簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 李明家
lee, mingchia
論文名稱： 掌性高分子與嵌段共聚物之自組裝行為:從分子到界面之掌性傳遞與記憶效應
Transfer of Chirality from Molecule to Interface in Self-assembled Chiral Polymers and Behavior of Chirality Memory
指導教授： 何榮銘
Ho, Rong-Ming
李育德
LEE, YU-DER
口試委員: 李宗銘
Lee
林江珍
Lin, Jiang-Jen
蔡敬誠
Tsai, Jing-Cherng
許千樹
Hsu, Chain-Shu
蔣酉旺
Chiang, Yeo-Wan
Eiji Yashima
邱創汎
Chiu
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2014
畢業學年度： 102
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 199
中文關鍵詞： Chirality 、Self-assembled 、Chirality Memory
外文關鍵詞： Chirality, Self-assembled, Chirality Memory
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • Abstract

    Among self-assembled architectures, helical morphology is probably the most fascinating texture in nature. By introducing the chirality into synthetic molecules, helical textures in different length scales can be obtained by self-assembling through interplay of secondary interactions (i.e., non-covalent bonding forces). In this study, a series of chiral polylactides with an achiral chromophore moiety (i.e., pyrene) as a chain end (pyrene-labeled poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and pyrene-labeled poly(D-lactide) (PDLA)) and polylactide-containing block copolymers (BCPs) with an achiral chromophore moiety (i.e., perylene) as a chemical junction (polystyrene-perylene-poly(L-lactide) (PS-perylene-PLLA), polystyrene- perylene-poly(D-lactide) (PS-perylene-PDLA) and polystyrene- perylene-poly(D,L-lactide) (PS-perylene-PLA)) are synthesized for self-assembly to examine the mechanisms of chirality transfer from molecular level to macroscopic texture.
    Banded spherulites resulting from left-handed and right-handed crystalline lamellar twisings are formed by crystallization of chiral polymers, pyrene-labeled PLLA and the pyrene-labeled PDLA, respectively. By contrast, helical phases with left- and right-handedness are formed by self-assembling of chiral BCPs (BCPs*), PS-perylene-PLLA and PS-perylene-PDLA, respectively. Through twisting and shifting at crystalline folding surface of chiral polymers and microphase-separated interface of block copolymers, significant induced circular dichroism (ICD) signals of the achiral chromophore as the chain end of polymer and the junction of constituted blocks can be driven by chiral polymer self-assembly while crystallization occurs and by BCP* self-assembly in solution while the concentration of the BCPs* in toluene solution is higher than the critical micelle concentration, respectively. Also, the induced optical activity of the achiral chromophore in the self-assembled chiral polymers and BCPs* can be well defined by the helicity of chiral entity via chirality transfer. Consequently, it is possible to create hierarchical helical superstructures such as helcial banded spherulitic textures and helical phases by using achiral chromophore at the chain end of chiral polymer and as the junction of chiral BCPs. Owing to the ICD of the achiral chromophore driven by self-assembly, novel materials with specific chiroptic properties can be fabricated.
    Systematic studies on the mechanisms of chirality transfer from molecular to phase chirality in the crystallization of the chiral polylactides and the self-assembly of the polylactide-containing BCPs* are carried out. The chirality of molecule in the chiral polymers is identified from electron circular dichroism (ECD) spectra while the handedness of the helical conformation in the chiral polymer is determined from split-type Cotton effect in vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra. The sense of the lamellar twisting in the crystalline spherulite is determined using PLM for the comparison with the ICD signals of the achiral chromophore at which the signature of split-type Cotton effect of the achiral chromophore (as a molecular probe) in ECD spectrum can be used for the handedness determination of the lamellar twisting. On the basis of the VCD results of the chiral polylactides and the ECD results of the chromophore labeled at the chain ends of the polymers, a homochiral evolution from the chiral polymer chain (conformation chirality) to the lamellar twisting in the banded spherulite (hierachical chirality) is suggested. Micro-phase separation of the BCP* is exploited to form a helical (H*) phase, and the handedness of helical nanostructure in the BCP* is directly visualized from transmission electron microscopy tomography. In comparison with the spectroscopic experiments of the chiral polylactides, similar ECD and VCD results can be found in self-assembled polylactide-containing BCPs*. As a result, a homochiral evolution from the BCP* chain to the helical phase is suggested. Moreover, as examined by CD and fluorescence experiments, significant induced CD signals and bathochromic shift in fluorescence emission of achiral perylene moiety as a chemical junction of the BCPs* can be found once the concentration of the BCPs* in toluene solution is higher than critical micelle concentration, suggesting a twisting and shifting mechanism initiating from microphase-separated interface of the BCPs* leading to the formation of H* phase from self-assembly.
    Because of the unstable character of ester group, chiral polylactides in the BCPs* can be hydrolytically degraded. As evidenced by chiroptical measurements, the induced preferential helicity of the achiral chromophore in the polylactide-containing BCPs* via BCP* co-assembly can be maintained (i.e., memorized) after hydrolysis of the chiral polylactide in self-assembled BCP* thin film. By taking advantage of the achiral chromophore with preferential handedness at the microphase-separated interface (that is chirality memory effect), the hydrolyzed PS nanopores with the achiral chromophore as molecular probe is appealing for the applications in chiroptics. Most importantly, the demonstrated chirality memory effect suggests the feasibility to provide a helical contour of the chemical junctions decorated on the wall of the nanopores, giving the possibility to create functionalized nanoporous materials with defined surface properties for novel applications.
    Moreover, as photo-induced pyrene association is a diffusion-controlled process, the optical recording effect of pyrene-labeled chiral polylactides can be well defined through the manipulation of polymer chain mobility which is dependent on the configurational and conformation regularity. Also, because the chiral polylactides are intrinsically crystallizable polymers, the Tg and Tm of the PLCPs can be exploited as energy barriers for the induction of the association of pyrene moieties in PLCPs and the recording capabilities of the PLCPs will be dependent upon the corresponding thermal properties.

    Abstract

    Among self-assembled architectures, helical morphology is probably the most fascinating texture in nature. By introducing the chirality into synthetic molecules, helical textures in different length scales can be obtained by self-assembling through interplay of secondary interactions (i.e., non-covalent bonding forces). In this study, a series of chiral polylactides with an achiral chromophore moiety (i.e., pyrene) as a chain end (pyrene-labeled poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and pyrene-labeled poly(D-lactide) (PDLA)) and polylactide-containing block copolymers (BCPs) with an achiral chromophore moiety (i.e., perylene) as a chemical junction (polystyrene-perylene-poly(L-lactide) (PS-perylene-PLLA), polystyrene- perylene-poly(D-lactide) (PS-perylene-PDLA) and polystyrene- perylene-poly(D,L-lactide) (PS-perylene-PLA)) are synthesized for self-assembly to examine the mechanisms of chirality transfer from molecular level to macroscopic texture.
    Banded spherulites resulting from left-handed and right-handed crystalline lamellar twisings are formed by crystallization of chiral polymers, pyrene-labeled PLLA and the pyrene-labeled PDLA, respectively. By contrast, helical phases with left- and right-handedness are formed by self-assembling of chiral BCPs (BCPs*), PS-perylene-PLLA and PS-perylene-PDLA, respectively. Through twisting and shifting at crystalline folding surface of chiral polymers and microphase-separated interface of block copolymers, significant induced circular dichroism (ICD) signals of the achiral chromophore as the chain end of polymer and the junction of constituted blocks can be driven by chiral polymer self-assembly while crystallization occurs and by BCP* self-assembly in solution while the concentration of the BCPs* in toluene solution is higher than the critical micelle concentration, respectively. Also, the induced optical activity of the achiral chromophore in the self-assembled chiral polymers and BCPs* can be well defined by the helicity of chiral entity via chirality transfer. Consequently, it is possible to create hierarchical helical superstructures such as helcial banded spherulitic textures and helical phases by using achiral chromophore at the chain end of chiral polymer and as the junction of chiral BCPs. Owing to the ICD of the achiral chromophore driven by self-assembly, novel materials with specific chiroptic properties can be fabricated.
    Systematic studies on the mechanisms of chirality transfer from molecular to phase chirality in the crystallization of the chiral polylactides and the self-assembly of the polylactide-containing BCPs* are carried out. The chirality of molecule in the chiral polymers is identified from electron circular dichroism (ECD) spectra while the handedness of the helical conformation in the chiral polymer is determined from split-type Cotton effect in vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra. The sense of the lamellar twisting in the crystalline spherulite is determined using PLM for the comparison with the ICD signals of the achiral chromophore at which the signature of split-type Cotton effect of the achiral chromophore (as a molecular probe) in ECD spectrum can be used for the handedness determination of the lamellar twisting. On the basis of the VCD results of the chiral polylactides and the ECD results of the chromophore labeled at the chain ends of the polymers, a homochiral evolution from the chiral polymer chain (conformation chirality) to the lamellar twisting in the banded spherulite (hierachical chirality) is suggested. Micro-phase separation of the BCP* is exploited to form a helical (H*) phase, and the handedness of helical nanostructure in the BCP* is directly visualized from transmission electron microscopy tomography. In comparison with the spectroscopic experiments of the chiral polylactides, similar ECD and VCD results can be found in self-assembled polylactide-containing BCPs*. As a result, a homochiral evolution from the BCP* chain to the helical phase is suggested. Moreover, as examined by CD and fluorescence experiments, significant induced CD signals and bathochromic shift in fluorescence emission of achiral perylene moiety as a chemical junction of the BCPs* can be found once the concentration of the BCPs* in toluene solution is higher than critical micelle concentration, suggesting a twisting and shifting mechanism initiating from microphase-separated interface of the BCPs* leading to the formation of H* phase from self-assembly.
    Because of the unstable character of ester group, chiral polylactides in the BCPs* can be hydrolytically degraded. As evidenced by chiroptical measurements, the induced preferential helicity of the achiral chromophore in the polylactide-containing BCPs* via BCP* co-assembly can be maintained (i.e., memorized) after hydrolysis of the chiral polylactide in self-assembled BCP* thin film. By taking advantage of the achiral chromophore with preferential handedness at the microphase-separated interface (that is chirality memory effect), the hydrolyzed PS nanopores with the achiral chromophore as molecular probe is appealing for the applications in chiroptics. Most importantly, the demonstrated chirality memory effect suggests the feasibility to provide a helical contour of the chemical junctions decorated on the wall of the nanopores, giving the possibility to create functionalized nanoporous materials with defined surface properties for novel applications.
    Moreover, as photo-induced pyrene association is a diffusion-controlled process, the optical recording effect of pyrene-labeled chiral polylactides can be well defined through the manipulation of polymer chain mobility which is dependent on the configurational and conformation regularity. Also, because the chiral polylactides are intrinsically crystallizable polymers, the Tg and Tm of the PLCPs can be exploited as energy barriers for the induction of the association of pyrene moieties in PLCPs and the recording capabilities of the PLCPs will be dependent upon the corresponding thermal properties.

    Contents Abstract I Contents IV Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Hierarchical Architectures from Self-Assembly 1 1.1.1 Hierarchical Architectures in nature 4 1.1.2 Artificial Architectures from Self-Assembly 6 1.1.3 Driving Forces in Self-Assembly 6 1.1.4 Competing Interactions resulting in Multi-Domain Self-assembly 9 1.2 Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers 11 1.3 Chirality effect on Self-assembled Architectures 15 1.3.1 Chiromorphology in the biological world 17 1.3.2 Chiromorphology in the non-biological world 19 1.3.2.1 Helical Conformations 20 1.3.2.1.2 Intrinsic helical conformations 21 1.3.2.1.2 Induced helical conformations 27 1.3.2.2 Helical Superstructures 33 1.3.2.3 Helical Phases 37 1.3.2.4 Helical Surfaces/Interfaces and Their Chirality 38 1.3.3 Chirality Transfer in Self-assembly 41 1.4 Self-assembly of Chiral Block Copolymers (BCPs*) 47 1.4.1 New Helical Phases from BCPs* Self-Assembly 48 1.4.2 Banded Spherulite from BCPs* Self-Assembly 54 1.4.3 Molecular Packing for Forming Helical Phase 56 1.5 Structure Determination of Helical Architectures 58 1.5.1 Electron Tomography (3D TEM) 59 1.5.2 Polarized Light Microscope with a Goniometer 60 1.5.3 Helical Sense Determination at Molecular Level 62 1.5.3.1 Optical Activity 62 1.5.3.2 Chromophore aggregation and Exciton Chirality Method 65 1.6 Chirality Memory Effect 68 Chapter 2 Objectives 72 Chapter 3 Materials and Experimental Methods 78 3.1 Synthesis 78 3.1.1 Synthesis of Pyrene-labeled Polymers (PLPs) 78 3.1.2 Synthesis of Chiral Block Copolymers with or without Achiral Chromophore junction 83 3.2 Experimental Section 89 3.2.1 Preparation of Solution Samples 89 3.2.2 Preparation of Solid-state Samples 89 3.2.3 Hydrolysis of Polylactide in BCP* Thin-film Sample 90 3.2.4 Sol-gel procedure 91 3.2.5 Preparation of BCP* thin-film sample via co-assembly 91 3.2.6 Optical recording procedure 95 3.3 Characterization and Instrumentation 96 3.3.1 GPC and HPLC in-series (3D GPC) 101 3.3.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 3.3.3 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 103 3.3.4 CD and VCD measurement 103 3.3.5 CMC measured by Polarized Laser Light Scattering 104 3.3.6 Scattering effect on CD measurement 105 3.3.7 Polarized Light Microscope with a Goniometer 107 3.3.8 Small-angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) 107 3.3.9 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) 107 3.3.10 Electron Tomography (3D TEM) 108 3.3.11 Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 109 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 110 4.1 Chirality Transfer in Self-Assembled Chiral Polymers with Homochiral Evolution 110 4.1.1 Phase Chirality in Self-Assembled Chiral Polymers. 111 4.1.2 Chirality Transfer in Various Length Scales in Self-Assembled Chiral Polymers. 113 4.1.3 Surface Chirality of Twisting Lamellae in Self-Assembled Chiral Polymers. 116 4.1.4 Mechanism of chirality transfer in helical banded spherulite from chiral polylactide self-assembly. 120 4.2 Chirality Transfer in Self-assembled Chiral Block Copolymerswith Homochiral Evolution. 123 4.2.1 Phase Chirality in Self-Assembled BCP*. 124 4.2.2 Chirality Transfer in Various Length Scales in Self-Assembled BCPs*. 127 4.2.3 Origins for forming helical phase.. 131 4.2.4 Evidences for twisting at microphase-separated interface.. 135 4.2.5 Evidences for shifting at microphase-separated interface. 140 4.2.6 H* phase from self-assembled PS-perylene-PLLA.. 143 4.3 Chirality Memory Effect on Self-Assembled BCPs* 145 4.3.1 BCP* thin-film samples from co-assembly. 146 4.3.2 Induced chirality via co-assembly of BCPs* 149 4.3.3 Chirality memory effect at BCP* interface. 155 4.3.4 Examination of Interfacial Chirality by Post-heating. 159 4.4 Photo-induced Pyrene Association in Pyrene-labeled Polymers (PLPs) for Optical Recording. 163 4.4.1 Photo-induced association of pyrene moieties in amorphous PLPs via π-π interaction 164 4.4.2 Diffusion-controlled excimer formation of pyrene moieties 166 4.4.3 The regularity of helical chain conformation on association of pyrene moieties in amorphous PLPs.. 171 4.4.4 Recording resolution in amorphous PLPs. 173 4.4.5 Molecular motion frozen in the polymeric glass state 174 4.4.6 Crystallization effect on association of pyrene moieties 174 Chapter 5 Conclusions 178 Chapter 6 References 182 Publications 194 Acknowledgements 197   List of Tables Table 1 Types of bonds and interactions applicable to hierarchical architectures from self-assembly. 8 Table 2 Common types of interactions and corresponding interaction energy between two atom, ion or small molecules in a vacuum.. 8 Table 3.1. Characterization of pyrene-labeled polymers 83 Table 3.2 Characterization of polylactide homopolymers, polylactide- containing BCPs and polylactide-containing BCPs with a perylene bisimide junction 88 Table 3.3 Chemical structures and characterization of chiral block polymers. 93 List of Schemes Scheme 3.1.1.1 Synthesis of Pyrene-labeled PLA. 78 Scheme 3.1.1.2 Synthesis of Pyrene-labeled PS. 81 Scheme 3.1.2 Synthetic routes of PS-PLLA with a perylene bisimide junction, PS-perylene-PLLA.. 83 Scheme 4.1 Schematic illustration of the formation of banded spherulite and the hypothetical mechanism of chirality transfer in the crystallized pyrene-labeled polylactides (purple ellipse, red arrow and l indicate the chromophore, the radial growth of the twist lamellae in spherulite and lamellar thickness, respectively).. 121 List of Figures Figure 1.1. (A) Aggregation occurs when there is a net attraction and an equilibrium separation between the components. The equilibrium separation normally represents a balance between attraction and repulsion. These two interactions are fixed in molecular self-assembly but can be engineered independently in macroscopic self-assembly. (B) and (C) Schematic illustration of the essential differences between irreversible aggregation and ordered self-assembly. (B) Components (shown in blue) that interact with one another irreversibly form disordered glasses (shown in green). (C) Components that can equilibrate, or adjust their positions once in contact, can form ordered crystals if the ordered form is the lowest-energy form (shown in red). (D) Biology provides many examples of self-assembly (here, the formation of a protein, an asymmetric, catalytically active nanostructure); these examples will stimulate the design of biomimetic processes. 2 Figure 1.2. Examples of static self-assembly. (A) Crystal structure of a ribosome. (B) Self-assembled peptide amphiphile nanofibers. (C) An array of millimeter sized polymeric plates. (D) Thin film of a nematic liquid crystal. (E) Micrometersized metallic polyhedra folded. (F) A three-dimensional aggregate of micrometer plates. 3 Figure 1.3. Time scale of electron transfer, molecular motion and chemical reaction. 4 Figure 1.4. Levels of a protein structure. (a) The amino-acid sequence of a protein (primary structure) contains all the information needed to specify (b) the regular repeating patterns of hydrogen-bonded backbone conformations (secondary structure) such as alpha helices (red) and beta sheets (blue). As well as the (c) the way these elements pack together to form the overall fold of the protein (tertiary structure). (d) The relative arrangement of two or more individual polypeptide chains is called quaternary structure. 5 Figure 1.5 Length scales of complexity in matter. 5 Figure 1.6 The forces of nature. (a) Strong nuclear interactions hold protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei. Weak interactions are involved in electron emission (b decay). (b) Electrostatic (intermolecular) forces determine the cohesive forces that hold atoms and molecules together in solids and liquids. (c) Gravitational forces affect tides, falling bodies, and satellites. 7 Figure 1.7 Promotion of unfavorable structures by increasing the strength of competing interactions. (A) A chain with sequence a leads to a less stable structure than a chain with sequence b. (B) The blocky structure of sequence a can be stabilized by increasing the strength of the end domains toq > q c = 3, compared with alternating diagonal structures of sequence b with q = 1. (C) Sketch of a hypothetical multidomain polymer depicting various types of domains linked together into a three-armed star polymer built from different large-scale units of (a) β-pleated sheet, (b) LC block in cylinder domain, (c) α helix segment, (d) dendrimer, (e) crystal lamella, and (f) chain segment with pendent groups. 10 Figure 1.8 Examples of static self-assembly. (a) Crystal structure of a ribosome. (b) Self-assembled peptideamphiphile nanofibers. (c) An array of millimeter sized polymeric plates assembled at a water/perfluorodecalin interface by capillary interactions. (d) Thin film of a nematic liquid crystal on an isotropic substrate. (e) Micrometersized metallic polyhedra folded from planar substrates. (f) A three-dimensional aggregate of micrometer plates assembled by capillary forces. 13 Figure 1.9 Examples of dynamic self-assembly. (a) An optical micrograph of a cell with fluorescently labeled cytoskeleton and nucleus; microtubules ~ 24 nm in diameter) are colored red. (b) Reaction-diffusion waves in a Belousov-Zabatinski reaction in a 3.5-inch Petri dish. (c) A simple aggregate of three millimeter-sized, rotating, magnetized disks interacting with one another via vortex-vortex interactions. (d) A school of fish. (e) Concentric rings formed by charged metallic beads 1 mm in diameter rolling in circular paths on a dielectric support. (f) Convection cells formed above a micropatterned metallic support. The distance between the centers of the cells is ~ 2 mm. 13 Figure 1.10 (a) Schematic phase diagram showing the various ‘classical’ BCP morphologies adopted by non-crystalline linear BCP. The blue component represents the minority phase and the matrix, majority phase surrounds it. (b) Schematic of morphologies for linear ABC tri-BCP. A combination of block sequence (ABC, ACB, BAC), composition and block molecular weights provides an enormous parameter space for the creation of new morphologies. Microdomains are colored as shown by the copolymer strand at the top, with monomer types A, B and C confined to regions colored blue, red and green, respectively. 15 Figure 1.11 Chiromorphology expressed at all levels in nature, from molecules to living organisms and crystals. 18 Figure 1.12 (a) Structures of poly-1, and (R)-NapExpanded. (b) CD spectra of poly-1H in 0.34 M DMSO solution of (R)-Nap (solid line). (c) AFM phase image of the poly-1H-(R)-Nap complex. A single molecule (c)-(a), a toroidal structure (c)-(b), and helical structures (c)-(c) can be seen 21 Figure 1.13 (a) Temperature dependence of selected CD bands in L,L- and L,D-(PIAA)u in water. (b) Same as (a) for L,L,L-(PIAAA)u; the inset shows the spectra at different temperatures. Sample concentrations were 0.5 mM expressed per repeat unit (c) Schematic model showing the helical backbone (red) and the β-strands (blue). Side view highlighting the stacked arrangement of the β-strands (Left) and Top view (Right). 23 Figure 1.14 CD spectra of (A) 3-Rh-8-Rh and (B) 4, 6, and 9 prepared by Rh- and Mo-catalysts (in CHCl3, C = 6.0×10−4 molL-1, 20oC). 26 Figure 1.15 Parallel formation of a double helicate and a triple helicate by self-selection with self-recognition from a mixture of two different suitably instructed ligands and two different types of metal ions that present specific processing/coordination algorithms. CuI (red) and NiII (green) have tetrahedral and octahedral coordination, respectively.. 29 Figure 1.16 (A) Phenylacetylene oligomers 13–21 (inset, upper left). Also shown is octadecamer 21 in a representative random coil conformation. (B) Helical conformation of a meta-substituted phenylacetylene octadecamer (n = 18), where R =H and the end groups have been removed.. 30 Figure 1.17 Schematic illustration of helicity induction in polyacetylenes bearing various functional groups upon complexation with chiral compounds. 30 Figure 1.18 (a) CD spectra of iP2VP, aP2VP, and sP2VP complexing with MA in chloroform dilute solution, (b) Hypothetic molecular dispositions of ICD for P2VPs. 32 Figure 1.19 (a) Average molecular structure and schematic representation of PMPSnPEOm. Helical aggregates of PMPSnPEOm found in a water/THF mixture of 90/10 (v/v). (b) TEM image (unstained, bar represents 250 nm) of a right-handed helix and (c) SEM image (uncoated, bar represents 250 nm) of a left-handed helix.. 33 Figure 1.20 (a) Chemical structures of compound 1 and 2. (b) Freeze-fracture electron micrographs of compound 2 in pyridine showing fiber network formation with helical textures (scale bar represents 100 nm).. 34 Figure 1.21 (a) Structure of DRC. (b) TEM micrographs of CdS precipitated in gels of the DRC in EHMA. Helical nanostructure of CdS with a pitch of 40 ± 50 nm. Inset is the schematic representation of a possible templating mechanism in which a coiled CdS helix is produced from a twisted helical template through growth along one face of the template. The resulting yellow mineral (shown at an early stage of growth so as not to obscure ribbon) would have a pitch twice that of the ribbon template (blue).. ………..35 Figure 1.22 (a) Structure of PET(R*)-9. (b) TEM bright image of the helical single lamellar crystal.. 36 Figure 1.23 (a) TEM micrograph of self-assembled morphologies in the bulk samples of PS-PB-PMMA triblock terpolymer at which PB forms cylinders and surrounds PS cylinders as helices in PMMA matrix. (b) Illustration of helical ring on cylinder in (a). Symbol A, B and C denotes PS, PB and PMMA, respectively 37 Figure 1.24 TEM images of helical phase in nanorods via two-dimensional confinement of cylinder-forming PS-PBD BCPs by using anodic alumina membranes: (a) cross-sectional view along the axes of the nanorods; (b) cross-sectional view normal to the axes of the nanorods. The scale bars are 20 nm in both images. 38 Figure 1.25 The diastereomers of “Frankenfoot”: a representation of the handedness of molecules and their possible footedness when they adsorb on a surface. 39 Figure 1.26 (a) Simulation of NIBC molecules on gold surfaces and schematic representation of the stereospecific interaction between DNA and (b) chiral modified surfaces with L/D-NIBC enantiomers.. 41 Figure 1.27 (a) Stick model of S-pseudopeptide; (b) space-filling model of S-pseudopeptide; (c) stick model of R-pseudopeptide; and (d) space-filling model of R-pseudopeptide showing a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular right-handed helical structure for S-pseudopeptide and a left-handed helical structure for R-pseudopeptide along the crystallographic c axis. TEM images of the self-assembling (e) S-pseudopeptide and (f) R-pseudopeptide show mirror-image helical superstructures. S-pseudopeptide forms a right-handed helical superstructure with an average width of 50 nm, whereas the enantiomer R-pseudopeptide forms a helical superstructure with an average width of 49nm and with reverse handedness with respect to the superstructure obtained from the self-assembling S-pseudopeptide... 42 Figure 1.28 (a) Chemical structures of R-DRC, S-DRC. Chirality located at the indicated stereocenter. (b) Atomic force microscopy images of R-DRC (left) and S-DRC (right). The horizontal and vertical scale bars are identical for both images. The white lines indicate handedness... 43 Figure 1.29 (a) Chemical structures of the enantiomeric amphiphilic peptides, 1L and 1D, used for self-assembly. Tapping-mode AFM images of 1L (B), 1D (C) helical superstructures.. 44 Figure 1.30 Stereoview of the oligomerization domain of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (α helices) seen perpendicular to the pentamer axis with its NH2-terminus down. Ribbon representation is used for the main chain; side chains are colored according to atom type. Each helix makes about one-third of a superhelical turn over the length of the bundle. Deviations from five-fold symmetry of the positions of side chains can be seen. The right-handed helical protein chains can pack in a counterclockwise style to generate left-handed helical superstructures.. 45 Figure 1.31 (a) Chemical structure of PET(R*-n) and PET(S*-n). TEM micrograph of PET(R*-9) right-handed helical single crystal crystallized at 145 °C for 1 day (b), PET(S*-9) left-handed helical single crystal crystallized at 145 °C for 1 day (c), and PET(R*-10) left-handed helical single crystal crystallized at 130 °C for 1 day (d).. 46 Figure 1.32 The left hand is a non- superimposable mirror image of the right hand; no matter how the two hands are oriented, it is impossible for all the major features of both hands to coincide. In the case of molecules, two mirror images of a molecule that cannot be superposed onto each other are referred to as enantiomers or optical isomers and the molecule is referred to as a chiral entity... 47 Figure 1.33 TEM mass-thickness-contrast micrographs and corresponding 1D SAXS profiles of self-assembled morphologies in the bulk samples of PS-b-PLLA BCPs* with different volume fractions of PLLA: a) fPLLAv=0.14; b) fPLLAv =0.29 and c) fPLLAv =0.49... ………..50 Figure 1.34 (a) TEM mass-thickness-contrast micrograph of self-assembled morphology in the bulk samples of PS-b-PLLA with fPLLAv=0.34 after quenching from the microphase-separated melt (175oC) viewing with electron beam slightly tilting from the helical central axis and (b) corresponding 1D SAXS pattern. Inset shows 2D SAXS pattern. (c) Schematic illustration of H* phase... 50 Figure 1.35 (a) Chemical structures of PS-b-PLLA and P4VP-b-PLLA, (b) corresponding TEM mass-thickness-contrast micrographs of self-assembled morphology in the bulk samples of P4VP-b-PLLA driven by controlling solvent evaporation. 53 Figure 1.36 Illustration of (a) the intrinsic lamellae of PS-b-PLLA, and the molecular dispositions for the blends of PS-b-PLLA with (b) high-Mn HS (purple chain), (c) intermediate-Mn HS (purple chain), and (d) low-Mn HS (purple chain). The sizes of the PS microdomain and the PLLA microdomain are determined based on the primary peaks of the SAXS profiles. 53 Figure 1.37 PLM morphologies of (a) PLLA-rich PS-PLLA banded spherulites and (b) stereocomplex spherulites in the blends of PLLA-rich PS-b-PLLA and PDLA with equimolar PLLA and PDLA crystallized from melt at 130oC; and (c) Illustration of crystalline lamellar twisting in PS-b-PLLA banded crystalline spherulites with negative birefringence character. The observed crystalline lamellar twisting arises from imbalanced surface stress at crystalline lamellar fold surfaces due to the different rotational sense of chiral PLLA chains. In addition, the imbalanced surface stress is intensified by the effect of diluents due to the existence of dangling amorphous PLLA and PS chains. Consequently, the imbalanced surface stress cooperatively drives the crystalline lamellar twisting, and finally leads to the formation of banded texture. 55 Figure 1.38 Three helical shapes obtained from three different stacking rules: (a) twisting only. (b) twisting and shifting. (c) twisting and bending.. The radius and pitch of the helical curves connecting the centers of the plates are given by r and p. The first plate is aligned so that the helix axis is in the vertical direction. 57 Figure 1.39 General methods for structural analyses of helical polymers. 58 Figure 1.40 Schematic illustration of left-handed and right-handed helices in 3D space (left column) and 2D projection (right column). 59 Figure 1.41 Spherulites of (a) PLLA and (b) PDLA of 10 ím thick 75/25 poly(lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) films crystallized at 120 °C after having been maintained 1 h at 160 °C. The delimited area in (a) and (b) represents the observed slice during the rotation experiment. Vertical sections of (c) PLLA and (d) PDLA spherulites observed during the rotation by polarized optical microscopy with a 10x objective. The values at the bottom represent the angle of twist around the Y-axis in the right-handed positive sense. Scale bars length is 200 micrometers. 61 Figure 1.42 (a) Circular birefringence, (b) circular dichroism, (c) circular birefringence and circular dichroism, (d) plane-polarized light resolved into two circularly polarized components, R and L. As long as the intensities and phases of the two circularly polarized components remain the same, their resultant will lie in a plane and oscillate in magnitude. (e) If the right circularly polarized component is less intense (absorbed more) than the left circularly polarized component, the electric vector of the light follows an elliptical path, as shown, corresponding to elliptically polarized light. (f) The semimajor and semiminor axes of the ellipse form a triangle and the angle opposite the semiminor axis is the angle, ϕ, the ellipticity. This angle is proportional to circular dichroism. The major axis of the ellipse has been rotated through the angle α, corresponding to optical rotation. 63 Figure 1.43 Schematic illustration of LD. 65 Figure 1.44 A schematic energy diagram for aggregated dimers with coplanar inclined transition dipoles. The geometry and the slip angle θ are illustrated above. Note that for parallel aligned dimers the optical excitation is only allowed from the ground state to one of the two excitonic states depending on the angle θ, wherein ΔEvdW=difference in van der Waals interaction energies between ground and excited states. 66 Figure 1.45 Exciton coupling of two identical chromophores. 68 Figure 1.46 Schematic illustration of induced one-handed helicity in 22, and the memory of macromolecular helicity. A one-handed helical conformation of 22 is induced with 35 or 36 and the induced macromolecular helicity is memorized by achiral 37. The helix-senses of 22 induced by (R)-35 and (S)-36 are tentative, but they should be opposite, as the induced CD signs corresponding to the helical sense of 22 depend on the absolute configuration of the chiral amines. The systematic names of 35, 36 and 37 are (R)-1-(1-naphthyl) ethylamine, (S)-2-amino-1-propanol and 2-aminoethanol, respectively. 69 Figure 1.47 Schematic illustration of right- (top) and left- (bottom) handed stereocomplex formation with a triple-stranded helical structure. Right- and left-handed single helices are induced in the st-PMMA/C60 complex in the presence of (R)- or (S)-38 (left). The induced helicity is memorized after 38 is completely removed (middle). The encapsulated C60 molecules are further replaced by it-PMMA along with the formation of an optically active stereocomplex (right). 70 Figure 3.1 1H NMR spectrum of pyrene-labeled PLA 79 Figure 3.2 1H NMR spectrum of pyrene-labeled PLLA 80 Figure 3.3 1H NMR spectrum of pyrene-labeled PDLA 80 Figure 3.4 1H NMR spectrum of pyrene-labeled PS 82 Figure 3.5 1H NMR spectrum of hydroxy-terminated PS-perylene. 85 Figure 3.6 1H NMR spectrum of PS-perylene-PLLA-1 (fPLLAv=0.21) 86 Figure 3.7 1H NMR spectrum of PS-perylene-PLLA-2 (fPLLAv=0.35) 86 Figure 3.8 1H NMR spectrum of PS-perylene-PDLA-1 (fPDLAv=0.19) 87 Figure 3.9 1H NMR spectrum of PS-perylene-PDLA-2 (fPDLAv=0.35) 87 Figure 3.10 1H NMR spectrum of PS-perylene-PLA (fPLAv=0.20) 88 Figure 3.11 Illustration of the molecular dispositions of co-assembly for the chiral BCP blends of PS-perylene-PLLA with PS-b-PLLA. 93 Figure 3.12 Schematic illustration of the fabrication of long-ranged ordered nanostructures via BCPs* co-assembly. 95 Figure 3.13 Schematic illustration of (a) optical recording and (b) reading experiment 96 Figure 3.14 (a) Experimentl setup of 3D GPC, (b) optical setups of PD array and corresponding Beer-Lambert law and (c) optical setups of RI detector and corresponding Snell‘s law. 97 Figure 3.15 3D correlation of GPC elution volume and in-line diode array UV/Vis spectra for pyrene-labeled PLLA (THF, 0.5wt%). 98 Figure 3.16 3D correlation of GPC elution volume and in-line diode array UV-Vis spectra for pyrene-labeled PDLA (THF, 0.5wt%). 98 Figure 3.17 3D correlation of GPC elution volume and in-line diode array UV/Vis spectra for pyrene-labeled PLA (THF, 0.5wt%). 99 Figure 3.18 3D correlation of GPC elution volume and in-line diode array UV-Vis spectra for (a) PS-perylene-PLLA-2 (fPLLAv=0.35), (b) PS-b-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35) and (c) PS-perylene-PDLA-2 (fPDLAv=0.35) in THF solution. The concentration of solution is 0.5wt%. 100 Figure 3.19 DSC thermograms of pyrene-labeled polymers. All samples were annealed at 160oC for 3 min., then rapidly cooled to 20oC, and held at 20 oC for 30min before measuring. 102 Figure 3.20 Isothermal crystallization for pyrene-labeled PLLA crystallized at different isothermal crystallization temperature from the melt state. 102 Figure 3.21 TGA analyses of block copolymers with perylene junction in Table 3.2. 103 Figure 3.22 (a) Optical setup and (b) experiment setup of laser light scattering. 104 Figure 3.23 (a) Scattering effect on spectroscopic measurement, (b) and corresponding variation in intensity of transmittance light. 105 Figure 3.24 (a) Experimental setup. (b) CD and corresponding UV-Vis absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35) in toluene solution at 25oC. The concentration of the prepared solution is 2wt%. 106 Figure 4.1.1 (a) PLM images of pyrene-labeled PLLA isothermally crystallized at different isothermal crystallization temperatures from the melt state. (b) The variation in band spacing on banded spherulites of pyrene-labeled PLLA as a function of crystallization temperature (Tc). 111 Figure 4.1.2 PLM images of (a) pyrene-labeled PLLA and (b) pyrene- labeled PDLA isothermally crystallized at 110°C with the use of gypsum plate. The delimited areas in (a) and (b) represent the observed slices during the rotation experiment. Vertical sections of (c) pyrene-labeled PLLA and (d) pyrene-labeled PDLA spherulites observed by polarized optical microscopy during the rotation. The value at the bottom represents the angle of twist around the Y-axis in the right-handed positive sense. Scale bar is 200μm in length. 113 Figure 4.1.3 VCD and corresponding FT-IR absorption spectra of pyrene-labeled PLLA and PDLA at amorphous and crystallized states. 115 Figure 4.1.4 (a) CD and corresponding UV-Vis spectra and (b) LD and corresponding UV-Vis spectra of banded spherulite of pyrene-labeled PLLA and PDLA isothermally crystallized at 110°C and amorphous pyrene-labeled PLLA. 117 Figure 4.1.5 CD and corresponding UV-Vis absorption spectra of pyrene-labeled PLLA isothermally crystallized at different temperatures. 117 Figure 4.1.6 (a) Fluorescence spectra of pyrene-labeled PLLA isothermally crystallized at different temperatures; λexc=340nm, emission slit=10nm, (b) corresponding excimer/monomer emission ratio (IE/IM). 120 Figure 4.2.1 (a), (b) TEM micrographs of PS-b-PLLA and PS-b-PDLA, respectively; (c) 3D reconstruction of PS/SiO2 helical nanohybrids fabricated using the template from PS-b-PLLA to undergo the sol-gel reaction; (d) 3D visualization of left-handed helical nanoarrays in the reconstructed volume of the rectangular area in Figure 4.2.1c, and use of color separation process to identify each helical microdomain; (e) Left-handed (left side) and right-handed (right side) helical nanostructures reconstructed from PS/SiO2 helical nanohybrids fabricated using templates from PS-b-PLLA and PS-b-PDLA, respectively. 126 Figure 4.2.2 (a) VCD and corresponding FT-IR spectra of polylactide-containing BCPs with a perylene junction in toluene. The concentration of solution is 2wt %, (b) characteristic absorption of molecular motion in IR region and (c) molecular models of single polymer chain for polylactide-containing BCPs with a perylene junction. 129 Figure 4.2.3 Concentration-dependent VCD spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35) and PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.35) in toluene solution. 129 Figure 4.2.4 (a) VCD spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35) and PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.35) in CH2Cl2 (2wt%) and in toluene solution (2wt%) and (b) proposed molecular model of self-assembled polylactide-containing BCPs with a perylene junction in toluene. 130 Figure 4.2.5 Schematic illustration of the hypothetical mechanism of the transfer of chirality from molecular chirality into phase chirality in the self-assembly of BCPs*. 132 Figure 4.2.6 Illustration of the geometric factors of helical phase from the self-assembly of BCPs*. 133 Figure 4.2.7 (a) Illustration of the molecular packing at interface in self-assembled BCP*, (b) J-aggregation in H* phase and (c) H-aggregation in HC phase. 134 Figure 4.2.8 (a) CD and UV-Vis absorption spectra and (b) corresponding LD and UV-Vis absorption spectra of polylactide-containing BCPs with a perylene junction in toluene solution. The concentration of the solution is 2wt%. 136 Figure 4.2.9 (A, C, E) Critical micelle concentration (CMC) measurements by light scattering (He-Ne laser, λ= 632 nm) at T = 20oC; (B, D, F) corresponding concentration-dependent CD spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.21), PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.19) and PS-perylene-PLA (fPLAv=0.20) in toluene solution, respectively. 137 Figure 4.2.10 (A, C) Critical micelle concentration measurements by light scattering (He-Ne laser, λ = 632 nm) at T=20oC; (B, D) corresponding concentration-dependent CD spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35) and PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.35) in toluene solution, respectively. 138 Figure 4.2.11 (a) Concentration-dependent CD and (b) the corresponding UV-Vis absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv = 0.21) in CH2Cl2 solution, respectively. 139 Figure 4.2.12 Temperature-dependent CD and corresponding UV-Vis absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.21) in toluene solution. The concentration of solution is 3wt%. 140 Figure 4.2.13 Concentration-dependent fluorescence spectra of (A) PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35); (B) PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.35); (C) PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.21); (D) PS-perylene-PDLA (fPDLAv=0.19) in toluene solution. The wavelength for excitation is 450 nm. 141 Figure 4.2.14 Schematic illustration of the transfer of chirality from molecular chirality into interface chirality from the BCPs* self-assembly in solution. 142 Figure 4.2.15 TEM micrographs of PS-perylene-PLLA (fPLLAv=0.35). 144 Figure 4.3.1 Schematic illustration of the chirality memory effect on self-assembled D-form BCPs* in the bulk or thin-film state after hydrolysis; left-hand-circularly polarized (LCP) and right-hand circularly polarized (RCP) light as a function of wavelength, respectively. 146 Figure 4.3.2 TEM micrographs for the BCP* blends of PS-perylene-PLLA with PS-b-PLLA at different mixing ratios (X/Y) via co-assembly: (a) X/Y=100/0, (b) 90/10, (c) 70/30, (d) 50/50, (e) 30/70, (f) 10/90 and (g) 0/100 (wt/wt), respectively. 148 Figure 4.3.3 (a) Solid-state CD (top, solid line), LD (top, dotted line), and absorption spectra (bottom) of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (red line) and PS-perylene-PDLA/PS-b-PDLA (blue) thin-film sample (50/50, wt/wt). (b) Solid-state CD and absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50, wt/wt) thin-film sample rotated perpendicular and reversed to the direction of light. The spectra of the films were measured at different angles. The solution-state CD and absorption spectra of the PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50, wt/wt) (5 wt% in 1,2-dichloroethane) are also shown, and (c) Schematic illustration of the hypothetical molecular depositions of induced chirality of perylene moieties at interface via BCP* co-assembly with handedness control. 150 Figure 4.3.4 Absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (a) solution and (b) thin-film samples at various mixing ratios. (c) Plot of the intensity ratios of the absorbance at 525 and 487 nm versus the composition of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA. 152 Figure 4.3.5 (a) Solid-state CD (top, solid line), LD (top, dotted line), and absorption spectra (bottom) of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA thin-film samples at various mixing ratios. (b) Plots of g-factor at 489 nm of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA with different mixing ratios and PS-perylene-PDLA/PS-b-PDLA (50/50, wt/wt). The corresponding spectra are shown in Figures 4.3.4a and 4.3.5a. 153 Figure 4.3.6 Illustration of the molecular dispositions of two coplanar perylene molecules located near in space. 154 Figure 4.3.7 Illustration of the molecular dispositions of perylene molecules in the PS-perylene-PLLA after hydrolysis of chiral polylactide. 155 Figure 4.3.8 (a) FTIR absorption spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50 and 70/30, wt/wt) thin-film sample before and after hydrolysis using 0.5 M and 2.0M NaOH solutions; (b) corresponding TEM projections of PS/SiO2 helical nanohybrids, fabricated using templates from hydrolyzed thin-film sample of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50 and 70/30, wt/wt). The sample thickness is about 100 nm. 156 Figure 4.3.9 Cross-sectional SEM images from the hydrolyzed thin-film sample of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (10/90, wt/wt), (a) entire film, (b) top, (c) middle and (d) bottom of hydrolyzed thin-film sample. 157 Figure 4.3.10 Cross-sectional SEM images from the hydrolyzed thin-film sample of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (30/70, wt/wt), (a) entire film, (b) top, (c) middle and (d) bottom of hydrolyzed thin-film sample. 158 Figure 4.3.11 Cross-sectional SEM images from the hydrolyzed thin-film sample of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50, wt/wt), (a) entire film, (b) top, (c) middle and (d) bottom of hydrolyzed thin-film sample. 159 Figure 4.3.12 (a) Solid-state CD (top) and absorption spectra (bottom) of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA thin-film sample (50/50, wt/wt) before and after heating at different temperatures for 3 min. (b) Solid-state CD (top) and absorption spectra (bottom) of hydrolyzed PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA thin-film before and after heating at different temperatures for 3 min and further at 200 ºC for 2 h. The solution-state CD and absorption spectra of the hydrolyzed PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (5 wt% solution, in 1,2-dichloroethane) are also shown. 160 Figure 4.3.13 (a) Solid-state CD (top) and absorption spectra (bottom) of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA thin-film sample (50/50, wt/wt) before and after heating at different temperatures for 3 min. (b) Solid-state CD (top) and absorption spectra (bottom) of hydrolyzed PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA thin-film before and after heating at different temperatures for 3 min and further at 200 ºC for 2 h. The solution-state CD and absorption spectra of the hydrolyzed PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (5 wt% solution, in 1,2-dichloroethane) are also shown. 161 Figure 4.3.14 1H NMR spectra of PS-perylene-PLLA/PS-b-PLLA (50/50, wt/wt) in CDCl3 at room temperature before (top) and after (bottom) hydrolysis of PLLA chain. The inset shows the corresponding IR spectra (KBr disk) before and after the hydrolysis. 161 Figure 4.3.15 Application of hydrolyzed BCP* thin-film sample (a) ICD of achiral chromophore and (b) chiral recognition by using residue chiral block at interface. 162 Figure 4.4.1 (a) Mechanism of photo-induced formation of pyrene excimers; (b) Fluorescent images of pyrene-labeled PLA thin-film samples after recording upon illumination at 340 nm. 164 Figure 4.4.2 (a) Fluorescence spectra of pyrene-labeled PLA thin-film sample after different recording periods with an output power of 6mW; λexc=340nm, emission slit=2.5nm, (b) corresponding time profiles of the fluorescence for the monomer and the excimer emissions at 376nm and 480nm, respectively; λexc = 340nm, emission slit = 2.5nm. 165 Figure 4.4.3 FTIR spectra of pyrene-labeled PLLA thin-film sample before and after recording with an output power of 6mW. 166 Figure 4.4.4 Time profiles of fluorescence for excimer emission of pyrene- labeled PLA thin-film sample recorded (a) at different output powers (the output powers are 0.08, 0.4, 1.7, 6, 8mW) at room temperature (T=25°C); (b) at different annealing temperatures (T= 25, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120°C) at 8mW; (c) at different annealing temperatures at 8mW at the initial stage of optical recording; λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 168 Figure 4.4.5 Single-exponential fitting curves for time profiles of fluorescence for excimer emission of pyrene-labeled PLA thin-film sample recorded at different output powers; the output powers are (a) 8mW, (b) 6mW, (c) 1.7mW, (d) 0.4mW, (e) 0.08mW; λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 170 Figure 4.4.6 Single-exponential fitting curves for time profiles of normalized fluorescence for excimer emission of pyrene-labeled PLA thin-film sample recorded at different annealing temperatures; T=25, 40, 60 and 80°C; output power of 8mW, λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 171 Figure 4.4.7 (a) Time profiles of the fluorescence for excimer emission of PLP thin-film samples at room temperature (T=25°C) recorded at output power of 6mW; λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm; Single-exponential fitting curves for time profiles of fluorescence for excimer emission of PLP thin-film samples recorded at output power of 6mW; (b) pyrene-labeled PLLA, (c) pyrene-labeled PDLA and (d) pyrene-labeled PLA; λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 172 Figure 4.4.8 Time profiles of fluorescence for excimer emission of PLP thin-film samples recorded at output power of 1.7mW; λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 173 Figure 4.4.9 Optical micrographs of pyrene-labeled PLLA thin-film samples recorded upon illumination at 340 nm by using (a) a freely designed chameleon staying on a tree; (b) a copper grid as mask for recording. 173 Figure 4.4.10 Photo image of fluorescence (purple) and long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence (red) of pyrene-labeled PLA thin-film sample illuminated by λexc=340nm excitation light source at room temperature (T=25oC). 174 Figure 4.1.11 (a) Fluorescence spectra of pyrene-labeled PLLA isothermally crystallized at 75oC for different crystallization time. The measurement of the fluorescence spectra is conducted at ambient condition, and λexc=340nm, emission slit = 10nm.; (b) Time profiles of the fluorescence for excimer emission of pyrene-labeled PLLA thin-film samples isothermally crystallized at 75oC for different crystallization time, and then recorded at output power of 6mW at room temperature (T=25°C); λexc=340nm, λem=480nm and emission slit=10nm. 175 Figure 4.1.12 Energy barrier for association of pyrene moieties in chiral polylactide. 177 Figure 5.1 Schematic illustration of the hypothetical mechanism of transfer of chirality from molecular chirality into phase chirality in self-assembly of chiral homopolymer (left) and chiral BCP (right), respectively and corresponding applications. 179

    References ReferencesReferences
    1. LehnLehn Lehn, J. M. ScienceScienceScienceScience Science 1985198519851985, 227 , 849.849.849.849.
    2. WhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesides, G. M.; GrzybowskiGrzybowski GrzybowskiGrzybowskiGrzybowskiGrzybowskiGrzybowskiGrzybowski, B. ScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScience, 2002200220022002, 295295295, 2418.2418.2418.2418.2418.
    3. WhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesides, G. M.; Boncheva BonchevaBoncheva BonchevaBonchevaBoncheva, M. ProcProcProcProc. NatlNatlNatlNatl. AcadAcad Acad. SciSciSci. USAUSAUSA 2002200220022002, 99 , 4769.4769.4769.4769.4769.
    4. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Turro, N. J.; Ramamurthy, V.; Scaiano, J. C. Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Modern Molecular Photochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic Molecules Photochemistry of Organic Molecules Photochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic Molecules Photochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic Molecules Photochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic MoleculesPhotochemistry of Organic Molecules ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, ; Univ. Science Books: California, 2010201020102010.
    5. Petsko PetskoPetskoPetsko, G. A.; Ringe RingeRingeRinge, D. D. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. Protein Structure and Function. London: New London: New London: New London: New London: New London: New London: New ScienceScience Science Science Press Ltd, Press Ltd, Press Ltd, Press Ltd, Press Ltd, Press Ltd, Press Ltd, 2004200420042004.
    6. Decher, G. LayeredDecher, G. Layered Decher, G. Layered Decher, G. Layered Decher, G. LayeredDecher, G. Layered Decher, G. LayeredDecher, G. LayeredDecher, G. LayeredDecher, G. Layered nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly nanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assemblynanoarchitectures via directed assembly of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and of anionic and cationic molecules, in cationic molecules, incationic molecules, incationic molecules, incationic molecules, incationic molecules, in cationic molecules, incationic molecules, incationic molecules, incationic molecules, in cationic molecules, incationic molecules, in cationic molecules, in cationic molecules, incationic molecules, in Templating, SelfTemplating, Self Templating, SelfTemplating, SelfTemplating, Self Templating, SelfTemplating, SelfTemplating, SelfTemplating, Self Templating, Self Templating, Self-Assembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and Self Assembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and Self Assembly and SelfAssembly and SelfAssembly and Self Assembly and SelfAssembly and Self-Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds Organization (eds J. -P. Sauvage andP. Sauvage and P. Sauvage and P. Sauvage andP. Sauvage andP. Sauvage andP. Sauvage and P. Sauvage andP. Sauvage and M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford,M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, M.W. Hosseini), Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1996, 1996, 1996, 1996, 1996, 507507507–528.528.528.528.
    7. Israelachvili Israelachvili IsraelachviliIsraelachvili IsraelachviliIsraelachviliIsraelachviliIsraelachviliIsraelachvili, J. Intermolecular and Surface Forces Intermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface Forces Intermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface Forces Intermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface Forces Intermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface Forces Intermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface ForcesIntermolecular and Surface Forces 2011, 32011, 32011, 32011, 32011, 3 2011, 3rd ed.ed.ed.
    8. Wh itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P. itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P. itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P. itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P. itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P. itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.itesides, G. M.; Mathias, J. P.; Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. Seto, C. T. ScienceScience Science Science 1991199119911991, 254254254, 1312., 1312. , 1312.
    9. Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M. Whitesides, G.M.Whitesides, G.M. ; Simanek,Simanek,Simanek,Simanek, Simanek, Simanek, E. E. ; Mathias, Mathias,Mathias,Mathias,Mathias,Mathias, J. P. ; Seto, Seto,Seto,Seto, C. T. ; Chin,Chin,Chin,Chin,Chin, D.; Mathai MathaiMathaiMathaiMathai, M.; GordonGordonGordonGordonGordonGordon, D. M. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. 1995199519951995, 28 , 37 , 37, 37.
    10. Muthukumar M Muthukumar MMuthukumar MMuthukumar MMuthukumar MMuthukumar MMuthukumar MMuthukumar M .; Ober COber COber C .K.; Thomas EThomas EThomas EThomas EThomas E Thomas E .L. L. L. ScienceScience Science ScienceScience 1997199719971997, 277 , 1225.1225.1225.1225.1225.
    11. Dessipri EDessipri E Dessipri EDessipri EDessipri EDessipri E Dessipri E .; Tirrell DTirrell DTirrell D Tirrell DTirrell DTirrell D . A.; Atkins EAtkins EAtkins EAtkins EAtkins EAtkins EAtkins E . D. T. T. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1996199619961996, 29 , 3545.3545.3545.3545.3545.
    12. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. Muthukumar M. J Chem . PhysPhysPhys . 1995199519951995, 103 , 4723.4723.4723.4723.4723.
    13. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. ScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScience 2002200220022002, 295295295, 2418. , 2418., 2418., 2418., 2418., 2418.
    14. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Philip, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1996199619961996, 35 , 1155. , 1155., 1155., 1155., 1155., 1155.
    15. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Clark, T. D.; Tien, J.; Duffy, D. C.; Paul, K. E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7677.
    16. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Jakubith, S.; Rotermund, H. H.; Engel, W.; von Oertzen, A.; Ertl, G. Phys. Phys. Phys. Phys.
    183
    Rev. Lett.Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett.Rev. Lett. 1990199019901990, 65 , 3013. , 3013., 3013., 3013., 3013., 3013.
    17. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F.Whitesides, G. M.; Ismagilov, R. F. ScienceScience ScienceScienceScienceScience 1999199919991999, 284284284, 89. , 89., 89., 89.
    18. Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bate, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1990199019901990, 41 , 525. , 525., 525., 525., 525.
    19. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. Park, C.; Yoon, J.; Thomas, E. L. PolymerPolymerPolymerPolymer Polymer 2003200320032003, 44 , 6725. , 6725., 6725., 6725., 6725., 6725.
    20. Muthukumar M.; Ober Muthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; Ober Muthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; Ober Muthukumar M.; OberMuthukumar M.; Ober C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. C. K.; Thomas E. L. ScienceScience ScienceScienceScience 1997199719971997, 277277277, 1225., 1225. , 1225.
    21. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Lodge, T. P. Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys. Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys. Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys. Macromol. Chem. Phys. Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys.Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2003200320032003, 204204204, 265. , 265., 265., 265., 265.
    22. Matsen MatsenMatsenMatsen, M. W.; Bates Bates , F. S. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1996199619961996, 29 , 7641.7641.7641.7641.7641.
    23. GastGast Gast, A. P.; HallHall Hall, C. K.; Russel RusselRusselRusselRussel, W. B. J Colloid Interface Sci J Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface Sci J Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface Sci J Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface SciJ Colloid Interface Sci. 1983198319831983, 96 , 251.251.251.251.
    24. Bates BatesBates, F. S.; Fredrickson FredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredrickson, G. H. H. Phys TodayPhys TodayPhys Today Phys Today Phys TodayPhys TodayPhys TodayPhys Today 1999199919991999, 52 , 32.32.32.
    25. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Fasolka, M.; Mayes, A. M. Ann. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. Res Ann. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. Res Ann. Rev. Mater. Res Ann. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. Res Ann. Rev. Mater. ResAnn. Rev. Mater. Res . 2001200120012001, 31 , 323. , 323., 323., 323., 323.
    26. ZhengZhengZheng Zheng, W.; WangWang Wang, Z, -G. G. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1995199519951995, 28 , 7215.7215.7215.7215.7215.
    27. AbetzAbetzAbetz Abetz, V. ; Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker Supramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel DekkerSupramolecular polymers. New York: Marcel Dekker , 2000200020002000. Chapter 6 Chapter 6Chapter 6Chapter 6Chapter 6Chapter 6Chapter 6 .
    28. Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. Tsutsumi, K.; Funaki, Y. LangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuir 1997199719971997, 13 , 6869. , 6869., 6869., 6869., 6869., 6869.
    29. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Donners, Gelder, R. E.; Graswinckel, W. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. S.; Metselaar, G. A.; Rowan, A. E.; Sommerdijk, N. J. M.; Nolte, R. M. ScienceScience Science Science 2001200120012001, 293293293, 676 , 676, 676, 676.
    30. Nelson,Nelson, Nelson,Nelson,Nelson,Nelson, J. C.J. C. J. C. ; Saven,Saven, Saven,Saven,Saven, J. G. ; Moore, Moore,Moore, J. S.J. S. J. S. ; Wolynes,Wolynes,Wolynes,Wolynes,Wolynes,Wolynes, Wolynes, P. G. P. G. P. G. P. G. ScienceScience ScienceScienceScience 1997199719971997, 277277277, 1793179317931793.
    31. Mio, Mio,Mio, M. J. M. J.M. J.; Prince, Prince,Prince, R. B. R. B. ; Moore, Moore,Moore, J. S.J. S. J. S. ; Kuebel,Kuebel,Kuebel, Kuebel,Kuebel,Kuebel, C. ; Martin, Martin,Martin,Martin, D. C. D. C. D. C. D. C. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. 2000, 2000, 2000, 2000, 2000, 122, 122, 122, 122, 6134613461346134.
    32. Prince, Prince,Prince, R. B. R. B. ; Brunsveld, Brunsveld,Brunsveld,Brunsveld,Brunsveld,Brunsveld, Brunsveld,Brunsveld, L. ; Meijer,Meijer, Meijer,Meijer, Meijer, E. W.E. W. E. W.E. W.; Moore, Moore,Moore, J. S. J. S. J. S. Angew.Angew.Angew.Angew. Angew. Chem. Int. Chem. Int. Chem. Int. Chem. Int. Chem. Int. Chem. Int. Ed.Ed.Ed. 2000200020002000, 39 , 228 , 228, 228, 228.
    33. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Lokey, R. S.; Iverson, B. L. Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1995199519951995, 375375375, 303. , 303., 303., 303., 303.
    34. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.-M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Chem. Chem. Chem. Commun. Commun.Commun.Commun.Commun.Commun. 1995199519951995, 765 , 765, 765, 765.
    35. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J. Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.Cuccia, L. A.; Lehn, J.-M.; Homo, J. M.; Homo, J.M.; Homo, J.M.; Homo, J.M.; Homo, J. M.; Homo, J.M.; Homo, J.-C.; Schmutz, M. C.; Schmutz, M. C.; Schmutz, M. C.; Schmutz, M. C.; Schmutz, M. C.; Schmutz, M. Angew. Angew. Angew. Angew. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.
    184
    2000200020002000, 39 , 233 , 233, 233, 233.
    36. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Sone, E. D.; Zubarev, R.; Stupp, S. I. Angew. Angew. Angew. Angew. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed.Chem. Int. Ed. 2002200220022002, 41 , 1705.1705.1705.1705.1705.
    37. Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L.-C.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; HeC.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; HeC.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; He, T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. Phys. Phys. Phys. Phys. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. 1999199919991999, 83 , 4558 , 4558, 4558, 4558, 4558.
    38. Li, C. Y.; Li, C. Y.; Li, C. Y.; Li, C. Y.; Li, C. Y.; Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. K.;K.; Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L. Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L.-C. ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; Lotz, BLotz, BLotz, BLotz, B Lotz, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000200020002000, 122, 122, 122, 122, 72 .
    39. Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt- Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, L. L. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1995199519951995, 28 , 3080308030803080.
    40. Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt-Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1995 , 28 , 4558 , 4558, 4558, 4558, 4558.
    41. Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker, Goldacker,Goldacker, Goldacker, T. ; Abetz,Abetz,Abetz, Abetz,Abetz, V. ; Stadler, Stadler, Stadler,Stadler, Stadler, R. ; ErukhimovichErukhimovich ErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovich, I. ; Leibler,Leibler, Leibler,Leibler,Leibler,Leibler,Leibler, L. Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1999199919991999, 398398398, 137 , 137, 137, 137.
    42. Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, J. M. J. M. J. M. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 2000200020002000, 33 , 8289 , 8289, 8289, 8289, 8289.
    43. Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto,Yashima, E.; Huang, S.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Y. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1995199519951995, 28 , 4184 , 4184, 4184, 4184, 4184.
    44. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991991997, 11 9, 6345.6345.6345.6345.6345.
    45. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. Cornelissen, J. L. M.; Fischer, Sommerdijk, N. Nolte, R. M. ScienceScience Science Science , 1998199819981998, 280 , 1427 , 1427, 1427, 1427, 1427.
    46. Sakurai, S Sakurai, SSakurai, S Sakurai, SSakurai, S Sakurai, S-.I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. .I.; Kuroyanagi, K.; Morino, Kunitake, M.; Yashima, E. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2003 , 36 , 9670. , 9670., 9670., 9670., 9670., 9670.
    47. Reiko ReikoReiko, K. http://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.uhttp://bio.c.u http://bio.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm tokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htmtokyo.ac.jp/labs/kuroda/englishpage.htm
    48. Fujiki FujikiFujikiFujikiFujiki, M. MacromolMacromolMacromolMacromolMacromolMacromolMacromolMacromol. Rapid CommunRapid CommunRapid CommunRapid CommunRapid CommunRapid Commun Rapid CommunRapid CommunRapid CommunRapid CommunRapid Commun. 2001200120012001, 22 , 539.539.539.539.
    49. YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E.; Maeda MaedaMaeda, K.; Iida IidaIida, H.; FurushoFurushoFurusho FurushoFurushoFurusho, Y.; NagaiNagaiNagaiNagaiNagai, K. K. Chem ChemChem. RevRev . 2009200920092009, 109109109, 610 2.
    50. GreenGreen , M. M.; NolteNolteNolteNolteNolte, R. J. M.; Meijer MeijerMeijerMeijer , E. W. MaterialsMaterialsMaterialsMaterials MaterialsMaterialsMaterialsMaterials-chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24 chirality: volume 24 chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24 chirality: volume 24chirality: volume 24
    185
    of topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Presstopics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press topics in stereochemisty. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc Press, 2003200320032003.
    51. Farina FarinaFarina, M. TopTopTop. StereochemStereochemStereochemStereochemStereochemStereochemStereochemStereochemStereochem . 1987198719871987, 17 , 1.
    52. Cornelissen CornelissenCornelissenCornelissen CornelissenCornelissenCornelissenCornelissenCornelissen, J. J. L. M.; Rowan RowanRowanRowan, A. E.; NolteNolteNolteNolteNolte, R. J. M.; Sommerdijk SommerdijkSommerdijk SommerdijkSommerdijkSommerdijk, N. A. J. M. Chem Chem . RevRev . 2001200120012001, 10 1, 4039.4039.4039.4039.4039.
    53. NakanoNakano Nakano Nakano, T.; OkamotoOkamotoOkamoto OkamotoOkamotoOkamoto, Y. Y. Chem Chem . RevRev . 2001200120012001, 101101101, 4013.4013.4013.4013.4013.
    54. YoderYoderYoderYoder , M. D.; KeenKeen , N. T.; JurnakJurnakJurnak JurnakJurnak, F. F. ScienceScience ScienceScienceScience 1993199319931993, 260260260, 1503.1503.1503.1503.1503.
    55. Cornelissen CornelissenCornelissenCornelissen CornelissenCornelissenCornelissenCornelissenCornelissen, J. J. L. M.; DonnersDonnersDonnersDonnersDonners Donners, J. J. J. M.; GelderGelder GelderGelder , R.; GraswinckelGraswinckel GraswinckelGraswinckelGraswinckelGraswinckelGraswinckelGraswinckelGraswinckel, W. S.; Metselaar MetselaarMetselaar Metselaar , G. A.; Rowan RowanRowan , A. E.; Sommerdijk SommerdijkSommerdijkSommerdijk SommerdijkSommerdijkSommerdijkSommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; NolteNolteNolteNolteNolte, R. J. M. M. ScienceScience Science Science 2001200120012001, 293293293, 676.676.676.676.
    56. NolteNolteNolteNolteNolte, R. J. M.; Beijnen BeijnenBeijnenBeijnenBeijnen , A. J. M. V.; DrenthDrenth DrenthDrenth, W. W. W. J. Am . Chem Chem . Soc . 1974197419741974, 96 , 5932.5932.5932.5932.5932.
    57. Müller MüllerMüllerMüller , M. M.; WindsorWindsorWindsorWindsorWindsorWindsorWindsor, M. A.; Pomerantz PomerantzPomerantz PomerantzPomerantz, W. C.; GellmanGellman GellmanGellmanGellman , S. H.; HilvertHilvertHilvertHilvertHilvert , D. AD. A D. A. AngewAngewAngewAngew . Chem Chem . IntIntInt. Ed . 2009200920092009, 48 , 922.922.922.922.
    58. AppellaAppellaAppellaAppellaAppellaAppellaAppella, D. H.; ChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristiansonChristinsonChristianson, L. A.; KleinKleinKlein Klein, D. A.; Powell PowellPowellPowellPowell, D. R.; HuangHuangHuangHuangHuang, X.; Barchi Barchi, Jr JJr J Jr J. J.; GellmanGellmanGellmanGellmanGellmanGellman , S. H. H. Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1997199719971997, 387387387, 381.381.381.381.
    59. Park , J. S.; LeeLeeLee, H. S.; LaiLai , J. R.; KimKimKim, B. M.; GellmanGellman GellmanGellmanGellman , S. H. J. Am . Chem Chem . SocSocSoc. 2003200320032003, 125125125, 8539.8539.8539.8539.8539.
    60. KimKimKim, J. H.; KimKimKim, K. H.; Møllegaard MøllegaardMøllegaardMøllegaardMøllegaardMøllegaard Møllegaard, N. E.; NielsenNielsenNielsen NielsenNielsenNielsen, P. E.; KooKooKoo, H. S. Nucleic Nucleic Nucleic Nucleic. AcidsAcids AcidsAcids. ResRes . 1999199919991999, 27 , 2842.2842.2842.2842.2842.
    61. TotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsinganTotsingan, F.; JainJainJainJain, V.; Bracken BrackenBrackenBracken, W. C.; Faccini FacciniFaccini, A.; TedeschiTedeschiTedeschiTedeschiTedeschiTedeschiTedeschiTedeschi, T.; Marchelli MarchelliMarchelliMarchelliMarchelliMarchelli, R.; CorradiniCorradiniCorradini CorradiniCorradiniCorradiniCorradini, R.; KallenbachKallenbach KallenbachKallenbach KallenbachKallenbachKallenbach , N. R.; GreenGreen Green, M. M. J. Am . Chem ChemChem. Soc . 2010201020102010, 43 , 2692.2692.2692.2692.2692.
    62. WittungWittungWittungWittungWittungWittungWittung, P.; NielsenNielsenNielsen NielsenNielsenNielsen, P. E.; Buchardt Buchardt Buchardt Buchardt, O.; EgholmEgholmEgholmEgholmEgholmEgholm, M.; Nordén B.Nordén B.Nordén B. Nordén B.Nordén B.Nordén B.Nordén B. , Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1994199419941994, 368368368, 56 1.
    63. Pino PinoPino, P.; LorenziLorenziLorenzi Lorenzi , G. P. J. Am . Chem Chem . Soc . 1960196019601960, 82 , 4745.4745.4745.4745.4745.
    64. Petraccone Petraccone Petraccone PetracconePetraccone, V.; GanisGanisGanisGanisGanis, P.; Corradini Corradini CorradiniCorradiniCorradiniCorradini, P.; MontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoliMontagnoli, G. EurEurEur. PolymPolymPolymPolym . J. 1972197219721972, 8, 99.99.99.
    186
    65. AllegraAllegraAllegraAllegraAllegraAllegra , G.; CorradiniCorradiniCorradini CorradiniCorradiniCorradiniCorradini, P.; GanisGanis GanisGanis, P. MakromolMakromolMakromolMakromolMakromolMakromolMakromolMakromol. Chem Chem . 1966196619661966, 90 , 60.60.60.
    66. Moore MooreMoore , J. S.; GormanGormanGorman GormanGorman, C. B.; GrubbsGrubbsGrubbsGrubbsGrubbsGrubbs, R. H. H. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem Chem . Soc . 1991199119911991, 113113113, 1704.1704.1704.1704.1704.
    67. Percec , V.; RudickRudickRudickRudickRudickRudick, J. G.; Peterca PetercaPeterca , M.; WagnerWagnerWagnerWagnerWagner , M.; ObataObataObataObataObata, M.; Mitchell MitchellMitchell Mitchell Mitchell, C. M.; ChoChoCho, W. D.; Balagurusamy Balagurusamy BalagurusamyBalagurusamy BalagurusamyBalagurusamy Balagurusamy, V. S. K.; HeineyHeiney HeineyHeiney , P. A. J. Am . Chem Chem . SocSocSoc. 2005200520052005, 127127127, 15257.15257.15257.15257.15257.15257.
    68. Percec , V.; AqadAqadAqad , E.; Peterca Peterca Peterca, M.; Rudick RudickRudickRudickRudick, J. G.; LemonLemonLemonLemonLemon, L.; Ronda RondaRondaRonda, J. C.; De , B. B.; HeineyHeiney HeineyHeiney , P. A.; Meijer MeijerMeijer , E. W. J. Am . Chem Chem . SocSocSoc. 2006200620062006, 128128128, 16365.16365.16365.16365.16365.16365.
    69. NakakoNakako Nakako Nakako, H.; Mayahara MayaharaMayaharaMayahara , Y.; NomuraNomuraNomuraNomuraNomura , R.; TabataTabata Tabata Tabata, M.; Masuda MasudaMasudaMasuda, T. ; MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2000 , 33 , 3978.3978.3978.3978.3978.
    70. YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E.; Maeda Maeda, K.; NishimuraNishimuraNishimuraNishimuraNishimuraNishimuraNishimuraNishimura , T. Chem Chem . EurEurEur. J. 2004200420042004, 10 , 42.
    71. YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E.; Maeda Maeda, K.; Furusho FurushoFurushoFurushoFurushoFurusho, Y. AccAcc . Chem Chem . ResRes . 2008200820082008, 41 , 1166.1166.1166.1166.1166.
    72. LifsonLifsonLifson LifsonLifson, S.; AndreolaAndreolaAndreolaAndreola AndreolaAndreolaAndreola, C.; Peterson Peterson PetersonPetersonPeterson, N. C.; GreenGreen , M. M. J. Am . Chem Chem . Soc . 1989198919891989, 111111111, 8850.8850.8850.8850.8850.
    73. LehnLehn Lehn, J. M.; Rigault RigaultRigaultRigaultRigaultRigault, A.; Siegel Siegel Siegel , J.; HarrowfieldHarrowfield HarrowfieldHarrowfield Harrowfield Harrowfield, J.; Chevrier Chevrier ChevrierChevrierChevrier , B.; Moras Moras Moras, D. ProcProcProcProc. Natl NatlNatl. AcadAcadAcadAcad. SciSci . USAUSAUSA 1987198719871987, 84 , 2565.2565.2565.2565.2565.
    74. KramerKramer KramerKramer , R.; LehnLehn Lehn, J. M.; RigaultRigaultRigaultRigaultRigaultRigaultRigault, A. ProcProcProcProc. Natl NatlNatl. AcadAcad Acad. SciSci . USAUSAUSA 1993199319931993, 90 , 5394.5394.5394.5394.5394.
    75. LehnLehn Lehn, J. M. ScienceScienceScienceScience Science 2002200220022002, 295 , 2400.2400.2400.2400.2400.
    76. NelsonNelson NelsonNelsonNelson, J. C.; Saven SavenSavenSaven, J. G.; Moore JMoore JMoore JMoore J Moore J. S.; WolynesWolynesWolynesWolynesWolynesWolynes , P. G. ScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScience 1997199719971997, 277277277, 1793179317931793
    77. Prince PrincePrince , R. B.; OkadaOkadaOkadaOkadaOkada, T.; Moore MooreMooreMoore, J. S. AngewAngewAngewAngewAngew. Chem Chem . Int Int. Ed . 1999199919991999, 38 , 233.233.233.233.
    78. YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E.; Maeda Maeda, K. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2008200820082008, 41 , 3.
    79. GreenGreen , M. M.; CheonCheonCheonCheonCheon, K. S.; Yang SYang S Yang SYang SYang S. Y.; Park JPark J Park JPark J. W.; Swansburg Swansburg SwansburgSwansburgSwansburgSwansburgSwansburg, S.; Liu , W. AccAcc . Chem Chem . ResRes . 2001200120012001, 34 , 672.672.672.672.
    80. GreenGreen , M. M.; ParkPark , J. W.; Sato T Sato TSato TSato T.; TeramotoTeramoto TeramotoTeramotoTeramoto, A.; LifsonLifsonLifsonLifsonLifsonLifson, S.; SelingerSelinger SelingerSelingerSelingerSelinger , R. L. B.; Selinger SelingerSelingerSelingerSelinger , J. V. AngewAngewAngewAngew . Chem Chem . IntIntInt. Ed . 1999199919991999, 38 , 3138.3138.3138.3138.3138.
    187
    81. Chen, Chen,Chen,Chen, L. C.L. C. L. C. ; Mao, Mao, Y. C.Y. C.Y. C.Y. C. ; Lin , S. C. S. C. ; Li,Li,Li, M. C.M. C. M. C. ; Ho,Ho,Ho, R. M. R. M. ; TsaiTsaiTsaiTsai, J. C. J. C. J. C. Chem. Chem. Chem. Chem. Chem. Comm., Comm.,Comm.,Comm., 2012201220122012, 48 , 3668. , 3668., 3668., 3668., 3668., 3668.
    82. Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, Sommerdijk, N. A. J. M.; Holder, S. J.; Hiorns, R. C.; Jones, G.; Nolte, J. M. J. M. J. M. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 2000200020002000, 33 , 8289 , 8289, 8289, 8289, 8289.
    83. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J. Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.Hanan, G. S.; Lehn, J.-M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. M.; Kyritsakas, N.; Fischer, J. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Chem. Chem. Chem. Commun. Commun.Commun.Commun.Commun.Commun. 1995199519951995, 765 , 765, 765, 765-766766766.
    84. Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, Bai, F.; Zhang, J. Z.; Mann I. K.; Harris, F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L. F. W.; Chien, L.F. W.; Chien, L.-C.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; HeC.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; HeC.; Yan, D.; He C.; Yan, D.; He, T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. T.; Lotz, B. Phys. Phys. Phys. Phys. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. Rev. Lett. 1999199919991999, 83 , 4558 , 4558, 4558, 4558, 4558.
    85. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. Li, C. Y.; Yan, D.; Cheng, S. Z. Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Mann, I. K.;K.; Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L. Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L.-C. ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; ; Harris, F. W.; Lotz, BLotz, BLotz, BLotz, B Lotz, B. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc. 2000200020002000, 122, 122, 122, 122, 72 .
    86. Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt Stadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; VoigtStadler, R.; Auschra, C.; Beckmann, J.; Krappe, U.; Voigt- Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, Martin, I.; Leibler, L. L. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1995199519951995, 28 , 3080 , 3080, 3080, 3080, 3080.
    87. Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt Krappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; VoigtKrappe, U.; Stadler, R.; Voigt-Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Martin, I. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1995 , 28 , 4558 , 4558, 4558, 4558, 4558.
    88. Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker,Goldacker, Goldacker,Goldacker, Goldacker, T. ; Abetz,Abetz,Abetz, Abetz,Abetz, V. ; Stadler, Stadler, Stadler,Stadler, Stadler, R. ; ErukhimovichErukhimovich ErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovichErukhimovich, I. ; Leibler,Leibler, Leibler,Leibler,Leibler,Leibler,Leibler, L. Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1999199919991999, 398398398, 137 , 137, 137, 137.
    89. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2005 , 38 , 1055. , 1055., 1055., 1055., 1055., 1055.
    90. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. Xiang, H.; Shin, K.; Kim, T.; Moon, S.; McCarthy, T. J.; Russell, P. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. Polym. Phys. 2005200520052005, 43, , 43, , 43, , 43, , 43, 3377.3377.3377.3377.3377.
    91. Mark , A.G.; ForsterForsterForster ForsterForster , M.; Raval RavalRaval , R. ChemChemChem . P hyschemhyschem hyschemhyschemhyschem . 2011201120112011, 12 , 1474147414741474.
    92. GanGan , H.; TangTang Tang, K.; SunSunSun, T.; HirtzHirtzHirtzHirtzHirtz, M.; Li , Y.; Butz ButzButz, L. S.; Fuchs FuchsFuchsFuchs, H. AngewAngewAngewAngew . Chem Chem . Int Int. Ed . 2009200920092009, 48 , 5882588258825882.
    93. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Guha, S.; Drew, M. G. B.; Banerjee, A. Smallmallmallmall 2008200820082008, 4, 1993 , 1993, 1993, 1993, 1993.
    94. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. Messmore, B. W.; Sukerkar, P. A.; Stupp, S. I. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. SocChem. SocChem. Soc. 2005200520052005, 127127127, 7992799279927992.
    95. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. Koga, T.; Matsuoka, M.; Higashi, N. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. SocChem. SocChem. Soc. 2005200520052005, 127127127, 17596 , 17596, 17596, 17596, 17596, 17596.
    96. Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel, Malashkevich, V. N.; Kammerer, R. A.; Efimov, P.; Schulthess, T.; Engel,
    188
    J. J. ScienceScienceScienceScienceScienceScience 1996199619961996, 274274274, 761. , 761., 761., 761., 761.
    97. Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, Li, C. Y.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Weng, X.; Ge, J. J.; Bai, F.; Zhang, Z.; Calhoun, B. H.; B. H.; B. H.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Harris, F. W.; Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L. Chien, L. Chien, L.Chien, L.-C. ; Lotz, BLotz, BLotz, BLotz, B Lotz, B. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc. 2001200120012001, 123, 123, 123, 123, 2462.2462.2462.2462.2462.
    98. Lotz, BLotz, BLotz, BLotz, B Lotz, B.; Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. Cheng, S. Z. D. PolymerPolymerPolymerPolymer Polymer 2005200520052005, 46 , 577. , 577., 577., 577., 577.
    99. Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/
    100. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Bates, F. S.; Fredrickson, G. H. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1990199019901990, 41 , 525.525.525.525.
    101. Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Matsen, M. W.; Schick, Phys. Phys. Phys. Phys. Rev. LettRev. Lett Rev. Lett Rev. Lett Rev. Lett. 1994199419941994, 72 , 2660. , 2660., 2660., 2660., 2660., 2660.
    102. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. Matsen, M. W.; Bates, F. S. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1995199519951995, 28 , 8796. , 8796., 8796., 8796., 8796., 8796.
    103. Bates BatesBates, F. S.; , F. S.; , F. S.; , F. S.; Fredrickson FredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredricksonFredrickson, G. H. , G. H., G. H. , G. H., G. H. Phys TodayPhys TodayPhys Today Phys Today Phys TodayPhys TodayPhys TodayPhys Today 1999199919991999, 52 , 32 .
    104. Ho, R.Ho, R.Ho, R. Ho, R. -M.; Chiang, Y. M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y. M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.-W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C. W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C. W.; Tsai, C. W.; Tsai, C. -C.; Lin, C. C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C. C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C. -C.; Ko, B. C.; Ko, B.C.; Ko, B. C.; Ko, B. -T.; T.; Huang, B.Huang, B.Huang, B. Huang, B.Huang, B. Huang, B. -H.
    J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004200420042004, 126126126, 2704 , 2704, 2704, 2704, 2704.
    105. Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; Olayo-Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Taylor, C. J.; Hillmyer, M. A. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. Soc Chem. SocChem. SocChem. Soc. 2001200120012001, 123123123, 1519. , 1519., 1519., 1519., 1519., 1519.
    106. Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; Olayo-Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Chem. Chem. Chem. SocSocSoc. 2002200220022002, 124124124, 12761 , 12761, 12761, 12761, 12761, 12761.
    107. Ho, R.Ho, R.Ho, R. Ho, R. -M.; Chen, C. M.; Chen, C. M.; Chen, C.M.; Chen, C.M.; Chen, C. M.; Chen, C. -K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.-W. W. W. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Macromol. Rapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. Commun Rapid. Commun Rapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. CommunRapid. Commun. 2002002009, 30 , 1 , 1439 .
    108. WangWang Wang, H.-F.; WangWang Wang, H.-W.; Ho, R.Ho, R.Ho, R. Ho, R. -M. Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., Chem. Commun., 2012201220122012, 48 , 3665366536653665.
    109. KeithKeith KeithKeith, H. D.; Padden PaddenPadden , F. J. J. PolymerPolymerPolymerPolymer PolymerPolymer 1984198419841984, 25 , 28.28.28.
    110. KeithKeith KeithKeith, H. D.; Padden PaddenPadden , F. J. J. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1996199619961996, 29 , 7776.7776.7776.7776.7776.
    111. O’ Hern O’ Hern O’ Hern O’ Hern O’ Hern , C. S. C. S. ; Kamien,Kamien,Kamien,Kamien,Kamien, Kamien, R. D. ; Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky,Lubensky, T. C. ; NelsonNelson NelsonNelsonNelson, P. P. Eur. Phys. J. BEur. Phys. J. BEur. Phys. J. BEur. Phys. J. B Eur. Phys. J. BEur. Phys. J. BEur. Phys. J. B Eur. Phys. J. B Eur. Phys. J. B Eur. Phys. J. B 1998199819981998, 1, 95 , 95, 95.
    112. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. Keith, H. D.; Padden, F. J. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. J. Polym. Sci. 1959195919591959, 39 , 101.101.101.101.
    113. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Maillard, D.; Prud’homme, R. E. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 2008200820082008, 41 , 1705. , 1705., 1705., 1705., 1705., 1705.
    114. http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm http://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htmhttp://www.enzim.hu/~szia/cddemo/edemo0.htm
    115. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Nakanishi, K.; Berova, N.; Woody, R. W. Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles Circular Dichroism Principles
    189
    and and and and ApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicationsApplicaionsApplications. VCHVCHVCH Press, USA, Press, USA, Press, USA, Press, USA, Press, USA, Press, USA, 1994199419941994.
    116. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Rodger, A. Circular Dichroism and Linear Circular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear Circular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear Circular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear DichroismCircular Dichroism and Linear Dichroism. Oxford UniversityOxford University Oxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford University Oxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford University Press, USA Press, USAPress, USA Press, USAPress, USA , 1997199719971997.
    117. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Karada, N.; Nakanishi, K. Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. 1972197219721972, 5, 257. , 257., 257., 257., 257.
    118. Lewis,Lewis, Lewis,Lewis,Lewis, G. N.G. N. G. N.G. N.; Kasha,Kasha, Kasha,Kasha, M. J. Am. J. Am.J. Am.J. Am. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc. Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc.Chem. Soc. 1944194419441944, 66 , 2100 , 2100, 2100, 2100, 2100.
    119. McRae, E. G.E. G. E. G.E. G.; Kasha,Kasha, Kasha,Kasha, M. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys.J. Chem. Phys.J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. 1958195819581958, 28 , 721 , 721, 721, 721.
    120. McRae, E. G.E. G. E. G.E. G.; Kasha,Kasha, Kasha,Kasha, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958195819581958, 80 , 721 , 721, 721, 721.
    121. Kasha,Kasha, Kasha,Kasha, M. ; Rawls, Rawls,Rawls,Rawls, R. ; El -Bayoumi, Bayoumi,Bayoumi,Bayoumi,Bayoumi,Bayoumi, M. A. M. A. M. A. Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem. Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem. Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem.Pure Appl. Chem. Pure Appl. Chem. 1965196519651965, 11 , 371. , 371., 371., 371., 371.
    122. Harada,Harada, Harada, N. ; Ohashi,Ohashi,Ohashi,Ohashi,Ohashi,Ohashi,Ohashi, M. ; Nakanishi,Nakanishi, Nakanishi,Nakanishi,Nakanishi,Nakanishi,Nakanishi,Nakanishi,Nakanishi, K. K. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. J. Am. Chem. Chem. Chem. Soc. 1968196819681968, 90 , 7349 , 7349, 7349, 7349, 7349.
    123. Fischbeck, Fischbeck,Fischbeck, Fischbeck,Fischbeck, Fischbeck,Fischbeck, A.;A.; Bartke, Bartke, Bartke, Bartke, N.; N.; HumpfHumpfHumpfHumpfHumpf, H. , H., H.-U. U. U. Monatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für Chemie Monatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für Chemie Monatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für Chemie Monatshefte für Chemie Monatshefte für ChemieMonatshefte für Chemie 2005200520052005, 136136136, 397 , 397, 397, 397.
    124. YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E.; Maeda Maeda, K.; OkamotoOkamotoOkamoto OkamotoOkamotoOkamoto, Y. Y. Nature NatureNatureNatureNature 1999199919991999, 399399399, 449449449.
    125. KumakiKumakiKumakiKumaki Kumaki, J.; KawauchiKawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi, T.; OkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshi, K.; KusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagi, H.; YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E. AngewAngewAngewAngew . Chem Chem . Int Int. Ed . 2007200720072007, 46 , 5348.5348.5348.5348.5348.
    126. Schomaker SchomakerSchomakerSchomaker Schomaker , E.; Challa Challa ChallaChalla, G. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1989198919891989, 22 , 3337.3337.3337.3337.3337.
    127. KawauchiKawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi, T.; KumakiKumakiKumakiKumaki Kumaki, J.; KitauraKitauraKitauraKitaura KitauraKitaura, A.; OkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshiOkoshi, K.; KusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagi, H.; KobayashiKobayashiKobayashiKobayashi Kobayashi KobayashiKobayashi, K.; Sugai SugaiSugaiSugai, T.; Shinohara ShinoharaShinoharaShinoharaShinoharaShinohara , H.; YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E. AngewAngewAngewAngew . Chem Chem . Int Int. Ed . 2008200820082008, 47 , 515.515.515.515.
    128. KawauchiKawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi Kawauchi, T.; KitauraKitauraKitauraKitauraKitauraKitauraKitaura, A.; KumakiKumakiKumakiKumaki Kumaki, J.; KusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagiKusanagi, H.; YashimaYashima YashimaYashimaYashimaYashima, E. J. Am . Chem Chem . SocSocSoc. 2008200820082008,130130130, 11889.11889.11889.11889.11889.11889.
    129. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Nagao, Y.; Naito, T.; Abe, Misono, T. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. Dyes Pigm. 1996199619961996, 32 , 71. , 71., 71., 71.
    130. Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; OlayoZalusky, A. S.; Olayo Zalusky, A. S.; Olayo-Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A Valles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. AValles, R.; Wolf, J. H.; Hillmyer, M. A. J. Am.Chem. J. Am.Chem. J. Am.Chem. J. Am.Chem. J. Am.Chem. Soc. Soc. Soc. 2002200220022002, 124124124, 12761 , 12761, 12761, 12761, 12761, 12761.
    131. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. Wu, X.; Fraser, C. L. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2000 , 33 , 4053. , 4053., 4053., 4053., 4053., 4053.
    132. a) Solladié, Solladié,Solladié,Solladié,Solladié,Solladié,Solladié,Solladié, G. ; Zimmermann,Zimmermann,Zimmermann,Zimmermann,Zimmermann, Zimmermann,Zimmermann, Zimmermann,Zimmermann, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1984198419841984, 23 , 348348348-362362362. b) b) Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Kuball, H. G.; Höfer, T. In Chirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid Crystals Chirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid CrystalsChirality in Liquid Crystals; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, ; Kitzerow, H. S.,H. S., H. S., Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, Bahr, C., Eds.; Springer Press: New York, 2000200020002000; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67. ; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67. ; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67. ; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67. ; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67. ; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.; Vol. 1, Chapter 3, p 67.
    190
    c) OwenOwenOwen , A. J. A. J. A. J. A. J. Polymer Polymer Polymer Polymer Polymer Polymer 1997199719971997, 38 , 3705 , 3705, 3705, 3705, 3705-3708.3708.3708.3708.3708.
    133. Ho,Ho,Ho, R. -M. ; Li,Li,Li, M. -C. ; Lin,Lin,Lin,Lin, S. -C. ; Wang,Wang, Wang,Wang, H. -F. ; Lee,Lee, Y. -D. ; Hasegawa,Hasegawa,Hasegawa,Hasegawa, Hasegawa, Hasegawa, H. ; ThomasThomasThomasThomasThomas , E. L. E. L. E. L. E. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2012201220122012, 134 , 10974 , 10974, 10974, 10974, 10974, 10974-1098610986109861098610986.
    134. a) Nafie,Nafie, Nafie, L. A.L. A. L. A.L. A.; Keiderling,Keiderling, Keiderling,Keiderling, Keiderling,Keiderling,Keiderling,Keiderling, T. A.T. A. T. A.T. A.; Stephens, Stephens, Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens, P. J. P. J. P. J. P. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976197619761976, 98 , 2715 , 2715, 2715, 2715, 2715-2723272327232723. b) b) Nafie,Nafie, Nafie, L. A.L. A. L. A.L. A.; Diem,Diem,Diem,Diem,Diem, M. Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res. Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res.Acc. Chem. Res. 1979197919791979, 12 , 296296296-302302302.
    135. Schwartz, Schwartz,Schwartz, Schwartz,Schwartz, E. ; Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos,Domingos, S. R. S. R. ; Vdovin,Vdovin,Vdovin,Vdovin,Vdovin,Vdovin,Vdovin, A. ; Koepf,Koepf,Koepf, Koepf, M. ; Buma, Buma,Buma, W. J. ; Cornelissen, Cornelissen,Cornelissen,Cornelissen, Cornelissen,Cornelissen,Cornelissen,Cornelissen,Cornelissen,Cornelissen, J. L. M.J. L. M. J. L. M.J. L. M. J. L. M.J. L. M. J. L. M. ; Rowan, Rowan,Rowan, Rowan, A. E.A. E. A. E.A. E.; Nolte,Nolte,Nolte,Nolte,Nolte, R. J. M. R. J. M.R. J. M. R. J. M. ; Woutersen,Woutersen,Woutersen,Woutersen,Woutersen, Woutersen,Woutersen,Woutersen,Woutersen, S. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 2010 , 43 , 7931 , 7931, 7931, 7931, 7931-7935793579357935.
    136. Mislow, Mislow,Mislow,Mislow,Mislow,Mislow, K. ; Bickart, Bickart, Bickart,Bickart, Bickart, P. P. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. Isr. J. Chem. 1976197619761976-19 77 , 15 , 1 -6.
    137. Richards, Richards,Richards,Richards, Richards,Richards,Richards, J. T.J. T. J. T.J. T.; West,West, West,West, A. ; Thomas,Thomas,Thomas,Thomas,Thomas, Thomas, J. K. J. K. J. K. J. K. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem.J. Phys. Chem.J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. 1970197019701970, 74 , 4137413741374137-4141. 4141. 4141. 4141. 4141.
    138. Malinovskii, Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii,Malinovskii, V. L.V. L. V. L.V. L.; Samain, Samain, Samain,Samain, F. ; HäneHäneHäneHäner, R. Angew. Chem.Angew. Chem.Angew. Chem.Angew. Chem. Angew. Chem. Angew. Chem. Angew. Chem. Angew. Chem. 2007200720072007, 119119119, 4548454845484548-4551455145514551; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2007200720072007, 46 , 4464 , 4464, 4464, 4464, 4464–4467446744674467.
    139. Berova, Berova,Berova, N.; Bari Bari, L. D.; Pescitelli PescitelliPescitelliPescitelliPescitelliPescitelliPescitelliPescitelli, G. Chem. Soc. Rev. Chem. Soc. Rev.Chem. Soc. Rev.Chem. Soc. Rev. Chem. Soc. Rev.Chem. Soc. Rev.Chem. Soc. Rev. Chem. Soc. Rev.Chem. Soc. Rev. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2007200720072007, 36 , 914 , 914, 914, 914–931931931.
    140. a) Birks, Birks,Birks,Birks,Birks, J. B. J. B. J. B. Rep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. Phys Rep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. Phys Rep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. PhysRep. Prog. Phys . 1975197519751975, 38 , 903 , 903, 903, 903-974974974. b) b) Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik, M. A. M. A. M. A. Acc. Acc. Chem. Res Chem. Res Chem. Res Chem. ResChem. Res . 1985198519851985, 18 , 73, 73 -79 .
    141. Yang,Yang, Yang,Yang, J. -S. ; Lin , C. -S. ; Hwang,Hwang,Hwang, Hwang,Hwang, C. -Y. Y. Org. Lett.Org. Lett.Org. Lett.Org. Lett. Org. Lett. Org. Lett.Org. Lett. 2001200120012001, 3, 889 , 889, 889, 889-892. d) 892. d) 892. d) 892. d) 892. d) 892. d) Li,Li,Li, M. C. ; Ho,Ho,Ho, R. -M. ; Lee,Lee, Y. D. D. J. Mater. Chem J. Mater. ChemJ. Mater. ChemJ. Mater. ChemJ. Mater. Chem J. Mater. Chem J. Mater. Chem J. Mater. Chem . 2011201120112011, 21 , 2451 , 2451, 2451, 2451, 2451-2454. 2454. 2454. 2454. 2454. e) Lo , K. H.; Li,Li,Li, M. C.; Ho , R. -M.; Zhao,Zhao,Zhao,Zhao,Zhao, Y. C.; Massuyeau, Massuyeau,Massuyeau,Massuyeau,Massuyeau, Massuyeau, F.; Chuang, Chuang,Chuang, Chuang,Chuang, W. T.; Duvail,Duvail,Duvail,Duvail, Duvail,Duvail, J. L.; LefrantLefrant , S.; Hsu , C. S. Langmuir LangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuirLangmuir 2013201320132013, 29 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 , 1627−1633 .
    142. a) Li,Li,Li, C. Y. C. Y.C. Y.; Yan,Yan, Yan, D. ; Cheng, Cheng,Cheng,Cheng,Cheng, S. Z. D. S. Z. D.S. Z. D. S. Z. D.S. Z. D.; Bai, Bai, F. ; He,He, T. ; Chien, Chien,Chien,Chien,Chien, L. C.L. C. L. C. ; Harris,Harris, Harris,Harris, F. F. F. W. ; Lotz,Lotz,Lotz,Lotz, B. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1999199919991999, 32 , 524 , 524, 524, 524-527527527. b) Lotz,Lotz,Lotz,Lotz, B. ; Cheng, Cheng,Cheng,Cheng,Cheng, S. Z. S. Z. S. Z. D. ; PolymerPolymerPolymerPolymer Polymer 2005200520052005, 46 , 577 , 577, 577, 577-610610610. c) Li,Li,Li, C. Y. C. Y.C. Y.; Cheng, Cheng,Cheng,Cheng,Cheng, S. Z. D. S. Z. D.S. Z. D. S. Z. D.S. Z. D.; Weng,Weng, Weng,Weng, X. ; Ge,Ge, J. J. J. J. ; Bai, Bai,Bai, F. ; Zhang,Zhang,Zhang,Zhang,Zhang,Zhang, J. Z.J. Z. J. Z.J. Z.; Calhoun, Calhoun,Calhoun,Calhoun,Calhoun,Calhoun, B. H. B. H.B. H.; Harris,Harris, Harris,Harris, F. W.F. W. F. W.F. W.; Chien, Chien,Chien,Chien,Chien, L. -C. ; Lotz,Lotz,Lotz,Lotz, B. B. J. Am. Chem.Am. Chem.Am. Chem. Am. Chem. Am. Chem. Am. Chem. Soc.Soc.Soc. 2001200120012001, 123123123, 2462 , 2462, 2462, 2462, 2462-2463246324632463.
    143. de Jong, Jde Jong, J de Jong, Jde Jong, Jde Jong, Jde Jong, Jde Jong, J de Jong, J. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, . J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg,. J. D.; Lucas, L. N.; Kellogg, van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L. van Esch, J. H.; Feringa, B. L.
    191
    ScienceScience Science Science 2004200420042004, 304304304, 278. , 278., 278., 278., 278.
    144. Ho, R.Ho, R.Ho, R. Ho, R. -M.; Chiang, Y. M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y. M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y. M.; Chiang, Y.M.; Chiang, Y.-W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C. W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C.W.; Tsai, C. W.; Tsai, C. -C.; Lin, C. C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C.C.; Lin, C. C.; Lin, C. -C.; Ko, B. C.; Ko, B.C.; Ko, B.C.; Ko, B. C.; Ko, B. -T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B. T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B.T.; Huang, B. T.; Huang, B. -H. H. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004200420042004, 126126126, 2704. , 2704., 2704., 2704., 2704., 2704.
    145. Ho, R.Ho, R.Ho, R. Ho, R. -M.; Chiang, Y. Chiang, Y.Chiang, Y. Chiang, Y.Chiang, Y.Chiang, Y.Chiang, Y.Chiang, Y.-W.; Chen, C.W.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, C. -K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H. K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H. K.; Wang, H.K.; Wang, H.-W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; W.; Hasegawa, H.; Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. Akasaka, S.; Thomas, E. L.; Burger, C.; Hsiao, B. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009200920092009, 131131131, 18533. , 18533., 18533., 18533., 18533., 18533., 18533.
    146. Tseng, W.Tseng, W.Tseng, W. Tseng, W.Tseng, W. Tseng, W.Tseng, W.-H.; Chen, C.H.; Chen, C. H.; Chen, C. H.; Chen, C. H.; Chen, C. H.; Chen, C. -K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y. K.; Chiang, Y.K.; Chiang, Y.-W.; Ho, R.W.; Ho, R. W.; Ho, R.W.; Ho, R.W.; Ho, R. W.; Ho, R. -M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009200920092009, 131131131, 1356. , 1356., 1356., 1356., 1356., 1356.
    147. Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling Nafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; KeiderlingNafie, L. A.; Keiderling, T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. , T. A.; Stephens, P. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976197619761976, 98 , 2715.2715.2715.2715.2715.
    148. Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya, Tcherkasskaya, Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya,Tcherkasskaya, Tcherkasskaya, O. ; Ni , S. ; Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik, M. A. M. A. M. A. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1996 , 29 , 4241. , 4241., 4241., 4241., 4241., 4241.
    149. S. F. S. F. S. F. Mason MasonMason; McCaffery, McCaffery, McCaffery,McCaffery, McCaffery, A. J. J. Nature Nature Nature Nature Nature (London) (London)(London)(London)(London)(London)(London) 1964196419641964, 204204204, 468468468.
    150. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N.Falk, H.; Jungwirth, W.; Müller, N. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. Monatsh. Chem. 1984198419841984, 115115115, 455. , 455., 455., 455., 455.
    151. Borovkov, V. Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V. Borovkov, V.Borovkov, V. V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G. V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G. V.; Hembury, G.V.; Hembury, G. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. A.; Inoue, Y. Angew. Chem. Int.Angew. Chem. Int.Angew. Chem. Int.Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int. Angew. Chem. Int.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Ed. Ed. 2003200320032003, 42 , 5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.
    152. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.1995199519951995, 117117117, 11596.11596.11596.11596.11596.11596.
    153. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. Yashima, E.; Matsushima, T.; Okamoto, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997199719971997, 119119119, 6345.6345.6345.6345.6345.
    154. Yang,Yang, Yang,Yang, S. Y.; Green,Green, Green, M. M. ; Schultz, Schultz,Schultz,Schultz,Schultz, G.; Jha,Jha,Jha, S. K. ; Müller MüllerMüllerMüller , A. H. E. H. E. H. E. H. E. H. E. J. Am J. AmJ. Am. Chem Chem . Soc.Soc.Soc. , 1997199719971997, 119119119, 12404 , 12404, 12404, 12404, 12404, 12404.
    155. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Birks, J. B.; Dyson, D. Proc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., London Proc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., London Proc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., London Proc. R. Soc., London Proc. R. Soc., LondonProc. R. Soc., London 1963196319631963, A275A275A275A275, 135. , 135., 135., 135., 135.
    156. Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., JBustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J Bustamante, C.; Tinoco, I., J . R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. R.; Maestreo, M. F. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. . S.. S. 1983198319831983, 80 , 3568. , 3568., 3568., 3568., 3568., 3568.
    157. Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, Schnur, J. M.; Ratna, B. R.; Selinger, V.; Singh, A.; Jyothi, G.; Easwaran, K. R. K. R. K. R. K. R. K. R. ScienceScience Science Science 1994199419941994, 264264264, 945. , 945., 945., 945., 945.
    158. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; L. Q.; Li, S.; Shaw, W. A. D. Q. Nano Nano Nano Nano
    192
    Lett. Lett.Lett. 2003200320032003, 3, 455. , 455., 455., 455., 455.
    159. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A. Adv.Adv.Adv.Adv. Mater.Mater.Mater.Mater. Mater. 1999199919991999, 11 , 754. , 754., 754., 754., 754.
    160. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Sautter, A.; Schärtl, W.; Ibach, Hollricher, O. O. Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J. 2000200020002000, 6, 3871. , 3871., 3871., 3871., 3871., 3871.
    161. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Würthner, F.; Thalacker, C.; Diele, S.; Tschierske, C. Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J.Chem. Eur. J. Chem. Eur. J. 2001200120012001, 7, 2245.2245.2245.2245.2245.
    162. LiuLiuLiu, Y.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X. ; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X. ; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X. ; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X. Chem. Chem. Chem. Soc. Rev.Soc. Rev.Soc. Rev. Soc. Rev.Soc. Rev. Soc. Rev. 2011201120112011, 40 , 2494 , 2494, 2494, 2494, 2494–2507250725072507.
    163. Martti Kauranen Martti KauranenMartti KauranenMartti Kauranen Martti KauranenMartti KauranenMartti Kauranen Martti KauranenMartti KauranenMartti Kauranen, Nature Photon Nature PhotonNature PhotonNature PhotonNature Photon Nature PhotonNature PhotonNature PhotonNature PhotonNature Photon. 2011201120112011, 5,523 ,523,523–530. 530. 530. 530.
    164. J. K. GanselGansel GanselGanselGansel, Science Science Science Science Science Science 2009200920092009, 325325325, 1513 , 1513, 1513, 1513, 1513–1515151515151515.
    165. KurodaKurodaKuroda KurodaKuroda, R. ; Harada,Harada, Harada,Harada, T. ; Shindo ShindoShindoShindoShindo, Y. Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum. Rev. Sci. Instrum. Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum. Rev. Sci. Instrum. Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum.Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2001200120012001, 72 , 3802 , 3802, 3802, 3802, 3802-3810381038103810.
    166. Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, Didraga, C.; Klugkist, J. A.; Knoester, J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. BJ. Phys. Chem. BJ. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. BJ. Phys. Chem. BJ. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. B 2002200220022002, 106106106, 11474.11474.11474.11474.11474.11474.
    167. Harada,Harada, Harada, N.; Lai Chen,Lai Chen, Lai Chen,Lai Chen, Lai Chen,Lai Chen,Lai Chen, S.-M.; NakanishiNakanishi NakanishiNakanishiNakanishiNakanishiNakanishiNakanishi, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1975197519751975, 97 , 5345534553455345.
    168. Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik, F. M. F. M. F. M. Chem. Rev Chem. Rev Chem. Rev Chem. RevChem. Rev . 1993199319931993, 93 , 587. , 587., 587., 587., 587.
    169. Chandar, Chandar,Chandar,Chandar,Chandar, Chandar, P.; Somasundaran SomasundaranSomasundaran SomasundaranSomasundaranSomasundaranSomasundaran Somasundaran, P. ; TurroTurroTurro , N. J. N. J. N. J. N. J. N. J. Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules 1981981988, 21 , 950.950.950.950.
    170. Yang,Yang, Yang,Yang, J. -S. ; Lin , C. -S. ; HwangHwangHwang Hwang, C. -Y. Y. Org. Lett.Org. Lett.Org. Lett.Org. Lett. Org. Lett. Org. Lett.Org. Lett. 2001200120012001, 3, 889.889.889.889.
    171. Langhoff,Langhoff, Langhoff,Langhoff,Langhoff,Langhoff,Langhoff, S. R. S. R. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. 1996199619961996, 100100100, 2819. , 2819., 2819., 2819., 2819., 2819.
    172. Nafie,Nafie, Nafie, L. A.L. A. L. A.L. A.; Keiderling,Keiderling, Keiderling,Keiderling, Keiderling,Keiderling,Keiderling,Keiderling, T. A.T. A. T. A.T. A.; Stephens, Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens,Stephens, P. J. P. J. P. J. P. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976197619761976, 98 , 2715.2715.2715.2715.2715.
    173. Szabo, Szabo,Szabo, A.; Schulten SchultenSchultenSchultenSchultenSchultenSchulten, K. ; Schulten, Schulten,Schulten,Schulten,Schulten,Schulten,Schulten, Z. Z. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. J. Chem. Phys. 1980198019801980, 72 , 4350 , 4350, 4350, 4350, 4350.
    174. Stevens StevensStevensStevens Stevens, B. ; Ban,Ban, Ban, M. I. M. I. Trans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. Faraday Trans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. FaradayTrans. Faraday Soc . 1964196419641964, 60 , 1515. , 1515., 1515., 1515., 1515., 1515.
    175. Photophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic Molecules Photophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic Molecules Photophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic Molecules Photophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic MoleculesPhotophysics of Aromatic Molecules, ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, , ed. Birks, J. B., John Wiley & Sons, 1970197019701970.
    176. HunterHunterHunterHunterHunter , C. A. C. A.C. A.; Sanders, Sanders,Sanders,Sanders,Sanders,Sanders,Sanders, J. K. M. J. K. M. J. K. M. J. K. M. J. K. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990199019901990, 112112112, 5525552555255525.
    177. WhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesidesWhitesides, G. M. ; Mathias, athias, athias, athias, athias, athias, J. P. ; Seto, eto, eto, eto, C.T. T. ScienceScience ScienceScienceScience 1991199119911991, 254 , 1311311312.
    193
    178. Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith, B. A. B. A. B. A. MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromoleculesMcromolecules MacromoleculesMacromoleculesMacromolecules 1982198219821982, 15 , 469. , 469., 469., 469., 469.
    179. Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith,Smith, B. A. B. A.B. A.; Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik,Winnik, M. A. M. A. M. A. Phys. Rev. Lett.Phys. Rev. Lett.Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett.Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett.Phys. Rev. Lett. 1984198419841984, 52 , 45. , 45. , 45. , 45.
    180. Zhang,Zhang,Zhang, Zhang,Zhang, G.; Chen, Chen,Chen,Chen, J.; Payne, Payne,Payne, S. J. ; Kooi,Kooi,Kooi,Kooi,Kooi, S. E. ; Demas,Demas,Demas,Demas, Demas, J. N.J. N. J. N.J. N.; Fraser FraserFraser , C. L. J. Am. C hemhem . S oc . 2007200720072007, 129129129, 8942.8942.8942.8942.8942.

    無法下載圖示 全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校內網路)
    全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)

    QR CODE