利用毛細管電泳法配合線上二極體陣列偵檢器的使用，可以在消耗極少分析樣品的情形下，快速又有效的辦別金核銀殼奈米粒子的生成大小。這套分析系統的解析度良好而且操作過程簡單、花費低，但因毛細管管柱的結構狹窄，相較於其它光學偵測技術而言，此套毛細管電泳法所提供的高理論板數優勢，會因紫外線-可見光吸收偵測系統的偵測靈敏度低而降低。本研究評估毛細管電泳結合反向電極極性堆積 (reversed electrode polarity stacking mode，簡稱REPSM) 的線上樣品濃縮方法是否能增進奈米粒子的偵測靈敏度。針對會影響電泳表現的因素進行探討，包括有REPSM使用時間長短、緩衝溶液濃度、pH值及所使用界面活性劑濃度的影響。由研究結果得知，在包含10 mM的CAPS (3-cyclohexylamino-1-propanesulfonic acid)和40 mM的十二烷基磺酸鈉鹽 (sodium dodecyl sulfate，簡稱SDS)，pH = 10.0的電泳分離電解液環境，施加24秒的REPSM，使用外加電壓20 kV下，對不同尺寸大小的奈米粒子分離能有好的解析度和線上增強訊號靈敏度。與傳統一般的毛細管電泳方法比較起來，這種結合線上增進樣品濃縮的方法，對於金奈米粒子和金核銀殼奈米粒子訊號的靈敏度可以分別增進30倍與140倍。所探討的兩種奈米粒子皆能在4分鐘內被分離出來。除此之外，從遷移波峰上的二極體陣列偵檢器分析資料，能獲得金奈米粒子和金核銀殼奈米粒子的光譜特性，故能提供關於它們結構上的一些資訊。所以二極體陣列偵檢器和毛細管電泳的結合是一項很有用的工具，如此一來可同時分離奈米粒子並進行光譜特性分析。因此，毛細管電泳結合REPSM線上濃縮的方法擁有分析快速、靈敏度高且費用便宜等特點，這對在製備核-殼型奈米粒子過程中反應混合物的快速監控而言是大優勢。我們相信利用毛細管電泳做為分析系統，在未來奈米粒子的製備與分析上是有其潛力的。

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful technique that is simple to perform, provides rapid results, has high efficiency and resolution, and involves low sample consumption. However, the benefits provided by the high number of theoretical plates obtained with CE can be overshadowed by the low sensitivity of UV-Vis detection system. We describe a rapid, simple, and highly efficient CE based method for the analysis of nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, we used the reversed electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) of CE to assess the feasibility of enhancing the detection of Au NPs and Au/Ag NPs. We tried to find the optimum parameters such as the length of time for which the REPSM was applied, the concentrations of the buffer and the sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) surfactant, and the pH. Under the optimized on-line enhancement conditions [buffer: 3-cyclohexylamino-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS; 10 mM) and SDS (40 mM) at pH 10.0; applied voltage: 20 kV; REPSM applied for 24 s], the detection limits of the Au NPs and Au/Ag NPs increased by ca. 30- and 140-fold, respectively. These two NP samples could be resolved within 4 minutes. In addition, when the NPs were subjected to on-line enhancement and separation by CE using diode array detection (DAD), this approach allowed chemical characterization of the NP species. Our results suggest that such CE analyses will be useful for accelerating the rates of fabrication and characterization of future nanomaterials.

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