研究生: |
林盈平 Lin, Ying-Ping |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
論研發型財團法人之管制革新-以工研院為例 Regulatory Reform for Non-profit Research Organizations: Taking ITRI as an Example |
指導教授: |
彭心儀
Peng, Shin-Yi |
口試委員: |
史欽泰
Shih, Chin-Tay 范建得 Fan, Chien-Te |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技管理學院 - 科技法律研究所 Institute of Law for Science and Technology |
論文出版年: | 2017 |
畢業學年度: | 105 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 108 |
中文關鍵詞: | 管制革新 、解除管制 、再管制 、非營利組織 、財團法人工業技術研究院 |
外文關鍵詞: | regulatory reform, de-regulation, re-regulation, non-profit organization, Industrial Technology Research Institute |
相關次數: | 點閱:2 下載:0 |
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財團法人身為第三部門,於知識型社會所扮演之角色,益顯重要。我國因長期經濟不振,社會大眾就政府資源之運用,越來越要求成本效益;對以公益為目的,長期接受政府資助之財團法人,應加強管理之呼聲,益發強烈。此本是好事,但該等訴求,經由媒體表面化之報導,恐被簡化成,只要將規範束縛一層一層套回財團法人身上,即是加強管理;反而忽略了,此時的重點工作應是,重新檢視,我國就財團法人之管制,是否有採行好的規範措施,是否有提供財團法人達成公益目的之良好法制環境。
就財團法人是否有採行好的管制措施,所涉及者,即目前各國均十分重視之管制革新議題;管制革新是一個解除管制,再管制之系統化過程,好的管制措施並應符合相關原則。財團法人工業技術研究院,為國內規模最大之研發型財團法人,以其之大,若其對應上尚有困難之管制措施,其他小型研發型財團法人,應更是困難重重。故本文擬以工研院為研究對象,以管制革新之概念及原則,檢視現行法及立法中之財團法人法,就工研院及其他研發型財團法人,是否屬於好的管制措施,並提出修法建議。本文之研究目的,希望能呈現出加諸及擬加諸於研發型財團法人之管制措施,其未臻完善之處,並藉此社會改革呼聲,希望立法者及主管機關,予以重新檢視並調整之。
As the third sector, the role of non-profit organizations has never been more important in this knowledge-based society. Since economic malaise has been a long-time issue in Taiwan, the public is now putting a high value on whether the benefits of utilizing governmental resources justify the costs; thus calling for a stronger control of those government-funded non-profit organizations. Some of the appeals, possibly affected by the media, are focusing on the means, that is, simply applying constraints or limitations to regulate such organizations. Unfortunately, most of them fail to recognize that the end is to enhance public welfare by means of reviewing whether or not the current laws are good enough to ensure the quality and effectiveness of government regulation, also known as “regulatory reform”.
Regulatory reform is a systemic process involving a mixture of de-regulation and re-regulation to improve the quality and effectiveness of regulations. As the largest non-profit research organization in Taiwan, Industrial Technology Research Institute (“ITRI”) will be playing a key role in the regulatory reform for non-profit research organizations. In this article, we will take ITRI for example, with a thorough study on the core concepts and standards of regulatory reform, to view whether or not the current regulations and the upcoming Non-profit Organization Act (still under legislative process) is good enough to effectively regulate ITRI and other non-profit research organizations in Taiwan, and, if not, to propose possible amendments as well as alternative solutions. This article aims to evoke attentions from the administrative and legislative authorities of the incongruity of current regulatory means for non-profit research organizations in Taiwan and call for a comprehensive regulatory reform.
中文部分(依作者姓氏筆劃排列)
專書
1.丁仁方、王慶輝編著(2001),政府與企業,2版,空大。
2.王名(2007),日本非營利組織,北大。
3.司徒達賢(1999),非營利組織的經營管理,天下文化。
4.白春禮(2013),世界主要國立科研機構概況,科學出版社,2017年4月。
5.江明修、官有垣、許崇源、馮燕、劉靜淳、梅高文(2001),國內非營利組織管理法規之研究,行政院研究發展考核委員會編印。
6.吳惠林、鍾琴、黃美齡譯(1991),人民與國家-管制經濟學論文集,源流出版公司。〔George J. Stigler, The Citizen and the State-Essays on Regulation〕
7.林桓(2005),公設財團法人之研究,行政院研究發展考核委員會編印。
8.林桓(2007),強化財團法人治理之研究,行政院經濟建設委員會編印。
9.林淑馨(2007),日本非營利組織:現況、制度與政府之互動,巨流圖書公司。
10.施啟揚(2003),民法總則,自版。
11.胡智慧,王建芳,張秋菊,李宏,任真(2016),世界主要國立科研機構管理模式研究,科學出版社。
12.唐國盛(2000),政府採購法律應用篇,3版,永然文化出版。
13.陳惠馨等(1995),財團法人監督問題之探討,行政院研究發展考核委員會。
14.張潤書(2008),行政學,3版,三民書局。
15.張清溪,許嘉棟,劉鶯釧,吳聰敏(1995),經濟學-理論與實際,3版,翰蘆圖書出版。
16.馮燕(2017),台灣非營利組織的法規環境與責信,收於:蕭新煌、官有垣、陸宛蘋主編,非營利部門:組織與運作,3版,巨流圖書公司。
17.齊思賢譯(2005),社會的趨勢,商周出版。〔Peter F. Drucker, Drucker Sayings on Society〕
18.蔡美慧譯(2001),非營利組織的策略規劃:實務指南與工作手冊,喜馬拉雅研究發展基金會。〔Michael Allison, Jude Kaye, Strategic Planning for Nonprofit Organizations: A Practical Guide and Workbook〕
19.劉承愚、賴文智、陳仲麟(2001),財團法人監督法制之研究,翰蘆圖書出版。
20.戴肇洋(2005),第三部門產業化之研究-以公益性非營利組織為例,行政院研究發展考核委員會編印。
21.羅昌發(2008),政府採購法與政府採購協定論析,3版,元照出版。
期刊論文
1.王偉霖(2007),我國學術機構技術移轉機制實施成效與法律制度之檢討,科技法學評論,4卷2期。
2.江朝聖(2015),論社會企業組織法制-以公益公司法為中心,全國律師,19卷9期。
3.李素華(2005),政府科技計畫研發成果境外實施管理法制,科技法律透析,17卷1期。
4.吳德華(2014),美國非營利組織課稅制度之探 討—以內地稅法§501(c)(3)組織為例,高大法學論叢,9卷2期。
5.林淑馨(2004),日本規範非營利組織的法制改革之研究,東吳政治學報,19期。
6.官有垣(2000),非營利組織在台灣的發展:兼論政府對財團法人基金會的法令規範,中國行政評論,10卷1期。
7.陳世杰(2012),科學技術基本法第六條修正後之科研採購評析,科技法律透析,24卷10期。
8.陳世杰(2013),我國科技專案導入「政府採購創新」概念之可行性評估與法制建議,科技法律透析,25卷12期。
9.陳郁庭(2012),談科研成果境外實施及其管理之全球局勢,科技法律透析,24卷1期。
10.張佳弘(2000),從政府管制探討競爭政策,公平交易季刊,8卷3期。
11.張其祿(2010),論政府管制之決策品質:以行政中立為核心,國家文官學院T&D飛訊,107期。
12.楊一晴(2011),以色列業界研發補助境外實施管理制度,科技法律透析,23卷7期。
13.楊智傑(2009),反省美國拜杜法的理論與經驗,科技法學評論,6卷1期。
14.蔡晶瑩(2014),論財團法人,月旦民商法雜誌,46卷。
15.蔡進良(2002),中央行政組織法變革之另一取向-日本獨立行政法人制度之引介,月旦法學,83期。
16.劉坤億(2007),英日公司混和型組織發展經驗之探討,國家文官學院T&D飛訊,61期。
17.賴森本、許哲源(2005),行政法人監督機制之研究,月旦法學,116期。
研討會報告
1.施俊吉(2003),台灣政府管制革新的原則與方向,台灣經濟戰略研討會,財團法人台灣智庫主辦,2003年2月22-23日。
2.張其祿(2005),績效評估之方法與工具-政府管制政策績效評估,績效評估之方法與工具學術研討會,國立中正大學公共政策與管理研究中心主辦,2005年11月25日。
網站資料
1.行政院人事行政總處網站: https://www.dgpa.gov.tw/public/Attachment/212410325627.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月29日〕。
2.朱鎮明,法規衝擊評估制度-以愛爾蘭《優質管制-白皮書》為中心的分析: http://www.ntpu.edu.tw/~pa/news/94news/attachment/951003/2-3.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月23日〕
3.林淑馨,日本非營利組織的法制建構經驗對我國之啟示: http://www.cares.org.tw/files/4200/78/p59~70%E8%AB%96%E5%A3%87%E4%BA%8C%20-%20%E6%9E%97%E6%B7%91%E9%A6%A8.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
4.政治大學網站: http://pcl.nccu.edu.tw/doc5.html,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月23日〕
5.范姜真媺,日本一般社團法人及一般財團法人法中文版本,法務部網站: https://www.moj.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=237532&ctNode=27990&mp=001,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年6月25日〕
6.許崇源,非營利組織的發展與前瞻:先進國家特色及經驗-以美國為例: http://www.cares.org.tw/files/4200/78/p53~58%E8%AB%96%E5%A3%87%E4%BA%8C%20-%20%E8%A8%B1%E5%B4%87%E6%BA%90.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
7.陳仲麟,創設對政府捐助之財團法人的特殊監督法制?-立法規劃上的探討,益思科技法律事務所網站: http://www.is-law.com/post/1/88,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
8.梁明義,王文音,台灣半世紀以來快速經濟發展的回顧與省思: http://www.tedc.org.tw/sol/handout13.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
9.劉承愚,非營利組織立法政策研析-以財團法人法(草案)為核心,益思科技法律事務所網站: http://www.is-law.com/post/1/73,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
10.劉宗德,日本公益法人、特殊法人及獨立行政法人制度之分析—兼論日本獨立行政法人制度之現狀及困境: http://beta.nmp.gov.tw/main/07/7-3/3-2/2-4/2.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月29日〕。
11.劉承愚,非營利組織法律的定位,益思科技法律事務所網站: http://www.is-law.com/old/NEW/PDF/AD0004BE01.pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月30日〕
12.蘇惠卿,公益社團法人及公益財團法人認定法中文版本,法務部網站: http://www.moj.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=388397&ctNode=35949,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年6月25日〕
13.蘇惠卿,法務部100年「公益法人制度改進之研究」委託研究案成果報告書,法務部網站: file:///C:/Users/peter/Downloads/%E6%B3%95%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8100%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8C%E5%85%AC%E7%9B%8A%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%B9%E9%80%B2%E4%B9%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8D%E5%A7%94%E8%A8%97%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%A1%88%E6%88%90%E6%9E%9C%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A%E6%9B%B8%20(5).pdf,〔最後瀏覽日:2017年7月23日〕
英文部分(依字首字母排列)
專書
1.Bruce R. Hopkins. 2013. Starting and Managing a Nonprofit Organization:A Legal Guide. 6th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Press.
2.Helmut k. Anheier. 2014. Nonprofit Organizations: Theory, Management, Policy. 6th ed. Routledge Press.
3.John M. Bryson. 2011. Strategic Planning for Public and Nonprofit Organizations:A Guide to Strengthening and Sustaining Organizational Achievement. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Press.
4.Kelly LeRoux and Mary K. Feeney. 2015. Nonprofit Organizations and Civil Society in the United States. 1th ed. Routledge Press.
5.Michael J. Worth. 2014. Nonprofit Management:Principles and Practice. 3th ed. SAGE Publications Inc. Press.
期刊論文
1.Alyssa A. Dirusso. 2011. American Nonprofit Law in Comparative Perspective. Washington University Global Studies Law Review 39.
2.Garry W. Jenkins. 2007. Incorporation Choice, Uniformity, and The Reform of Nonprofit State Law. Georgia Law Review 41.
3.Gerard Caprio, Jr.a1. 2013. Regulatory Capture: Why It Occurs, How to Minimize It. North Carolina Banking Institute 18.
4.Henry B. Hansmann. 1981. Reforming Nonprofit Corporation Law. University of Pennsylvania Law Review 129.
5.Henry B. Hansmann. 1980. The Role of Nonprofit Enterprise. Yale Law Journal 89.
6.Henry N. Butlerd Jonathan R. Maceydd. 1994. Health Care Reform: Perspectives from The Economic Theory of Regulation and The Economic Theory of Statutory Interpretation. Cornell Law Review 79.
7.Jill R. Horwitz. 2003. Why We Need the Independent Sector:the Behavior, Law, and Ethics of Not-for-Profit Hospitals. UCLA Law Review 50.
8.James T. Lang. 2017. Citizens’ Environmental Lawsuits. Texas Environmental Law Journal 47.
9.James J. Fishman. 1985. The Development of Nonprofit Corporation Law and an Agenda for Reform. Emory Law Journal 34.
10.Karen Donnelly. 2010. Good Governance: Has The IRS Usurped The Business Judgement of Tax-Exempt Organizations in The Name of Transparency and Accountability ?. UMKC Law Review 79.
11.Mollie Lee. 2006. Environmental Economics: A Market Failure Approach to The Commerce Clause. Yale Law Journal 116.
12.Mark Sidel. 2005. The Guardians Guarding Themselves: A Comparative Perspective on Nonprofit Self-Regulation. Chicago-Kent Law Review 80.
13.Martha Hardwick Hofmeister. 2015. The Foundation and The Public Good, Federal Lawyer 62.
14.Nobuko Kawashima. 2006. Governance of Nonprofit Organizations: Missing Chain of Accountability in Nonprofit Corporation Law in Japan and Arguments for Reform in The U.S. UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal 24.
15.Rob Atkinson.1990. Altruism in Nonprofit Organization. Boston College Law Review 31.
16.Steven E. Permut. 1981. Consumer Perceptions of Nonprofit Enterprise: A Comment on Hansmann. Yale Law Journal 90.
17.Yu-Hsin Lin. 2007. Modeling Securities Class Actions Outside The United States: The Role of Nonprofits in The Case of Taiwan. NYU Journal of Law & Business 4.
網站資料
1.Alison Burrell. 2011. Evaluating Policies for Delivering Agri-environmental Public Goods: http://www.oecd.org/tad/sustainable-agriculture/48185525.pdf
2.Claudio Radaelli and Oliver Fritsch. 2012. Measuring Regulatory Performance: Evaluating Regulatory Management Tools and Programmes: https://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/2_Radaelli%20web.pdf
3.Cary Coglianese. 2012. Measuring Regulatory Performance: Evaluating The Impact of Regulation and Regulatory Policy: https://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/1_coglianese%20web.pdf
4.Council on Foundations: https://www.cof.org/sites/default/files/Japan-201609.pdf
5.Ijay Vir Singh. Regulatory Management and Reform in India: https://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/44925979.pdf
6.Japan NPO Center: http://www.jnpoc.ne.jp/en/nonprofits-in-japan/overview/
7.OECD. 2012. Recommendation of The Council on Regulatory Policy and Governance: https://www.oecd.org/governance/regulatory-policy/49990817.pdf
8.OECD. 2007. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Sweden: Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation in Sweden: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/38286959.pdf
9.OECD. 2005. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Russia: Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/34985412.pdf
10.OECD. 2002. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Turkey: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/1840728.pdf
11.OECD. 2009. Better Regulation in Europe: An Assessment of Regulatory Capacity in 15 Member States of The European Union: Better Regulation in The Netherlands: https://www.oecd.org/netherlands/43307757.pdf
12.OECD. 2000. Reducing The Risk of Policy Failure: Challenges for Regulatory Compliance: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/46466287.pdf
13.OECD. 2001. Regulatory Reform in Italy: Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/2511763.pdf
14.OECD. APEC-OECD Integrated Checklist on Regulatory Reform: https://www.oecd.org/regreform/34989455.pdf
15.OECD. 2010. Regulatory Policy and The Road to Sustainable Growth: https://www.oecd.org/regreform/policyconference/46270065.pdf
16.OECD. 1997. The OECD Report on Regulatory Reform Synthesis: http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/2391768.pdf
17.OECD. Regulatory Reform and Innovation: https://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/2102514.pdf
18.OECD. 2001. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Greece: Government Capacity to Assure High Quality Regulation in Greece: https://www.oecd.org/greece/2475366.pdf
研究報告
1.Amenomori, Takayoshi. 1993. Defining the Nonprofit Sector: Japan, Working Papers of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, no. 15, edited by L.M. Salamon and H.K. Anheier. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies.
2.Salamon, Lester M. and Susan L. Q. Flaherty. 1996. Nonprofit Law: Ten Issues in Search of Resolution, Working Papers of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project, no. 20, edited by Lester M. Salamon and Helmut K. Anheier. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies.