高風險產業意味著該產業有較高的事故發生率或可能造成嚴重的後果，舉凡金屬製造、營造業、核能電廠等產業，都對人們的生命財產存在一定的風險，這些行業也一直是安全管理領域關注的要點，事故發生的原因也從檢討人為失誤，轉而檢討人為失誤背後的安全管理系統。本研究對高風險產業的安全管理進行研究，以三個個案來探討人為失誤的辨識、風險評估以及安全管理系統在實務上的應用情形。本研究透過人為因素分析與歸類系統的應用，找出在金屬製造業中所發生的意外事故各層級風險因子間的關聯性；對核能電廠在面臨嚴重意外事故時的處理程序進行人為失誤預測及可靠度評估；以及應用安全管理系統之架構對營造業於篩選承包商資格審查工具進行評估，找出理論與現實的差距。本研究的成果可從不同面向改善高風險產業的安全管理系統，以增進工作場所的安全性。

High risk industries have a higher probability of incident or higher severity of consequence. Typically, such industries include metal manufacturing, construction, and nuclear power plant, which have a risk to life and property. As such, these sectors are important to safety management researchers. The investigation of incidents no longer is limited on the human error, but also investigates the factors behind the human error, such as the safety management system. This research looked at the safety management systems of several high risk industries. Three cases selected from high risk industries were investigated to explore the issues of identification of human error, risk assessment, and safety management system in practice. First, human factor analysis and classification system was applied to investigate injury incidents in metal manufacturing. The relationships among the risk factors of the incidents were also assessed. Second, this research applied the technologies of human error prediction and human reliability analysis to evaluate the risk of a nuclear power plant for having a severe accident. Third, this research characterized prequalification tools currently used to identify the gap between practices and organizational theories. The results of this research can be applied to improve the safety management system of high risk industries from several perspectives and to enhance workplace safety.

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