D. (2004). Character strengths of executives and employees. Zurich: Department of psychology, University of Zurich.
Schueller, S. M. (2009). Promoting wellness: integrating community and positive psychology. Journal of Community Psychology, 37(7), 922-937.
Schueller, S. M., & Seligman, M. E.P. (2010). Pursuit of pleasure, engagement, and meaning: Relationships to subjective and objective measures of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(4), 253–263.
Seligman, M. E. P. (1998). Building human strength: Psychology’s forgotten mission. The president’s address. APA Monitor, 29(1).
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Pawelski, J. O. (2003). Positive Psychology: FAQs. Psychological Inquiry, 14(2), 159-163.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Steen, T. A., Park, N. Peterson, C. (2005). Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical Validation of Interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421.
Seligman, M. E. P., Park, A. C., & Steen, T. (2004). A balanced psychology and a full life. The Royal Society, 359, 1379-1381.
Shapira, L. B., & Mongrain, M. (2010). The benefits of self-compassion and optimism exercises for individuals vulnerable to depression. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(5), 377-389.
Sheldon, K. M., & King, L. K. (2001). Why positive psychology is necessary. America Psychologist, 56(3), 216-217.
Sheldon, K., Fredrickson, B., Rathunde, K., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology manifesto. Retrieved from the http://www.positivepsychology.org/ akumalmanifesto.htm#top
Sheridan, S. M., Warnes, E. D., Cowan, R. J., Schemm, A. V., Clarke, B. L. (2004). Family-Centered Positive Psychology: Focusing on Strengths to Build Student Success. Psychology in the Schools, 41(1), 7-17.
Sundararajan, L. (2005). Happiness Donut: A Confucian Critique of Positive Psychology. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 25(1), 35-60.
Turner, N., Barling, J., & Zacharatos, A. (2002). Positive Psychology at Work. In C. R. Snyder & Shane J. Lopez, Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 715-728). New York : Oxford University Press.
Vianello, M., Galliani, E. M., & Haidt, J. (2010). Elevation at work: The effects of leaders’ moral excellence. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(5), 390-411.
Waugh, C. E, & Fredrickson B. L. (2006). Nice to know you: Positive emotions, self–other overlap, and complex understanding in the formation of a new relationship. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(2), 93-106.
Yen, J. (2010). Authorizing Happiness: Rhetorical Demarcation of Science and Society in Historical Narratives of Positive Psychology. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 30(2), 67–78.
(三) 期刊
Abel, M. H. (2002). Humor, stress, and coping strategies. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 15(4), 365-381.
Bao, A. M., Meynen, G., & Swaab, D. F. (2008). The stress system in depression and neurodegeneration: Focus on the human hypothalamus. Brain Research Reviews. 57(2), 531-553.
Carnevale, P. J. D., & Isen, A. M. (1986). The influence of positive affect and visual access on the discovery of integrative solutions in bilateral negotiation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 37, 1-13.
Chu-Hui-Lin Chi, G. (2007). The role of hope in patients with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 34(2), 415-424.
Cohen, S., Alper, C. M., Doyle, W. J., Treanor, J. J., & Turner, R. B. (2006). Positive emotional style predicts resistance to illness after experimental exposure to rhinovirus or influenza a virus. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68, 809-815.
Culbertson, S. S., Fullagar, C, J., & Mills, M. J. (2010). Feeling good and doing great: The relationship between psychological capital and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(4), 421– 433.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and a Proposal for a National Index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34-43.
Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., Isen, A. M., Lowrance, R. (1995). Group Representations and Intergroup Bias: Positive Affect, Similarity, and Group Size. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 856–865.
Florida, R., Gulden, T., Mellander, C. (2008) The Rise of the Mega-Region. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 1(3), 459-476.
Fredrickson, B. & Joiner, T. (2002). Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological Science, 13, 172-175.
Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 300-319.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires. Cognition & Emotion, 19(3), 313 – 332.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Levenson, R. W. (1998). Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 12(2), 191-220.
Fredrickson, B. L., Mancuso, R. A., Branigan, C., & Tugade, M. M.(2000). The undoing effect of positive emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 24, 237–258.
Hecht, T. D., & Boies, K. (2009). Structure and Correlates of Spillover From Nonwork to Work: An Examination of Nonwork Activities, Well-Being, and Work Outcomes. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(4), 414-426.
Isen, A. M., & Geva, N. (1987). The influence of positive affect on acceptable level of risk: The person with a large canoe has a large worry. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 39(2), 145-154.
Isen, A. M., Nygren, T. E., & Ashby, F. G. (1988). Influence of positive affect on the subjective utility of gains and losses: It is just not worth the risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(5), 710–717.
Izard, C. E., Libero, D. Z., Putnam, P., & Haynes, O. M. (1993). Stability of emotion experiences and their relations to traits of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(5), 847-860.
Johnson, K. J., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2005). ‘‘We all look the same to me’’. Positive emotions eliminate the own-race bias in face recognition. Psychological Science, 16(11), 875–881.
Karremans, J. C., Van Lange, P. A. M., Ouwerkerk, J. W., & Kluwer, E. S. (2003). When forgiving enhances psychological well-being: The role of interpersonal commitment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1011–1026.
Khosla, M. (2006). Positive Affect and Coping with Stress. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 32(3), 185 -192.
King, K. B., Rowe, M. A., Kimble, L. P., & Zerwic, J. J. (1998). Optimism, coping, and long-term recovery from coronary artery bypass in women. Research in Nursing & Health, 21, 15–26.
Manian, N., Papadakis, A. A., Strauman, T. J., & Essex, M. J. (2006). The Development of Children’s Ideal and Ought Self-Guides: Parenting, Temperament, and Individual Differences in Guide Strength. Journal of Personality, 74(6), 1619-1645.
Mantella, R. C, Butters, M. A, Amico, J. A, Mazumdar, S., Rollman, B. L, Begley, A. E, Reynolds, C. F, & Lenze, E. J. (2008). Salivary cortisol is associated with diagnosis and severity of late-life generalized anxiety disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 33(6), 773-781.
Mayer, J. D., & Gaschke, Y. N. (1988). The experience and meta-experience of mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 102–111.
McEwen, B. S. (2007). Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: Central role of the brain. Physiological Reviews, 87(3), 873-904.
McNair, D. M., Lorr, M., & Droppleman, L. F. (1971). Manual: Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
Meyer, G. J., & Shack, J. R. (1989). Structural convergence of mood and personality: Evidence for old and new directions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(4), 691-706.
Myers, D. G., & Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy? Psychological Science, 6(1), 10-19.
Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., & Bisconti, T. L. (2004). The role of daily positive emotions during conjugal bereavement. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological sciences, 59(4), 168–176.
Pruessner, M., Hellhammer, D.H., Pruessner, J.C., & Lupien, S.J. (2003). Self-reported depressive symptoms and stress levels in healthy young men: associations with the cortisol response to awakening. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(1), 92–99.
Raison, C. L., & Miller, A. H. (2003). When not enough is too much: The role of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1554–1565.
Schunk, D. H. (1991). Self-efficacy and academic motivation. Educational Psychologist. 26 (3 & 4), 207-231.
Srinivasana, N., & Hanif, A. (2010). Global-happy and local-sad: Perceptual processing affects emotion identification. Cognition & Emotion, 24(6), 1062 – 1069.
Steptoe, A., Dockray, S., & Wardle, J. (2009). Positive affect and psychobiological processes relevant to health. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1747-1776.
Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., & Marmot, M. (2005). Positive affect and health-related neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory processes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(18), 6508-6512.
Tugade, M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(2), 320-333.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme. (2008). State of the world’s cities 2008/2009 - Harmonious cities. Sterling, VA: Earthscan. Retrieved August 25, 2010, from the World Wide Web: http://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=2562
Van den Bergh, B. R. H, Van Calster, B, Puissant, S. P., Van Huffel, S. (2008). Self-reported symptoms of depressed mood, trait anxiety and aggressive behavior in post-pubertal adolescents: Associations with diurnal cortisol profiles. Hormones and Behavior. 54(2), 253-257.
Waldinger, R. J., & Schulz, M. S. (2010). What’s Love Got to Do With It ? Social Functioning, Perceived Health, and Daily Happiness in Married Octogenarians. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 422–431.
Watson, D. (1988). The vicissitudes of mood measurement: Effects of varying descriptors, time frames, and response formats on measures of positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 128–141.
Watson, D. (2005). Positive affectivity:The disposition to experience pleasurable emotional states. In C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 106-119). New York : Oxford University Press.
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1994). The PANAS-X: Manual for the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form. Unpublished manuscript, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of Positive and Negative Affect: The PANAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
Weems, C. F., & Carrion, V. G. (2007). The association between PTSD symptoms and salivary cortisol in youth: The role of time since the trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 903–907.
Xu, J., & Roberts, R. E.(2010). The power of positive emotions: it's a matter of life or death--subjective well-being and longevity over 28 years in a general population. Health Psychology. 29(1), 9-19.