本研究將太陽能電池產業或是半導體工業生產過程中的廢料矽加以回收並純化，透過碳包覆手法並和廢稻稈合成出的奈米碳纖維經由冷凍乾燥及鍛燒形成矽碳複合材料，以作為鋰離子電池中的負極材料。此矽碳複合材料採用碳包覆手法以減緩矽在充放電過程中產生的劇烈體積變化及電性衰退，並透過冷凍乾燥使碳纖維和廢料矽形成高比表面積的3D結構，並加強活物跟黏結劑之間的連結，進一步防止矽在充放電循環過程中因體積膨脹收縮效應導致電極結構崩壞，同時碳結構也能提升整體電極的導電率。
由於碳包覆及結構設計，廢料矽/碳複合材料顯現出強化的電化學性能表現，在循環測試中經100圈充放電後仍擁有1000 mAh g-1的電容量，在不同的充放電速率測試下也顯現出較好的導電性能以及較高的可逆電容量，後續廢料矽和廢咖啡渣、廢稻桿形成的複合材料也展現優異的成果。總之，此研究展現廢料矽和生物碳形成的複合材料可改善並提升電池性能，同時也減輕昔日工業為環境帶來的負擔，為鋰離子電池負極材料開闢一條新蹊徑。

The waste Si produced in solar and semiconductor industries is a sustainable source for anode materials as Silicon (Si) shows a superior theoretical capacity than other anode materials. However, the serious volume variation of Si during charging and discharging process causes particle pulverization and subsequently rapid capacity fading. In this study, silicon/carbon composite formation is introduced to solve the critical issues of Si-based anodes. The composite was produced with recycled Si powder, carbon source, and CNF derived from waste rice straw via freeze-drying method and calcination. In the cyclic test, Si coated with carbon layer and added with 1wt% CNF showed an enhanced performance of 3091mAh g-1 capacity in the first cycle and 1079mAh g-1 capacity after 100 cycles at the current density of 0.5A g-1 due to the stable and conductive structure. SEM images of before and after cycling also show that the composite structure can mitigate the crack formation on the electrode during cycling. These enhanced results indicate that carbon layer and CNF act as a protective layer and buffer matrix to alleviate the volume change of Si. In addition, the increased surface area by CNF offers more sites for binder to connect active materials and conductive materials together easily. The composite materials formed by subsequent waste silicon, waste coffee grounds, and waste rice straw also showed excellent results. In conclusion, the strategies enhance the stability of electrode and the electrochemical performance of waste Si, providing a novel method to obtain high-energy density anodes for LIBs.

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